一种提高粘土矿物去除赤潮生物能力的新方法

在研究粘土颗粒与赤潮生物絮凝作用的基础上，建立了粘土表面改性对其絮凝作用影响的理论模型，认为改变粘土颗粒的表面性质提高其去除赤潮生物能力的主要途径，提出在粘土中引入ＰＡＣＳ（聚羟基氯化铝）的改性方法。结果表明，对于微型原甲藻（Ｐｒｏｒｏ－ｃｅｎｔｒｕｍ ｍｉｎｉｍｕｎ）体系，粘土中引入微量ＰＡＣＳ后，其去除率达９０％以上的高岭土用量由原来的２ｇ／Ｌ降至０．１ｇ／Ｌ，去除效率提高近２０倍。考察了ＰＡ     

几何定向最优化方案的探讨

本文从几何定向精度对贯通误差的影响着手,采用SWIFT(sequential WeightIncxeasing Factor Technique)优化法,并借助于PC—1500机,Basic语言来寻找几何定向的最佳图形,提高定向精度,确保隧道正确贯通。     

华北地区地震活动矩加速释放现象的震例研究

通过对华北地区13次Ms5级以上地震在震前不同时间的贝尼奥夫应变释放曲线的特征进行分析,得出大部分中强地震前存在地震矩释放加速现象,同时从空间上分析了应变释放特性与地震的关系,发现很多地震在震前1～2年震中附近区域会出现大范围类椭圆形的低m值区域,这个区域与未来主震的位置有着很好的对应,这为华北地区未来中强地震的危险性判定提供了参考。     

Spatial and temporal distribution of chlorophyll in southern African waters as deduced from ship and satellite measurements and their implications for pelagic fisheries

Information is presented on the distribution of chlorophyll a between the Cunene River (18°S), on the border of South West Africa (Namibia) and Angola, and East London (28°E) on the east coast of South Africa. Spectrophotometric measurements of samples collected during various research cruises and estimates from satellite measurements were used. The coast was divided into a number of oceanographic regions. Spatial and temporal variation of chlorophyll a in the waters off central-northern South West Africa, the Lüderitz region, the South-Western Cape and the Algoa region are discussed in some detail. There was a narrow coastal band of moderate to high chlorophyll a (3 to in excess of 10 mg·m^?3) at the surface between Cape Cross (22°S) and Möwe Point (c. 19°S) throughout most of the year, whereas in much of the area between 23 and 33°S concentrations reached maximum values in autumn. Along the South-Western Cape coast, high concentrations of chlorophyll a were observed in the St Helena Bay area up to 90 km off shore throughout the year, evenly distributed in the upper 30 m. A narrower band of high concentrations of chlorophyll a extended southwards to Cape Agulhas during summer when upwelling was most active. During late summer and autumn a subsurface maximum developed on the Agulhas Bank associated with the thermocline. Low to moderate concentrations were widespread over the entire coastal zone during winter, with strong mixing in the upper 50 — 100 m. A fairly consistent feature of the Algoa region was the presence of moderate concentrations of chlorophyll associated with a wedge-shaped zone of coastal and dynamic upwelling. The implications of the distribution of chlorophyll in time and space are discussed with respect to the distribution and migration of pelagic fish species, particularly anchovy.     

RXTE observations of the low/hard state X-ray outburst of the new X-ray transient SWIFT J1753.5−0127

We present the results of the analysis of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer ( RXTE ) observations of the new X-ray transient, SWIFT J1753.5−0127, during its outburst in 2005 July. The source was caught at the peak of the burst with a flux of 7.19e-09 erg s⁻¹cm⁻² in the 3–25 keV energy range and observed until it decreased by about a factor of 10. The photon index of the power-law component, which is dominant during the entire outburst, decreases from ∼1.76 to 1.6. However, towards the end of the observations the photon index is found to increase, indicating a softening of the spectra. The presence of an ultrasoft thermal component, during the bright phases of the burst, is clear from the fits to the data. The temperature associated with this thermal component is 0.4 keV. We believe that this thermal component could be due to the presence of an accretion disc. Assuming a distance of 8.5 kpc,   L _X/ L _Edd≃ 0.05  at the peak of the burst, for a black hole of mass  10 M_⊙  . The source is found to be locked in the low/hard state during the entire outburst and likely falls in the category of the X-ray transients that are observed in the low/hard state throughout the outburst. We discuss the physical scenario of the low/hard state outburst for this source.     

微重力探测小质量物体的实践及其验证

应用美国LaCoste-Rombcrg D型重力仪可以进行微重力方法探测,在良好条件下观测精度可以达到2—3μGal.给出一个微重力探查的实例,在30m~2的室内面积上,进行30cm×30cm、50cm×50cm 的测点网的微重力测量.经常规的、与第一次给出的建筑物重力效应改正对观测重力值进行改正,得到经改正的重力场值.对于三个小幅度重力异常圈闭进行了正演模拟分析与作出解释.通过浅地震探测和挖掘验证,各小异常的解释结果与实际情况基本上相符或一致.这样,对微重力方法的探查能力给出了初步分析研究的结果.     

关于开展二次资料开发的几个问题

积多年地质工作形成的各种资料和成果，包括物、化探等，都是为当时某项地质找矿任务与要求而完成的，由于地质理论水平、方法手段所限，对其蕴藏的部分或大部分信息尚未开发利用，在目前国家地勘费紧张，如何把有限的资金使用在刀刃上，即以最小投入取得最佳找矿效果，也是当前必须解决的课题。因此，对已有资料的二次或多次开发，反复研究，提高认识，作好普查第一阶段的工作，提高找矿命中率是十分必要的。     

察尔汗盐湖首采区晶间卤水石盐饱和度的研究

利用Ａｇ—ＡｇＣｌ电极和钠离子选择电极组成无液界电池的电势法,测定２５℃时察尔汗盐湖首采区晶间卤水中石盐的平均活度和饱和度：应用Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ方程,计算卤水中石盐的平均活度和饱和度。结果表明,察尔汗首采区晶间卤水中的石盐均已接近或达到饱和;石盐饱和度的实验测定值与Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ方程的理论计算值在总体趋势上吻合得较好。     

深井灌注废液在深部含水层中运移的数值模拟

根据山东东营某地的地质、水文地质资料,模拟了在该地区建设灌注井时灌注废液在深部含水层中的运移。数学模型考虑了流体密度、粘滞性以及灌注层孔隙度随压力或浓度的变化。模拟计算采用美国深井灌注项目中广泛应用的SWIFT数值模拟软件,讨论了模型中主要水文地质参数变化对计算结果的影响。模拟结果对灌注井位置的选择、调查区域的确定以及监测井的布置都有着很好的指导意义。     

SWIFT J1749.4-2807: A neutron or quark star?

We investigate a unique accreting millisecond pulsar with X-ray eclipses,SWIFT J1749.4-2807(hereafter J1749),and try to set limits on the binary system by various methods including use of the Roche lobe,the mass-radius relations of both main sequence(MS)and white dwarf(WD)companion stars,as well as the measured mass function of the pulsar.The calculations are based on the assumption that the radius of the companion star has reached its Roche radius(or is at 90%),but the pulsar's mass has not been assumed to be a certain value.Our results are as follows.The companion star should be an MS one.For the case that the radius equals its Roche one,we have a companion star with mass M(～-)0.51 M⊙ and radius Rc(～-)0.52 R⊙,and the inclination angle is i(～-)76.5°; for the case that the radius reaches 90% of its Roche one,we have M(～-)0.43 M⊙,Re()0.44 R⊙ and i(～-)75.7°.We also obtain the mass of J1749,Mp(～-)1 M⊙,and conclude that the pulsar could be a quark star if the ratio of the critical frequency of rotation-mode instability to the Keplerian one is higher than～0.3.The relatively low pulsar mass(about～M⊙)may also challenge the conventional recycling scenario for the origin and evolution of millisecond pulsars.The results presented in this paper are expected to be tested by future observations.