内蒙古中、上元古界地层的找金远景

内蒙古自治区境内,中、上元古界地层发育,其中所赋存的金属、非金属、贵金属矿产甚多。最近在中元古界朱拉扎嘎毛道组变质粉砂岩中所发现的微细浸染型金矿,是我局在元古界地层中寻找新类型金矿的一个突破,具有十分重要的意义。     

内蒙古朱拉扎嘎地区成矿遥感信息提取及成矿预测研究

以ETM+数据为信息源,对典型矿床—朱拉扎嘎金矿的成矿地质特征和遥感解译特征进行详细研究。矿体赋存于渣尔泰山群阿古鲁沟组一段浅变质含钙质碎屑岩中。利用目视综合解译法进行了线性构造信息的提取;利用主成份分析法有效提取了铁染蚀变异常和羟基蚀变异常信息,并利用光谱角法对蚀变异常进行了优化处理;利用GIS技术将以上提取的成矿信息进行叠加分析。确定该区寻找铜金矿床的找矿标志为:(1)渣尔泰山群阿古鲁沟组一段;(2)线性构造发育;(3)铁染蚀变异常和羟基蚀变异常存在且二者套合好;(4)有较强的化探异常,且异常浓集中心套合好。并利用找矿标志在区内圈定出朱拉扎嘎北侧、西侧等6个找矿靶区。     

综合物化探方法在朱拉扎嘎金矿的应用

朱拉扎嘎金矿 ,经综合物化探普查 ,在大面积覆盖区发现 0 .5km2 高视极化率、中低视电阻率激电异常和低缓磁异常。已施工的 8个钻孔均见矿 ,估算黄金储量大于 30t。沿走向 ,激电异常在北东、南西两端有大幅度向外延伸趋势 ,可能是深部硫化物矿层向外延伸的反映。     

Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of the Zhulazhaga Gold Deposit in Inner Mongolia, China

Located in Alxa Zuoqi (Left Banner) of Inner Mongolia, China, the Zhulazhaga gold deposit is the first largescale gold deposit that was found in the middle-upper Proterozoic strata along the north margin of the North China craton in recent years. It was discovered by the No. l Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Party of Inner Mongolia as a result of prospecting a geochemical anomaly. By now, over 50 tonnes of gold has been defined, with an average Au grade of 4 g/t. The ore bodies occur in the first lithological unit of the Mesoproterozoic Zhulazhagamaodao Formation (MZF), which is composed mainly of epimetamorphic sandstone and siltstone and partly of volcanic rocks. With high concentration of gold,the first lithological unit of the MZF became the source bed for the late-stage ore formation. Controlled by the interstratal fracture zones, the ore bodies mostly appear along the bedding with occurrence similar to that of the strata. The primitiveore types are predominantly the altered rock type with minor ore belonging to the quartz veins type. There are also some oxidized ore near the surface. The metallic minerals are composed mainly of pyrite, pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite with minor chalcopyrite, galena and limonite. Most gold minerals appear as native gold and electrum. Hydrothermal alterations associated with the ore formation are actinolitization, silicatization, sulfidation and carbonation. A total of 100 two-phase H2O-rich and 7 three-phase daughter crystal-beating inclusions were measured in seven goldbearing quartz samples from the Zhulazhaga gold deposit. The homogenization temperatures of the two-phase H2O-rich inclusions range from 155 to 401℃, with an average temperature of 284℃ and bimodal distributions from 240 to 260℃ and 300 to 320℃ respectively. The salinities of the two-phase H2O-rich inclusions vary from 9.22wt% to 24.30wt% NaCl eqniv, with a mode between 23 wt% and 24wt% NaC1 equiv. Comparatively, the homogenization temperatures of the threephase daughter crystal-beating inclusions vary from 210 to 435℃ and the salinities from 29.13wt% to 32.62wt% NaCl equiv. It indicates that the ore-forming fluid is meso-hypothermal and characterized by high salinity, which is apparently different from the metamorphic origin with low salinity. It suggests a magmatic origin of the gold-bearing fluid. The δ^18O values of quartz from auriferous veins range from 11.9 to 16.3 per mil, and the calculated δ^18OH2O values in equilibrium with quartz vary from 1.06 to 9.60 per mil, which fall between the values of meteoric water and magmatic water. It reflects that the ore-forming fluid may be the product of mixing of meteoric water and magmatic water.Based on geological and geochemical studies of the Zhulazhaga gold deposit, it is supposed that the volcanism in the Mesoproterozoic might make gold pre-concentrate in the strata. The extensive and intensive Hercynian tectono-magmatic activity not only brought along a large number of ore-forming materials, but also made the gold from the strata rework. It can be concluded that the ore bodies were mainly formed in late hydrothermal reworking stage. Compared with typical gold deposits associated with epimetamorphic clastic rocks, the Zhulazhaga deposit has similar features in occurrence of ore bodies, ore-controlling structure, wall-rock alterations and mineral assemblages. Therefore, the Zhulazhaga gold deposit belongs to the epimetamorphic clastic rock type.     

蒙古洋西南弧后盆地闭合时限的探讨——来自阿拉善陆块南部岩体地球化学和锆石测年的约束

精确地厘定霍尔森-查干楚鲁弧后盆地闭合的时限对于理解阿拉善陆块的构造演化历史和梳理阿拉善陆块南部地区矿化事件的时空序列具有十分重要的意义。该弧后盆地最终消失于巴丹吉林断裂带的位置。虽然在巴丹吉林断裂带东段,通过查干楚鲁蛇绿岩套将此弧后盆地东段的闭合时间约束在275Ma左右,但由于该断裂带西段缺失蛇绿岩套,使霍尔森-查干楚鲁弧后盆地的闭合时限仍不清楚。本文通过开展对上述断裂带西段中的特拜石英闪长岩和管材陶鲁盖花岗斑岩等岩体的岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb测年等方面的研究工作,结果表明,特拜石英闪长岩属I型花岗岩类,岩石相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Ta、Nb、P、Zr、Hf、Ti等高场强元素,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,具有弱的铕负异常,Sr-Nd同位素组成接近OIB或EMⅠ型富集地幔源区,岩体形成于霍尔森-查干楚鲁弧后盆地向阿拉善陆块俯冲的挤压构造环境,成岩年龄为281.7±1.1Ma。管材陶鲁盖花岗斑岩属A型花岗岩类,岩石相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素和LREE、Zr、Hf,相对亏损Ta、Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素和Ba、Sr、Eu,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,铕负异常明显,Sr-Nd同位素组成接近EMⅡ型富集地幔源区,岩体形成于霍尔森-查干楚鲁弧后盆地南侧大陆与火山弧碰撞后的伸展构造环境,成岩年龄为272.6±0.8Ma。本文提出该弧后盆地西段闭合时间不应早于281.7±1.1Ma,且不应晚于272.6±0.8Ma。结合该弧后盆地东段闭合于275Ma左右的认识,本文认为霍尔森-查干楚鲁弧后盆地整体的闭合时限介于282～272Ma之间。在巴丹吉林断裂带南侧的大多数矿化事件均为对霍尔森-查干楚鲁弧后盆地闭合事件的响应,这些矿床沿巴丹吉林断裂带分布,成矿作用与华力西期岩浆活动相关,成矿年龄应接近282～272Ma。     

综合物化探方法在朱拉扎嘎金矿的应用

朱拉扎嘎金矿,经综合物化探普查,在大面积覆盖区发现0.5km²高视极化率、中低视电阻率激电异常和低缓磁异常。已施工的8个钻孔均见矿,估算黄金储量大于30t。沿走向,激电异常在北东、南西两端有大幅度向外延伸趋势,可能是深部硫化物矿层向外延伸的反映。     

遥感蚀变异常在地质矿产勘查工作中的应用

阐述利用遥感数据提取蚀变异常的机理、方法、数据源及在不同找矿阶段的应用.以内蒙古西部阿拉善左旗沙拉西别地区为例,讨论了遥感找矿的预测应用;以内蒙古西部朱拉扎嘎金矿为例,讨论了遥感找矿在详查工作阶段的应用.通过研究认为,遥感蚀变异常可以为野外勘探前期的预测阶段提供重要的找矿信息,为详查阶段提供精确的定位信息.遥感技术是贯...     

朱拉扎嘎金矿地质特征及成因研究

朱拉扎嘎金矿是一个大型矿床,赋矿围岩为中元古界变质钙质砂岩、粉砂岩、板岩、大理岩、流纹岩.主矿体和围岩产状基本一致.划分出两个矿带,总体走向35°.矿体受层间裂隙控制,共发现56个矿体,规模为长10余米到300 m,厚度几十厘米到4.5 m,延伸可达200 m.主要蚀变有透辉石化、阳起石化、绿帘石化、冰长石化,还有碳酸盐化、绿泥石化、硅化.矿石类型有蚀变变质砂岩型、蚀变火山岩型、交代岩型、喷流沉积岩型和石英脉型.自然金和银金矿是矿石中金的最主要赋存形式.含金较高的原始沉积岩层,比较发育的层间裂隙或破碎带,与多次构造活动相伴的多次热液活动和多次矿化作用,便形成本区的岩浆热液蚀变型金矿床.     

内蒙古朱拉扎嘎金矿矿床类型及找矿方向

对朱拉扎嘎金矿床的区域地质条件、成矿地质条件、矿床特征的研究显示,该矿床受控于中元古界长城系渣尔泰山群阿古鲁沟组地层,矿体一般呈层状顺层产出,与控矿地层产状一致.初步认为该矿床属层控型金矿床.在矿区周围,矿床的西方是找矿的重点区域;在区域上,找矿远景区在乌兰内哈沙-朱拉扎嘎毛道-呼布和特一带的中元古界地层.     

内蒙古朱拉扎嘎金矿构造、岩浆控矿作用

朱拉扎嘎金矿位于中新元古代巴音诺尔公凹陷带内,朱拉扎嘎毛道附近南北向背斜褶皱轴部及朱拉扎嘎毛道NNW向断裂构造南段,赋存在中元古界蓟县系阿古鲁沟组一岩段中,为岩浆热液蚀变岩型金矿床.通过研究朱拉扎嘎金矿区域构造演化及构造、岩浆岩的控矿作用,提出朱拉扎嘎金矿床控矿因素为E-W向逆冲断裂带活动派生出的层间滑动破碎带,与华力西期岩浆活动有密切关系.区域上北东方向的呼布和特一带与朱拉扎嘎金矿床地质情况相似,是该区的找矿重点方向.