Isotope hydrological study of mean transit time in the granitic Strengbach catchment (Vosges massif,France): application of the FlowPC model with modified input function

Measurements of ¹⁸O concentrations in precipitation, soil solution, spring and runoff are used to determine water transit time in the small granitic Strengbach catchment (0·8 km²; 883–1146 m above sea level) located in the Vosges Mountains of northeastern France. Water transit times were calculated by applying the exponential, exponential piston and dispersion models of the FlowPC program to isotopic input (rainfall) and output (spring and stream water) data sets during the period 1989–95. The input function of the model was modified compared with the former version of the model and estimated by a deterministic approach based on a simplified hydrological balance. The fit between observed and calculated output data showed marked improvements compared with results obtained using the initial version of the model. An exponential piston version of the model applied to spring water indicates a 38·5 month mean transit time, which suggests that the volume in the aquifer, expressed in water depth, is 2·4 m. A considerable thickness (>45 m) of fractured bedrock may be involved for such a volume of water to be stored in the aquifer. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Petrogenesis of the Ulsan carbonate rocks from the south-eastern Kyongsang Basin, South Korea

Abstract The petrogenesis of the Ulsan carbonate rocks in the Mesozoic Kyongsang Basin of South Korea, which have previously been interpreted as limestone of Paleozoic age, is reconsidered in the present study. Within the Kyongsang Basin, a small volume of carbonate rocks, containing a magnetite deposit and spatially associated ultramafic rocks, is surrounded by sedimentary, volcanic and granitic rocks of the Mesozoic age. The simple cross‐cutting relationships and other outcrop features of the area indicate that the carbonate rocks are an intrusive phase and younger than the other surrounding Mesozoic rocks. The Ulsan carbonates have low concentrations of rare earth elements (REE) and trace elements with the carbon and oxygen isotope values in the range of δ¹³C_PDB = 2.4 to 4.0‰ and δ¹⁸O_SMOW = 17.0 to 19.5‰. Outcrop evidence and geochemical signatures indicate that the Ulsan carbonates were formed from crustal carbonate melts, which were generated by the melting/fluxing of crustal carbonate materials, caused by the emplacement‐related processes of alkaline A‐type granitic rocks. Compared to typical mantle‐derived carbonatites associated with silica‐undersaturated, strongly peralkaline systems, the relatively small size and geochemical characteristics of the Ulsan carbonates reflect carbonatite genesis in a silica‐saturated, weakly alkali intrusive system. Major deep‐seated tectonic fractures formed by the collapse of the cauldron or the rift system associated with the opening of the East Sea (Japan Sea) might have facilitated the ascent of the crustal carbonate melts.     

贵东岩体地质地球化学特征及其形成的构造环境识别

本文在研究贵东花岗岩岩体岩石矿物组合、结构构造等地质特征的基础上 ,运用花岗岩的岩石化学、微量元素和同位素等分析数据 ,采用目前广泛应用的几种岩石化学图解、微量元素和同位素图解等方法 ,判别了贵东岩体形成的构造环境为造山带后碰撞型     

A Sequence of Pan-African and Hercynian Events Recorded in Zircons from an Orthogneiss from the Hercynian Belt of Western Central Iberia--an Ion Microprobe U-Pb Study

Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe U–Pb dating showsthat a biotite orthogneiss from the Hercynian belt of westerncentral Iberia contains 1000–300 Ma zircon. Older, 1000–570Ma ages within this range represent inherited, detrital materialamong which four age components may be recognized:     

西秦岭北缘天水地区新元古代花岗质片麻岩地球化学特征及其形成环境

西秦岭北缘新元古代花岗质片麻岩位于天水地区分隔北秦岭造山带和北祁连构造带的新阳-元龙韧性剪切带中。花岗质片麻岩具高Si、高Al的特征,属高钾钙碱性系列,A/CNK在1.104～1.389之间,为硅、铝过饱和类型,属典型的强过铝质S型花岗质岩石。轻、重稀土元素分馏较强,具中等负Eu异常。岩石富集大离子亲石元素（Cs、Rb、Ba、Th、U、K、La等）,强烈亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Ti、Hf等）,明显的Ba、P、Sr负异常,相对富集Zr。该花岗质岩石是一种典型的壳源成因类型,主要为上地壳中以成熟度较低、含泥质成分较高的杂砂岩、岩屑杂砂岩为原岩的古元古界秦岭岩群中含水矿物相脱水部分熔融形成的,可能存在少量的分离结晶作用。该花岗质片麻岩具有同碰撞型花岗岩的特征,可能是北秦岭微地块与相邻地块在新元古代早期发生汇聚的产物,是Rodinia超大陆在西秦岭地区汇聚的响应。     

巴彦诺尔公花岗岩体与乌力吉花岗岩体的地球化学特征及成矿意义

巴彦诺尔公花岗岩体和乌力吉花岗岩体均属二叠纪花岗岩，两岩体在地球化学组成上基本一致，均富Si02，K20和Al20。，富集轻稀土，而重稀土亏损。其差别是：前者属钙碱性岩石(σ=l.91)，较富集Fe，Mg，Ca，Cu，Cr，Sr，Ba和F，而后者为钙性岩石(σ=1.68)较富集W，As，Sb和Au等。两岩体不仅为其周围矿产的形成提供了充分的热液，也提供了丰富的物质来源。正是由于充分的热液活动和物质迁移以及后期富集形成了朱拉扎嘎大型金矿。     

个旧锡矿区域地壳演化与成矿探讨

个旧锡多金属矿床是驰名中外的特大型矿床，过去认为是燕山晚期“花岗岩岩浆期后气液矿床”。但通过探讨区域上前震旦纪地壳演化、震旦纪-早古生代地壳演化、泥盆纪-三叠纪地壳演化以及侏罗纪-第四纪地壳演化，以及与成矿之间的关系，发现个旧矿区至少经历了印支中晚期海底基性火山-沉积成矿、印支中晚期海底喷流热水沉积成矿、燕山晚期花岗岩叠加改造成矿以及喜山期陆相表生沉积成矿作用，厘定了个旧锡矿区的印支中晚期海底基性火山．沉积Sn-Cu-Zn(Au)矿床系列、印支中晚期海底喷流-沉积Sn-Cu-Pb-Zn矿床系列、燕山晚期花岗岩叠加改造Sn-Cu-W-Be-Bi-Pb-Zn-Ag矿床系列、喜山期陆相表生沉积砂矿矿床系列等4大矿床系列及12种矿床类型。     

吉林珲春东北部中生代侵入岩——一个中性—酸性双峰式岩系的演化和形成环境

地质调查和年代学资料表明,研究区内早燕山期侵入岩为一套中性—酸性双峰式岩系。通过岩石学、矿物学和地球化学方面的研究,对该岩系的成分演化特征、形成的构造环境进行了较细致的论述,得出该岩系是一个具不连续演化特点的钙碱性岩系,形成于破坏性板块边缘的张性环境,相当于Ⅰ型花岗岩系,属于环太平洋岩浆作用的内容。     

滇西高黎贡剪切带内花岗质糜棱岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

滇西高黎贡剪切带内花岗质糜棱岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义