SHORT COMMUNICATION COMMENTS ON THE RESIDUAL BILINEARIZATION METHOD

Through theoretical analysis and computer simulation,this short communication comments on theresidual bilinearization(RBL)method and compares it with non-bilinear rank annihilation(NBRA)forthe treatment of second-order calibration with non-bilinear data.It is found that these two methods aremathematically equivalent but have different noise propagation properties.The second-order advantage,namely quantitation in the presence of unknown interferences,can be carried over to non-bilinear dataonly if there exists a net analyte rank(NAR)for the analyte of interest.     

绿色分析化学技术的研究进展

绿色分析化学技术已成为国际分析化学的前沿,其目标是利用以好的方法和原理,尽量不用或少用有在化学试剂,将环境污染减少到最低限度,目前的研究主要集中于环境友好的样品处理和富集技术,如微波消解、微波萃取、超临界流体萃取、固相萃取、固相微萃取和膜萃取等,以及绿色分析技术,如用开发仪器的功能来消除干扰,从而取代使用掩蔽试剂,将不机相测定变为水相测定等,文章对上述内容进行了综述,引用近期文献５４篇。     

ADVANCES IN SECOND-ORDER CALIBRATION

Several multivariate methods are now available for the calibration of second-order or hyphenatedinstruments(e.g.GC/MS).When applied to bilinear data,it has been shown that calibration can beperformed in the presence of unknown interferences-a significant advantage over first-order calibration.In this paper,non-bilinear rank annihilation(NBRA),a method which has the potential of handling,second-order non-bi-linear data,is studied through theoretical analysis and computer simulation.It isfound that the second-order advantage can be carried over to non-bilinear data if a property defined asnet analyte rank(NAR)holds for the analyte of interest.The net analyte signal(NAS)is definedaccordingly for second-order calibration and the analogy to and difference from lower-order calibrationare discussed.With NAS,some analytical figures of merit such as signal-to noise ratio,selectivity,sensitivity and limit of determination can be calculated for second order calibration.An application toMS/MS data is also given.     

地下水水质检测中质量异议问题的原因分析

通过对国土资源部某专业实验测试中心10年质量异议资料的分析，总结了地下水水质检测中容易产生质量异议的检测参数，分析了这些参数的特点，探讨了质量异议产生的原因和预防措施。1991～2000年问该实验室共有H2SiO3、Sr、NO2^-、I^-、SO4^2-等12项检测参数出现质量异议，大多为水文地质、水文地球化学、地下水环境质量研究和地下水开发利用所关心的关键参数。产生质量异议的原因多种多样，主要有委托方主观判断错误和在样品采集与运输过程中造成的污染、检测人员技术失误和疏忽、水样本身等原因。减少质量异议的有效措施包括选择合适的测试方法、严格的校审制度及提高取样质量等。