乾陵地震台DSC-2A型数据采集器雷害故障与处理

通过对乾陵地震台DSC2A型数据采集器雷害故障现象特征、诊断修复过程、故障原因等的分析,提出了数据采集器雷害故障检修的一般步骤方法,并认为,数据采集器内部模拟输入通道转换继电器和通道程控放大电路ICL7650集成运放块易遭雷击损坏,是故障率较高的部件。     

毛乌素沙地砒砂岩与沙复配农田的固沙效应及其微观机理

砒砂岩与沙复配成土及其工程化核心技术的提出与应用,为毛乌素沙地合理利用土地资源、科学推进生态建设提供了新的思路与技术支撑。前期研究对利用层面的技术问题给予了较多关注并取得显著进展,而在潜在风险层面特别是关于复配土壤的固沙效应及其微观机理的探索则相对薄弱。基于集沙仪、扫描电镜及激光粒度仪,结合野外定位试验和室内仪器观测,对毛乌素典型原状沙地及复配农田的输沙特征差异及其固沙微观机理进行探索。结果表明：（1）观测周期内,原状沙地输沙总量为4 951 g,远高于复配农田2 436 g的输沙总量,原状沙地更易受风蚀,而复配农田土壤起沙风速大、输沙量较小,具有明显的固沙效应;（2）扫描电镜图像显示,原状沙地土粒（沙粒）粗骨化、无粘结,而耕种两年的复配农田土壤中已出现团聚体;（3）激光粒度仪分析显示,原状沙地的粉、黏粒含量仅为2.74%,而复配农田这一比例增至15.12%;（4）复配土防风固沙效应的形成与粉粒和黏粒含量及土壤结构等紧密相关。鉴于复配农田输沙固沙能力的动态差异性和风力敏感性,进一步实施复配成土造田工程时,宜在复配农田主导风向的上风向区域及成片农田内适当布设具有防风功能的适生草类或灌木条带。     

甘肃某石英脉型难选金矿石选矿试验研究

甘肃某金矿为含金石英脉型硫化矿石,金的嵌布粗细不均匀分布,70％以上集中在粗粒级中,而细粒级金则主要被黄铁矿和脉石矿物包裹,难以解离,导致尾矿中金品位难以降低,该矿石属于较难选矿石.试验研究初步对该矿石采用“重选十浮选”的工艺流程,选别效果不好;而采用把矿石磨细再经过一粗三扫的单一浮选工艺流程,在磨矿细度为-0.074...     

新型平口式集沙仪对不同粒级颗粒的收集效率

目前,国内缺少对集沙仪集沙效率问题的深入研究。采用风洞实验手段,就新型平口式集沙仪对不同粒级颗粒的收集效率进行了研究。结果表明：该集沙仪对1～0.85、0.85～0.5、0.5～0.25、0.5～0.1、0.25～0.1、0.1～0.05、<0.1、<0.05mm粒级颗粒的平均收集效率分别为54.9%、59.6%、69.7%、52.6%、24.6%、21.0%、17.7%、13.2%,表现出对>0.25mm粒级颗粒收集效率较高、对<0.25mm粒级颗粒收集效率较低的特点。该集沙仪的集沙效率不是随着颗粒粒级增大而一直增大的,而是在0.5mm左右存在一个峰值。集沙仪的集沙效率没有表现出随风速变化的明显规律性,与各粒级颗粒风蚀强度之间也没有必然的联系。造成集沙仪对不同粒级颗粒收集效率差距较大的原因可能是不同粒级颗粒运动状态的差异和沙网孔径的大小。     

河北某斑岩型钼矿提高选矿指标试验研究

河北省某钼矿为单一斑岩型钼矿,主要金属矿物为辉钼矿。为了进一步提高钼精矿的品位和回收率,试验采用混合捕收剂(煤油∶2号油=2∶1)和新型捕收剂PE-100相结合的方法,粗选时可使粗精矿的回收率提高2个百分点,品位也略有提高。为节约生产成本,试验采用阶段磨矿阶段选别的选矿工艺,即原矿磨矿(-0.074mm占60%)后,经一次粗选,一次扫选,粗精矿再磨(-0.038mm占85%)后再进行5次精选,最终获得钼精矿品位w(Mo)=50.007%,回收率为89.90%的较好指标。     

自动气象站采集器通道及合成误差分析

数据采集器通道误差是自动气象站观测系统误差来源的重要组成部分,直接影响自动站各要素观测数据的准确性,其与温、湿、压、风等各气象要素传感器误差的合成构成了自动气象站误差。在稳定的实验室环境条件下,利用高精度测量仪表,通过对多台CAWS600型采集器进行精确测量,得到自动站采集器各气象要素通道误差的校准数据。对温、湿、压、风等要素的自动测量系统(传感器和采集器)误差分析结果表明,自动站误差等于传感器误差与采集器通道误差之和。此外,采集器各主要通道的误差存在一定的分布规律:有10台采集器气温通道误差≤0.1℃,主要分布在-0.1~0.1℃,所占比例为77%;有3台采集器通道误差0.15℃而≤0.20℃,所占比例为23%。在600-1090 h Pa量程内,气压通道误差主要分布在-0.10~0.10 h Pa;风向、湿度通道误差较小,误差值相近,方向较一致,风向通道误差≤1°,湿度通道误差≤1%。     

Contribution of nitrogen and phosphorus by precipitation in the drainage basin of the Santillana Reservoir (Madrid)

The contribution of nitrogen and phosphorus due to precipitation constitutes the second most important route after superficial runoff. The sampling carried out during a two-year period by means of a precipitation collector allows us to determine the contribution of this route both qualitatively and quantitatively. Nitrogen is mainly supplied in an inorganic form, while phosphorus is principally supplied as orthophosphate. During the period of this study (March 1986–February 1988) it was found that in the Santillana Reservoir Watershed the level of nitrogen supplied by precipitation constitutes an average of 4.87% and the level of phosphorus constitutes 8.01%. The contribution of nitrogen varies in inverse ratio to precipitation and the contribution of phosphorus varies in direct ratio.     

DYYZⅡ型自动气象站初探

本文根据在自动气象站项目的安装、维修过程中遇到的实际问题，以及解决的方法，在理论分析的基础上，对使用长春气象仪器厂生产的DYYZII型自动气象站进行了一些技术探讨。     

Comparison of Silver and Gold Inquarting in the Fire Assay Determination of Palladium/Platinum and Rhodium in Geological Samples

The classical lead fire assay is still the most important method for the pre-concentration and separation of Ag, Au and some of the platinum-group elements (PGE) in the analysis of geological materials. The most frequently used fire assay procedure is the determination of Au, Pd and Pt with Ag as collector. When Au is used instead of Ag as a collector, Pd, Pt, Rh and possibly Ir can also be determined. In this study the recoveries by Au and Ag collectors, also called inquarts, were compared in the fire assay analysis of Pd, Pt and Rh in geological reference materials. The amount of gold to be added was optimised. Variable recoveries were obtained with Ag inquart for Rh, but a 2 mg inquart of Au gave good recoveries for all three of these elements in the analysis of reference samples of different geological materials. A procedure, alternative to scorification, to overcome interferences caused by base metals in the cupellation step is presented. The procedure involves cutting the Pb button into pieces and analysing the pieces separately. Prior to this, a homogeneity study of the lead button was made, and it showed that Pd, Pt and Rh were evenly distributed in the Pb button. All determinations were made using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).     

Wake characterization downstream of a fog collector

The problem of wake geometry characterization downstream of a collector for getting water out of advection fog is investigated combining the results coming from wind tunnel trials and an experimental campaign in Peru (Lomas de Mejia), where a fog collection project was running. Results from a physical model of the fog collector at a 1:100 scale tested in a wind tunnel through anemometer velocity measurements and flow visualization techniques showed, at different heights from the ground, the general direction of the flow in the vicinity of the obstacle and the extension of the downstream-disturbed area. Wind speed data collection in Peru showed the reduction in wind speed depending on its intensity. The preliminary results show the utility of such an approach in order to improve the understanding of the flow motion downstream of permeable surfaces. The possibility of spatially characterizing the wake presence has a practical utilization whenever the knowledge of the geometry of the wake downstream of an obstacle is required.