The 2.40 Ga Ringvassøy mafic dykes, West Troms Basement Complex, Norway: The concluding act of early Palaeoproterozoic continental breakup

A north to northwest trending mafic dyke swarm of gabbronoritic and gabbroic composition makes up a significant part of the Archean basement on the island of Ringvassøy in northern Norway. U–Pb geochronology of zircon and baddeleyite in a gabbronorite provides an age of emplacement of 2403 ± 3 Ma. Metamict zircon in a plagioclase phyric dyke yield data that are discordant but consistent with the age of the gabbronoritic dyke. Titanite indicates a metamorphic overprint at 1768 ± 4 Ma. The two types of dyke show some distinct chemical characteristics. They are both tholeiitic, enriched in LREEs and LILE elements but depleted in HFS elements including Nb. Their Nd isotopic composition yields _Nd values of −1.5 to −1.8 for gabbronorites and −0.4 to +1.3 for the plagioclase phyric dykes. The chemical and isotopic constraints are typical of continental basalts.The Ringvassøy mafic dykes correlate broadly with a global Palaeoproterozoic magmatic event that formed extensive bimodal intrusive and extrusive suites in most Archaean cratons, including the northeastern Fennoscandian Shield. In detail, the 2403 ± 3 Ma Ringvassøy dykes postdated most episodes of magmatism at this time. On the regional scale there is a distinct trend from a 2505–2490 Ma suite present in the Kola Peninsula, over a second 2460–2440 Ma suite present both in Kola and further south in Karelia, to the 2403 Ma dykes on Ringvassøy. This variation suggests that the locus of maximum extension and magmatic activity may have been shifting with time.     

基于多源遥感与地形信息的北极城镇用地信息提取

北极城镇空间信息对于研究北极,认识北极,利用北极都有重要意义。本文以北极圈内的城市特罗姆瑟为例,使用Landsat影像、DMSP/OLS夜间灯光、ASTER-GDEM2数据,通过特征提取得到属于光谱特征、纹理特征、夜间灯光特征、地形特征等18个特征,识别最优特征组合后基于AdaBoost算法提取1990、2004、2016年研究区的城镇用地,并将提取结果与最大似然法进行了对比,在此基础上进行了扩张分析。研究结果表明：引入地形与夜间灯光特征都可以在光谱纹理特征的基础上提高提取精度。基于光谱与纹理特征得到的总体精度与kappa值分别为86.20%和0.68;加入地形特征后精度分别提高2.70%（OA）和6.21%（kappa）;加入夜间灯光特征后精度分别提高2.10%和0.50;加入地形与夜间灯光特征精度分别提高3.70%和8.55%,因此光谱、纹理、地形与夜间灯光的组合是最优特征组合。通过最优特征组合进行AdaBoost城镇提取,比最大似然法对城镇的两分类总体精度高10%左右、kappa值高20%左右。计算结果显示,研究区城镇扩张强度为5.5×10^-4左右,属于缓慢扩张;扩张的平均动态度水平为0.018,是全球水平（0.0325）的一半左右;2004-2016年的动态度水平低于1990-2004年的动态度水平,说明研究区目前由高速发展期向平稳发展期过渡。