改性铝土矿与其它混凝剂净水性能对比的研究

改性铝土矿做净水剂，与市售其它混凝剂比较，具有ＰＨ值适用范围宽，对水中阴阳离子，尤其是对ＳＯ＾２－４的吸附能力强等优点。去除水中的浊度，颜色，ＣＯＤ等同于市售其它混凝剂。     

Bacteria‐removing and Bactericidal Efficiencies of PDADMAC Composite Coagulants in Enhanced Coagulation Treatment

Enhanced coagulation treatment of bacteria‐containing raw water was studied by using three series of composite coagulants, that were prepared by combining polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) with different intrinsic viscosity values (0.55–2.47 dL/g) and mass percentages (5–20%) with polyaluminum chloride (PAC), aluminum sulfate (AS), and the composite of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride (A‐F), respectively. The coagulants were tested by jar tests for the efficiencies to remove bacteria in raw water and to kill bacteria in settled sludge. It was found that when the residual turbidity of supernatant after sedimentation reached the control standard of 2 NTU in drinking water plant, the bacteria‐removing rates of PAC, AS, and A‐F were 92.22, 92.60, and 94.99%, respectively, and the bactericidal rates were 2.52, 1.22, and 2.94%, respectively. Contrastively, the bacteria‐removing rates of PAC/PDADMAC, AS/PDADMAC, and A‐F/PDADMAC could reach 95.45, 96.90, and 98.89%, respectively, and the bactericidal rates could reach 86.60, 91.81, and 96.98%, respectively. It could be deduced from the results that the bactericidal efficiencies of composite coagulants stemmed from the bactericidal action of PDADMAC, and the inorganic coagulants had little bactericidal function.     

复合硅藻土混凝剂的制备及在油田废水处理中的应用

由于目前人类生活生产所产生的废水、污水对环境造成了严重的污染,尤其是工业废水、油田废水,对环境的威胁极其严重,污水的处理已成为人类进步与发展过程中的重要课题。本文通过选取改性剂,成功地制备出了复合硅藻土混凝剂。在对油田废水的处理中,提高了除油率。     

平果铝土矿洗矿泥沉降试验研究

用多种无机凝聚剂和聚丙烯酰胺系列絮凝剂对平果铝土矿洗矿泥进行沉降试验。结果表明，阴离子型和非离子型聚丙烯酰胺适用于平果铝土矿洗矿泥的絮凝沉降。推荐使用分子量为６００～９００万的阴离子型或非离子型聚丙烯酰胺作絮凝剂。     

Investigation of hydrolysis and coagulation mechanism of poly-iron coagulant

Chemical coagulation is very important in water treatment, in which coagulant is an essential part. Pre-polymerized Al^3＋ and Fe^3＋ products have been used in practice, continuously spread for many years. However, iron-based coagulant has become the focus of studies due to cumulative biologic toxicity of residual Al in treated water. Polyferric sulfate （PFS） and poly-silicic-ferric sulfate （PSF） are all pre-polymerized polymers of Fe^3＋ salts. The hydrolysis process and species distribution of Fe^3＋ ions have been investigated extensively by many chemists and water-treatment specialists. Generally, the coagulation mechanism of conventional or pre-polymerized coagulants was often studied through jar-test, absorption experiment, microstructure observation or hydrolysis species indirectly. However, few researches have been done on the hydrolysis process of PSF in detail and on the study of the coagulation mechanism using its hydrolysis species distribution until now. In this work, PSF was prepared using water glass, ferrous sulfate and sodium chlorate by a copolymerization method. The hydrolysis species distribution was theoretically derived from pH variation during hydrolysis process of PSF compared to that of polyferric sulfate （PFS）, and then characteristics [morphology, species size, Zeta potential, spectra of X-ray diffraction and infrared spectra （IR）] and coagulation performances were explored between them. Coagulation mechanism was analyzed according to hydrolysis species distribution, characteristics and coagulation performances. The results showed that PSF gives different species distribution at different pH values and characteristics from those of PFS, leading to different coagulation mechanisms between the two coagulants.     

无机高分子絮凝剂絮凝机制的研究进展

近年来无机高分子絮凝剂的研究已成为水处理药剂研究的热点。本文概述近年来无机高分子絮凝剂絮凝机理的研究进展 ,包括我们所最近研制的三系列含水聚硅酸铝铁钠废水净化剂 ,它们的优缺点及其絮凝机理。重点阐明研制絮凝剂时通常采用共存阴离子和活性硅酸与铝盐或 /和铁盐的聚合作用 ,并探索絮凝剂中各组分对絮凝剂的絮凝效果的贡献。     

混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液的研究

通过烧杯搅拌实验对混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液进行研究,从混凝剂适应p H值范围、混凝效果、沉降速度三方面研究比较,找出一种较为理想的混凝剂,并分析了影响混凝剂性能的主要因素,确定了混凝剂的最佳投放剂量。      

PAC与PFS混凝处理污水的对比实验研究

采用PAC(聚合氯化铝)与PFS(聚合硫酸铁)混凝剂处理污水，并进行了对比实验。结果表明。在污水COD浓度为920mg／L，PFS折算为Fe2O3的投加量为300mg／L，pH为9．0时，出水COD为406mg／L，COD去除率为55．8％，而PAC折算为Al2O3的投加量为120mg／L时，出水COD为369．8mg／L，COD去除率为59．8％。PAC较PFS对COD的去除率高约4％。     

电化学法电生铁离子净化水

研究了用电化学方法电生铁离子作为絮凝沉凝剂,净化水质。试验结果表明,该法与铝盐相比是一种性能更好的絮凝净水剂,已具备对废水,污染水,天然水净化的实用条件;对于有机磷,有机氯农药,Ａｓ,ＣＮ＾－,Ｃｒ,ＮＯ＾－２的净化率在８５％－１００％,仅对Ｆ＾－的效果次于铝盐,且净水效果与不体的ＰＨ值及铁离子的价态相关。     

含苯并三唑废水处理方法探讨

含苯并三唑废水是一类常规方法不能处理的化工废水,需要探讨有效的处理方法。在纳米科技理论指导下,以纳米微粒的吸附特性为切入点,确立了纳米微粒与无机高分子混凝剂最佳混凝形态之间联系的纽带。围绕混凝作用进行了纳米粉体材料混凝试验、无机高分子混凝剂混凝试验和电凝聚试验。结果发现,应用电凝聚法能有效去除废水中由苯并三唑产生的COD,从而成功地探索出有效处理含苯并三唑废水的方法。