岩盐及芒硝中各种化合物质量分数的计算

本文以等物质的量的反应规则建立了岩盐、芒硝中各种化合物的质量分数的计算公式。这些公式既符合法定计量单位的要求，又方便计算。     

Period formulas of shear wall buildings with flexible bases

The evaluation of the fundamental period of shear wall buildings considering the flexibility of the base is investigated in this paper. This research is motivated by the discrepancy reported between the formulas used in different building codes and the measurement of real buildings. Both experimental and analytical approaches are used to assess the effect of the base flexibility on the fundamental period of shear wall structures. In total, twenty buildings built on different types of soil are tested under ambient vibration. The fundamental period is identified using a non‐parametric linear model in the frequency domain. The results show that fundamental period formulas used by UBC‐97 and NBCC‐95 are inadequate since they do not include the effect of the foundation stiffness. To improve the estimation of the fundamental period of shear wall buildings, an analytical approach is presented. The structure and the foundation are represented by a continuous‐discrete system. The stiffnesses of the base are represented by translational and rotational discrete springs. The rigidities of these springs are evaluated from the elastic uniform compression of the soil mass and the size of the foundation. The analytical predictions improve the estimation of the fundamental period and keep the computation simple. The error between the measured period and the analytical results is, on average, less than 10%. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

竖向地震动强度包络函数的空间变化规律

利用SMART 1台阵三次地震记录拟合了各个测点在地震中的竖向地震动强度包络曲线及Amin 和Ang的强度包络函数中各模型参数值,分析了各模型参数的空间变化规律,建立了各模型参数随二维空间坐标及土层厚度变化的随机模型,为多点地震动合成中竖向强度包络函数的计算提供了理论依据。     

精密三角高程测量严密计算的理论研究与初步实验

本文根据水准面、似大地水准面、参考椭球面、高程异常、垂线偏差与正常高之间的关系，推导出了新的普通三角高程测量及光电测距三角高程测量的精密计算公式，并对新公式进行了初步的实验验证。     

钢结构房屋动力特性脉动法测试研究

对上海地区的10幢钢结构建筑进行脉动法测试并采集数据,得到广义钢结构房屋的动力特性。选取其中1栋典型建筑通过多次测试和数值模拟分别验证测试的稳定性和准确性。通过分析处理测试数据建立钢结构建筑一阶周期与结构层数或高度的线性关系式,并归纳总结了等效阻尼比的测试结果,为验证结构动力特性理论计算结果、钢结构建筑减震隔震设计以及鉴定、加固改造、损伤识别提供依据。     

延吉—珲春地区圆砾层地基承载力研究

延吉—珲春地区的圆砾层是该区域工程建设经常利用的土层.为了获取圆砾层可靠的地基承载力数据,探讨确定地基承载力适宜的测试手段和方法,以及检验以前地基承载力数据的可靠度,采用载荷试验和重型圆锥动力触探试验原位测试方法对圆砾层的地基承载力进行了测试研究,获取了十二组地基承载力特征值、变形模量和重型圆锥动力触探锤击数试验数据.通过对试验数据的统计分析,得到了圆砾层地基承载力特征值的范围,得出地基承载力特征值、变形模量与重型圆锥动力触探锤击数线性相关的结论.据此,提出了适合当地工程地质条件的根据重型圆锥动力触探锤击数计算圆砾层地基承载力特征值和变形模量的经验公式.为延吉—珲春地区岩土工程勘察工作能够准确可靠、便捷、经济地确定圆砾层地基承载力特征值和变形模量提供了依据和方法,并为吉林省其他地区圆砾层地基承载力的研究提供了参考.     

Accuracy and reliability-based region-specific recalibration of dynamic pile formulas

Many state departments of transportation and consulting firms continue to use dynamic formulas because they are simple and inexpensive as compared to the preferred dynamic loading test with signal matching. Efforts to reduce the error and uncertainty associated with dynamic formulas are therefore warranted until dynamic monitoring becomes standard for every driven pile. However, dynamic formulas calibrated to national test pile databases have indicated inaccuracy and high uncertainty in the capacity prediction using dynamic formulas. A region-specific dynamic load test database was used to assess the accuracy and uncertainty in the Janbu, Danish and FHWA Gates formulas, recalibrate the equations for local conditions (construction practice, geology) and to generate resistance factors for use with Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD). Following recalibration, the capacity predictions became more accurate, and an observed dependence of the accuracy on the magnitude of resistance was eliminated for most driving conditions (e.g. end-of-driving, restrike). Previously reported static load test data were used to incorporate the transformation error associated with using the dynamic capacity to predict an equivalent static capacity. Resistance factors for use in Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) were developed in consideration of American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials–recommended load statistics and target reliability indices. Efficiency factors were used to assess the economic performance of each dynamic formula. Comparison of the accuracy and uncertainty of the recalibrated equations to a nationwide calibration illustrated the advantage of using a geologic-specific database for the calibration of resistance factors.     

Simple formulas for the dynamic stiffness of pile groups

Simple formulas are derived for the dynamic stiffness of pile group foundations subjected to horizontal and rocking dynamic loads. The formulations are based on the construction of a general model of impedance matrices as the condensation of matrices of mass, damping, and stiffness, and on the identification of the values of these matrices on an extensive database of numerical experiments computed using coupled finite element–boundary element models. The formulations obtained can be readily used for the design of both floating piles on homogeneous half‐space and end‐bearing piles and are applicable for a wide range of mechanical and geometrical parameters of the soil and piles, in particular for large pile groups. For the seismic design of a building, the use of the simple formulas rather than a full computational model is shown to induce little error on the evaluation of the response spectra and time histories. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Helmert型方差—协方差分量估计的通用公式

本文在概括函数模型和它的通用公式的基础上,导出了一个适用于所有平差方法的方差—协方差分量估计的通用公式,并由此给出方差分量估计的通用公式和简化的通用公式。     

用误差椭圆分析正直,交向摄影的点位精度

本文应用几何法推导出正直、文向摄影的点位精度公式和计算点位误差椭圆参数公式，由此用于点位精度分析。