Eocene tonalite–granodiorite from the Havza (Samsun) area,northern Turkey: adakite-like melts of lithospheric mantle and crust generated in a post-collisional setting

ABSTRACT

Eocene intermediate to felsic plutons of different sizes and compositions are widespread in the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt in northern Turkey. Of these, the Ta?l?k Tepe pluton in the Havza (Samsun) area is fine-to-medium-grained, with granular, porphyritic, and micrographic textures, and include mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs). LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon dating yielded emplacement ages of 42.9 (± 1.4) and 40.5 (± 1.3) Ma for the host granodioritic pluton and the dioritic MMEs, respectively. Petrochemically, the host pluton has I-type, high-K calc-alkaline, and metaluminous-to-slightly peraluminous features (A/CNK = 0.95–1.06). The host pluton also shows geochemical features of adakite-like rocks with high SiO₂ (67–68 wt%) and Al₂O₃ (15.5–16.0 wt%) content and Ba/La (17–23), Sr/Y (40.7–61.6), and La_N/Yb_N (14.4–23.7) ratios and low Y (8.2–9.9 ppm) and Yb_N (3.1–4.4) contents. Whole-rock major and trace element variations suggest that fractional crystallisation played a significant role in the pluton evolution. The N-MORB normalised trace element patterns of the pluton are similar to those of MMEs with enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements, Th and Ce, and negative Nb and Ti anomalies. Chondrite-normalised rare earth element plots show moderate-to-highly enriched concave patterns (La_N/Lu_N = 14.2–21.6) with insignificant negative Eu anomalies (Eu_N/Eu* = 0.86–1.14), all of which imply hornblende fractionation during magmatic evolution. The pluton samples have ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of 0.704767 to 0.704927, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratios of 0.512767–0.512774, εNd values of (+2.52) – (+2.65), and δ¹⁸O values of 7.9–9.7‰. The isotopic compositions of the host pluton and MMEs are similar to I-type granitoids derived from mantle sources. The MMEs show incomplete magma mixing/mingling, representing small bodies of mafic parental magma. Combined with regional studies, these new data suggest that the parental magma of the studied adakite-like pluton was generated from the lithospheric mantle and then modified by fractional crystallisation and assimilation in a post-collisional setting.     

赤峰托河盆地流纹岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

赤峰托河火山盆地位于大兴安岭南端内蒙古赤峰市克什克腾旗境内,处于西拉木伦河-长春缝合带以南、康宝-围场-赤 峰-开源断裂带以北的辽源地块,盆地中的长英质火山岩系角度不整合于下二叠统额里图组、于家北沟组之上,并被新近系汉诺 坝组玄武岩不整合覆盖。SHRIMP 锆石U-Pb年龄表明,盆地火山岩系中流纹岩锆石的206Pb/238U年龄为158.5±1.3 Ma,属晚侏罗 世早期岩浆活动的产物,应归入新民组。托河流纹岩具有较高的SiO2含量（68.6%~72.6%）,A/CNK值<1.1,标准矿物刚玉的含量< 1%;ΣREE含量较高,轻稀土富集,负铕异常显著;(87Sr/86Sr)i= 0.709244~0.713168,εNd(t)=-8.76~-8.42,TDM2=1656~1629Ma,(206Pb/ 204Pb)i=17.271~17.326,(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.401~15.413,(208Pb/204Pb)i=37.614~37.696,δ18OV-SMOW=4.1‰~4.5‰。经对比托河盆地流纹岩与 红山子盆地、芝瑞盆地流纹岩、流纹斑岩,它们主量元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb-O同位素地球化学特征基本一致,指示各盆地的 物质来源相同。文章证实赞同前人提出的物质来源既与地壳（特别是下地壳）有关,也与地幔特别是EMI型地幔有关的观点。在 (Yb+Ta)-Rb和Y-Nb图解上,托河盆地流纹岩均显示板內拉张的构造环境。类比红山子盆地的岩石组合、地质时代、同位素组 成、铀矿化特征等,提出托河盆地条件更优越,认为今后盆地内的铀矿勘查工作可参照红山子铀钼矿床的模式开展。     

冀北窟窿山复式岩体年代学、地球化学特征及岩石成因

窟窿山复式岩体位于赤峰-开原断裂以南、尚义-平泉断裂带以北的华北克拉通北缘隆起带和沽源-红山子铀成矿带 的西南段,由外侧的中粗粒碱长花岗岩和内侧的中细粒碱长花岗岩组成,两者呈侵入接触,出露面积约120 km2。SHRIMP 锆石U-Pb年龄表明,中粗粒碱长花岗岩和中细粒碱长花岗岩锆石的206Pb/238U年龄分别为129.4±1.5 Ma （MSWD=1.2） 和 134.0±1.7 Ma（MSWD=1.8）,分别形成于早白垩世晚期和早白垩世早期。窟窿山花岗岩具有高硅,富钾、钠,高FeOT/MgO 比值,贫铝、镁、钙、磷的高分异特征,属准铝质-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石。在SiO2 vs (Na2O+K2O)-CaO和SiO2 vs FeOT/(FeOT+MgO)图解中落于A型花岗岩区。ΣREE含量较低,Eu负异常明显,具燕式轻稀土富集型稀土配分曲线特征。富 集Rb,Th,U,Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf,Y等元素,亏损Sr,Ba,P,Ti等元素,10000Ga/Al=4.63~5.66(＞2.6),Zr+Nb+Ce+Y=402× 10-6~713×10-6(＞350×10-6),显示A型花岗岩微量元素的特征。具有异常的Sr初始比值((87Sr/86Sr)i =0.750562~0.839814),较低 的Nd初始比值(εNd(t)= -14.3~-13.2)和相对较年轻的Nd模式年龄(TDM2=2084~1996 Ma)及较低的Pb同位素组成：(206Pb/204Pb)t= 16.797~17.010, (207Pb/204Pb)t=15.406~15.434, (208Pb/204Pb)t=37.477~37.540。中粗粒碱长花岗岩和中细粒碱长花岗岩的δ18OV-SMOW分 别为5.3‰~6.2‰和0.1‰~3.1‰,后者低于正常花岗岩的δ18OV-SMOW 值（6‰~10‰） 和正常地幔的δ18OV-SMOW （5.7‰±0.3‰） 值,在铅同位素图解中窟窿山花岗岩同时带有下地壳物质和富集地幔印记,构造环境判别图解显示窟窿山花岗岩属于板内 后造山花岗岩,形成于板内伸展拉张构造背景。通过与区域上同时代A型花岗岩的对比,表明窟窿山花岗岩是华北克拉通 北缘早白垩世与岩石圈减薄相关的伸展构造体制下的产物,这种构造体制可能与太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关。综上所述, 窟窿山花岗岩的成因为古元古代源于EMI富集地幔的岩浆混有少量古老下地壳物质形成年轻下地壳,可能还与俯冲的经历 了高温热液蚀变的洋壳有关,但由于源区混染不均一导致花岗岩的氧同位素值存在差异,至早白垩世板内拉张构造环境下 发生部分熔融产生的岩浆在上侵过程中形成窟窿山花岗岩。     

江西广丰、玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年和Sr-Nd-Pb-O元素同位素特征

华夏古板块与扬子古板块结合带内的广丰、玉山红色碎屑沉积盆地均有橄榄玄粗岩产出,SHRIMP锆石UPb年代学研究表明,橄榄玄粗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为93±1 Ma,属晚白垩世早期的产物。广丰盆地橄榄玄粗岩(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值为0.706 191~0.706 352,εNd(t)值为0.27~0.55,(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为18.045~18.080,(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为15.503~15.543,(~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为38.240~38.256;玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值为0.705 856~0.706 024,εNd(t)值为1.74~1.93,(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为17.956~18.063,(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为15.456~15.498,(~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为38.195~38.232。在(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i-(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i、(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_i-(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i和(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_i-(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i图解中,广丰、玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩均位于亏损地幔(DMM)和EMⅡ型富集地幔之间,而且(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i和(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i呈正相关,(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_i和(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i呈负相关,指示其源区中可能均有DMM和EMⅡ型地幔的贡献;玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩更偏向DMM端员,指示其DMM端员所占的比例更高。广丰、玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩具有EMⅡ型地幔的贡献,说明华夏古板块与扬子古板块结合带的岩石圈地幔与华夏古板块的岩石圈地幔属相同类型,为华夏古板块俯冲于扬子古板块之下提供了新的证据。