钢支撑性能对高层钢结构动力反应的影响

钢框架－支撑结构体系是高层钢结构常用的结构体系。支撑的性能对高导钢框架－支撑体系的动力性能影响较大，其中支撑的工细比是关键的影响因素。文中通过大量的计算分析研究支撑长细比对高层钢框架－支撑体系弹塑性地震反应的影响，所得结论可供工程设计时参考。     

海泥中SRB对A3钢电偶效应的影响

在室内模拟条件下研究了在海泥中硫酸盐还原菌 (SRB)对A3钢电偶效应的影响。实验在两个大型塑料槽中进行。A3钢样尺寸为 2 0cm× 1 0cm× 0 .3cm ,海泥中SRB的含量用MPN三管计数法进行测定 ;电导率、pH、氧化还原电位、泥温和盐度等参数用SY - 5型电导 -pH/mV -温度计进行测量 ;用失重法测量腐蚀速度 ;用零电阻表测量电偶电流。试验共进行 2 61d。SRB含量随时间的变化基本保持恒定。在电偶条件下A3钢在灭菌泥和有菌泥中的腐蚀速度分别为0 0 0 77mm/a和 0 0 4 9mm/a,在非电偶条件下A3钢在灭菌泥和有菌泥中的腐蚀速度分别为 0 0 0 89mm/a和 0 0 4 4mm/a。A3钢在有菌泥和无菌泥中的样板之间的电偶电流随时间的变化幅度在2 5μA左右 ,且有方向逆转现象。试验结果表明 ,在有菌泥中A3钢的腐蚀速度是无菌泥中的 5 5倍 ,说明SRB在海泥腐蚀中有重要作用。埋在相邻的有菌海泥和无菌海泥的试样之间都发生了电偶腐蚀。处在有菌海泥中的钢样为电偶对的阳极 ,处在无菌海泥中的钢样为电偶对的阴极。在实验期间内电偶效应对试样的加速作用为 1 1 .4%。     

北京市南水北调工程水工隧洞初期支护方案研究

水工隧洞应用日趋广泛,如何确定水工隧洞初期支护方案是设计中的重点课题。以北京市南水北调配套工程南干渠工程为背景,通过现场试验确定水工隧洞支护施工配合比,然后对网喷混凝土支护及钢纤维喷射混凝土两种初期支护结构进行数值模拟研究,并结合现场监测及现场施工效果,进行浅埋水工隧洞支护方案研究。研究结果表明：采用钢纤维喷射混凝土支护与网喷混凝土支护相比,钢纤维喷射混凝土支护更能保证施工安全。研究成果对于类似隧洞设计及施工具有借鉴和参考价值。     

钢铁厂周围不同污染介质的磁学性质及环境意义

为了通过钢铁厂周围不同污染介质的磁学性质研究,实现对环境污染的有效监测,本文系统地采集了河北兴隆和湖南娄底两个钢铁厂周围的树皮和草表面的飞灰、土壤及不同树种的年轮样品.其中前三者用来反映现今污染源,而树木年轮用来追踪长时间尺度的污染历史.通过综合岩石磁学实验分析（包括热磁曲线、磁滞性质和低温实验等）、电子扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱(EDX)以及X射线衍射(XRD)分析,发现钢铁厂周围现今污染源中的主要粗颗粒磁性矿物为磁铁矿、赤铁矿和纯铁.其中8~50 μm的球形磁铁矿颗粒和呈棱角状的铁颗粒是钢铁厂污染物的特征磁性矿物.对不同树种来说,其中香樟树和枫树树木年轮中的磁性矿物以顺磁性物质为主, 不适合用于环境磁学的污染监测.而柳树中的磁性矿物（主要为磁铁矿）与现今污染源的磁性矿物相符.以上研究表明多参数岩石磁学测量并辅以微观分析等手段,可以精确地提取磁性矿物的种类及粒度特征, 判别重工业区污染源,为应用磁学方法来监测环境污染提供依据.     

Hydroelastic response of marine risers subjected to internal slug-flow

It is the purpose of this study to investigate the dynamic behaviour of catenary pipelines for marine applications, assuming the combined effect of harmonic motions imposed at the top, and the internal slug-flow. The analysis is based on the assumption of a steady slug-flow inside the pipe that results in a relatively simplified model for the formulation of the internal flow. The slug-flow model is described using several assumptions and empirical correlations which attempt to reveal the ill-understood and concealed properties of the slug-flow. The pipeline dynamics are investigated in the two dimensional space omitting the out-of-plane vibrations. The system of differential equations is generic and accounts for the steady effect of the internal liquid as is conveyed through the structure.The two models, those of the internal slug-flow and the pipeline’s dynamical model, are properly combined through the internal flow terms of the dynamic equilibrium system. The solution provided is achieved using a frequency domain technique which is applied to the linearized governing set. The effect of the slug-flow is assessed through comparative computations with and without internal flow effects. The conclusions are drawn having the structure excited under axial and normal motions paying particular attention to the variation of the dynamic components along the complete length of the pipeline.     

The numerical and empirical evaluation of chimneys considering soil structure interaction and high-temperature effects

During the past strong ground motions, chimneys constructed according to international standards are representative of similar structures at industrial areas throughout the world, including those collapsed or moderately damaged in earthquake-prone regions. This is due to the specialty of structural characteristics and the special loads acting on the structure such as earthquakes, wind and differences in the level of temperature, etc. In this context, the researchers and designers should focus on the dynamic behavior of chimneys especially under high temperature and seismic effects. For this purpose, the main focus of this study is to evaluate the dynamic response of a chimney under the above-mentioned effects considering soil-structure interaction (SSI). A 52 m steel chimney in Yeşilyurt township of Samsun City in Turkey was studied. The in-situ model testing and numerical models were compared. Before the commissioning of the chimney, a series of tests was realized to define its dynamic characteristics in case of no-heat and after the fabric got to work, the same tests were repeated for the same sensor locations to understand the heat effect on the dynamic response of the chimney. The ambient vibration tests are proven to be fast and practical procedures to identify the dynamic characteristics of those structures. The dynamic testing of the towers promises a widespread use, as the identification of seismic vulnerability of such structures becomes increasingly important. The data presented in this study are considered to be useful for the researchers and engineers, for whom the temperature and SSI effects on steel chimneys are a concern. Using the modal analysis techniques, presented finite element simulation for the soil/pile foundation-chimney interaction system is verified. The results of modal analyses using numerical solutions are shown to have acceptable accuracy compared with results obtained by in-situ test. The present study also aims to provide designers with material examples about the influence of these on the seismic performance of steel chimneys by means of reflecting the changes in the dynamic behavior.     

基于OpenSees的RCS组合框架结构抗震性能模拟分析

选取已有钢筋混凝土柱—钢梁组合结构（RCS）框架的低周期反复试验数据,采用地震工程开源模拟软件OpenSees对其进行有限元模拟,对比骨架曲线与滞回曲线,试验结果与有限元结果吻合较好。随后考察弯矩放大系数（Mc/Mb=0.86、1.48、2.04）、柱轴压比（n=0.06、0.2、0.3、0.6、0.8）对抗震性能的影响,得到了各参数下框架的滞回曲线、骨架曲线和各特征阶段的荷载与位移值。分析了框架的破化过程、延性与强度退化。结果表明：RCS组合框架滞回曲线饱满,具有良好的变形及耗能能力;随着弯矩放大系数的减小、柱轴压比的增大,框架的水平极限承载力降低、屈服状态提前、位移延性降低。分析结果可供有关研究或工程应用参考。     

Resource recovery and remediation of highly alkaline residues: A political-industrial ecology approach to building a circular economy

Highly alkaline industrial residues (e.g., steel slag, bauxite processing residue (red mud) and ash from coal combustion) have been identified as stocks of potentially valuable metals. Technological change has created demand for metals, such as vanadium and certain rare earth elements, in electronics associated with renewable energy generation and storage. Current raw material and circular economy policy initiatives in the EU and industrial ecology research all promote resource recovery from residues, with research so far primarily from an environmental science perspective. This paper begins to address the deficit of research into the governance of resource recovery from a novel situation where re-use involves extraction of a component from a bulk residue that itself represents a risk to the environment. Taking a political industrial ecology approach, we briefly present emerging techniques for recovery and consider their regulatory implications in the light of potential environmental impacts. The paper draws on EU and UK regulatory framework for these residues along with semi-structured interviews with industry and regulatory bodies. A complex picture emerges of entwined ownerships and responsibilities for residues, with past practice and policy having a lasting impact on current possibilities for resource recovery.     

工程结构柱式构件的抗震性能试验研究进展

为研究工程结构中柱式构件的抗震性能,本文对国内外普通混凝土柱、高强混凝土柱、钢管混凝土柱和钢骨混凝土柱的抗震拟静力试验结果进行了总结,得出了影响柱式构件抗震性能的几个关键因素,并对研究中存在的不足以及今后需要探讨的问题进行了讨论。     

钢管水泥土围护墙等效弹性模量的有限元计算

分析了水泥土围护墙弹性模量对于控制基坑变形的重要性、根据上海某钢管水泥土墙基坑支护的工程实例建立ABAQUS平面二维有限元模型,计算钢管水泥土围护墙等效弹性模量,量化了内插钢管对提高水泥土重力式围护结构的支护强度所起到的作用,并对钢管长度、外径、间距和插入位置进行了参数分析。