华北地台晚古生代含煤地层多重划分

以６０个大体均匀分布于华北地台的地层剖面为基础,以晚古生代聚煤盆地的整体性为依托,对华北晚古生代地层进行多重划分研究,在岩石地层方面,研究了地层分区、划分了１８个岩石地层单位“组”,分析了组的穿时性,在生物地层方面,重点介绍了蜒、古植物和孢粉生物地层,划分了各个组合带、延限带和顶峰带,分析了生物演化系列,空间展布和对比,提出了多方面的新认识,在年代地层方面,应用界线层型概念以及与首要门类生物地层单     

就乐平组的穿时论东吴运动

目前普遍认为我国南方上、下二叠统之间存在一平行不整合,并以此代表东吴运动。本文从江西乐平组垂向与横向岩性、岩相变化的资料出发,提出不主张使用“东吴运动”这一专名。所谓“东吴运动”实际上是一次升降运动,规模很有限。时间从茅口期开始一直延续至龙潭期末,大约占有1500万年之久,其中包括了三次次一级的升降。乐平组及其各亚组均有明显的穿时现象。上下二叠统之间总体说来为连续沉积,并不存在平行不整合。     

试论华北板块寒武纪地层的穿时性

华北板块寒武系馒头组和毛庄组，徐庄组和张夏组，崮山组、长山组和凤山组分别以紫红色泥质白云岩及页岩、鲕粒灰岩和竹叶状灰岩为特征，依次形成于Xi湖－－塞卜哈、鲕滩和滩外斜坡环境。若按传统的时代划分，必然得出互相矛盾的古地理解释。按Walther相律，应有大量的柴红色泥质白云岩和页岩，鲕粒灰岩与竹叶状灰岩是同时形成的，无论泥质白云岩和页岩，鲕粒灰岩还是竹叶状灰岩都是随着海侵、相迁移而一个地区，一个地区依次形成，并且它们都是穿时的。     

广西中-上泥盆统界线附近的化学地层学特征

中国广西是世界上泥盆系发育最好的地区之一 ,沉积相齐全、出露良好 ,是进行地层学及沉积相研究的理想地区。大乐剖面与马鞍山剖面直线距离约为 7km,根据生物地层学的研究 ,两剖面中 -上泥盆统 (D2 - D3 )界线附近发生了明显的穿时现象。化学地层学的研究表明在这两条剖面上的界线附近 disparilis带内碳同位素组成发生了明显的两次负向波动 ,波动幅度分别可达 1.1‰和 0 .8‰ (马鞍山军田剖面 )和 1.5‰和 1.3‰ (大乐剖面 ) ;两条剖面上该牙形石化石带内及上下地层中元素锶 (Sr)的含量波动趋势同样可以很好地对比 ,本研究结果显示了岩石地层学界线的穿时现象并纠正了以往用岩石地层学特征划定 D2 - D3 界线的错误     

从不整合面复杂的地质涵义窥视层序地层学的诞生:层序地层学重要的科学命题之一

不整合是地层记录中最显眼的最壮观的地质现象之一,这种表现为地层的不协调接触关系的地层面具有复杂的地质学涵义.上世纪60年代以前,地质学家对不整合的地质涵义主要集中在构造地质学方面,因为角度不整合明显包含着褶皱幕,这不但产生了构造旋回或构造地层学的概念,而且产生了繁杂混乱的不整合名称.在沉积岩地层中,不整合常常表现为两种...     

辽宁省岩石地层太原组地质年代的确定

通过对辽宁省3个地层小区（太子河、大连、辽西）的太原组岩性、生物面貌、上下接触关系的调查,认为辽宁省境内的岩石地层太原组的地质年代在各地是不同的.在太子河地区（包括东部浑江流域的桓仁地区）太原组的年代是晚石炭世,不穿时到其他时代;而大连地区和辽西地区的太原组的年代为晚石炭世-早二叠世,是具明显穿时性的岩石地层.     

新疆东天山地区柳树沟组与七角井组岩石地层划分与对比①

本文对柳树沟组与七角井组进行了详细的岩石地层划分与对比。通过对两组进行野外剖面测制,区域分布,空间层位,化石组合及时代,沉积环境,岩石岩相特征的分析,认为两组都可分为3段,并具有同时异相的特征。     

本溪组-岩石地层和年代地层与穿时性

本溪组指中国北方奥陶系灰岩不整合面之上、石炭-二叠纪含煤岩系之下,由碎屑岩夹灰岩或灰岩凸镜体所组成的一套海陆交互相地层。随着研究的深入,特别是地层学理论的发展及认识的不同,对本溪组岩石地层和年代地层的划分形成了多种争议。本文按地层多重划分的观点和方法认为组是一个岩石地层的自然实体,并有区别于相邻自然实体单位的岩石内容和反映其发育的某一特定过程。为此,建议以层型剖面(本溪市新洞沟与蚂蚁村沟间的牛毛岭)为准,将本溪组岩石地层单位定义到《全国地层多重划分对比研究》的成果上来。即奥陶系灰岩顶部不整合面之上、下蚂蚁沟灰岩底界之下的一套碎屑岩层。从该灰岩层(即华北各地下部第一层灰岩)始,到最上部一层灰岩顶界(如山西太原的东大窑灰岩、河南禹州L8灰岩)为上覆太原组。该组下部产G、F两层铝土页岩,称为湖田段;上部为紫色-杂色富碳岩系(夹一薄煤层或碳质页岩)称为新洞沟段。本溪组的地质时代或年代地层,依据各地所产化石及上覆太原组第一层灰岩(即顶界)所产化石,不同地区时限不同,在吉南-辽东地区为大塘阶-德呜阶;在晋冀鲁为罗苏阶-滑石板阶;而在河南禹州其顶界进入逍遥阶(或小独山阶)-阿瑟尔阶;明显地反映出岩石地层单位穿时的普遍性规律。     

An integrated study of upper Campanian-lower Maastrichtian carbon isotopes and calcareous plankton biostratigraphy of the Kurdistan Region,northeastern Iraq

New carbon (δ¹³C) isotope records calibrated by planktonic bioevents provide general support for a late Campanian age assignment of the Shiranish Formation (Fm.) and its boundaries in the Dokan section (NE Iraq). The Shiranish Fm. is characterised at the base by a mid-Campanian unconformity as can be interpreted by absences of nannofossil zones CC20-21. The Shiranish Fm. then spans nannofossil biozones CC22-CC23a (UC15d-e^TP to UC16a^TP). Results obtained on carbon isotopes suggest that diagenesis affected and compromised a few carbonate samples in the uppermost 50 m of the section. However, once these samples are discarded, pristine trends suggest that the top of the section records a negative carbon isotope excursion that is interpreted as CMBa-c events that straddle the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary. This interpretation is supported by the lowermost occurrence of planktic foraminifers Rugoglobigerina scotti and Contusotruncana contusa some 30 m above the base of the negative excursion and 10 m below a positive excursion identified as the Maastrichtian M1+ event. Discrepancies in the stratigraphic range of several planktic foraminifer bioevents are highlighted and advocate for the need of many more integrated records of planktic foraminifer and nannofossil biostratigraphy alongside carbon isotope stratigraphy in the eastern Tethys in order to improve regional and global schemes.     

East-west diachronism of the collisional stage In the french Massif Central Implications for the European Variscan Orogen

Abstract

This paper presents a review of radiometric data relevant to the collisional history of the french Massif Central, located in the southern branch of the European Variscan Belt. Previous U-Pb, Rb-Sr and К-Ar data are discussed together with ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar mineral ages newly acquired on the high-grade metamorphic nappes of the eastern part of the massif. The petrological and tectonic setting of the dated rocks and minerals is discussed in order to provide a successful understanding of the ages. The radiometric data now available in the frenili Massif Central show that the main teclono-nietamorphic evolution took place at least 360340 Ma ago in the eastern part and at least 390-370 Ma ago in the western part. This diachronism is closely correlated with (i) a difference in the nature and number of units involved in the collisional process and (ii) the establishment of contrasted thermal regimes in the eastern and western parts during collision. Similar chronological, lithological and thermal evolutions are observed along the southern branch of the European Variscan Belt. These fundamental contrasts are debated in order to point out their possible consequences on the evolution through lime and space of the Variscan orogen.