ETM+(TM)蚀变遥感异常提取方法研究与应用——方法选择和技术流程

从原理、模型试验及实际数据处理等方面分析对比了比值法、光谱角法及主分量分析法的优劣;选择了以主分量分析为主、光谱角法为辅进行蚀变遥感异常的提取;引用了误差理论某些基本概念,以标准离差σ作为遥感异常切割的尺度;建立了"去干扰异常主分量门限化技术流程"。以西藏驱龙—甲马蚀变遥感异常群为例,展示了此技术的效果,并与高光谱研究结果进行了比较。     

A Matrix‐Matched Reference Material for Validating Petroleum Re‐Os Measurements

This study presents two matrix‐matched reference materials developed for petroleum Re‐Os measurements. We present the Re and Os mass fractions and ¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os and ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os values (ratio of the number of atoms of the isotopes) for repeatedly measured aliquots (ca. 120–150 mg test portions) of the NIST Research Material 8505 (RM 8505) crude oil, and its asphaltene and maltene fractions, and ~ 90 g of homogeneous asphaltene powder isolated from this oil. Measurements were performed using the Carius tube‐isotope dilution negative‐thermal ionisation mass spectrometry methodology. The RM 8505 crude oil contains 1.98 ± 0.07 ng g^?1 Re and 25.0 ± 1.1 pg g^?1 Os, with Re‐Os isotope amount ratios of 452 ± 6 for ¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os and 1.51 ± 0.01 for ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os (n = 20, 95% conf.). The homogeneous asphaltene sample contains 16.52 ± 0.10 ng g^?1 Re and 166.0 ± 0.9 pg g^?1 total Os, and possesses isotope amount ratios of 574 ± 3 for ¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os and 1.64 ± 0.01 for ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os (n = 24, 95% conf.). The intermediate precision of these data makes the RM 8505 whole oil and the (~ 90 g) homogenised asphaltene appropriate petroleum matrix‐matched reference materials for Re‐Os measurements. The asphaltene fraction of the oil is the main carrier of Re and Os of the RM 8505 whole oil, and caution is suggested in using asphaltene and maltene fractions of a single oil for Re‐Os geochronology.     

一种改进的Linux实时进程调度算法——RAD算法

在Linux实时进程调度算法中,RM算法是一种针对任务周期的长短来确定优先级调度算法,EDF算法是以最后期限的顺序来指定优先级的动态调度算法,这两种算法在LiFlUX内核调度算法中都得到广泛应用.在深入分析以上两种算法优缺点的基础上,提出将两种算法优点合并,根据进程的重要程度和紧急程度来选择确定进程调度的优先级,得到一个新的高效RAD(Rate And Deadline)算法,试验证明新算法RAD的运行效率更高.     

Improvements in Digestion Protocols for Trace Element and Isotope Determinations in Stream and Lake Sediment Reference Materials (JSd-1, JSd-2, JSd-3, JLk-1 and LKSD-1)

Total dissolution is a critical step in geochemical analysis. Despite the number of published protocols, this issue still draws attention for sediment samples, which are particularly difficult to dissolve due to the common occurrence and high abundance of refractory phases such as zircon. We present tests of different chemical digestion procedures carried out on reference materials (RM) of stream (JSd-1, JSd-2 and JSd-3) and lake (JLk-1 and LKSD-1) sediments from the Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ) and the Canadian Certified Reference Material Programme (CCRPM). We demonstrate that the fusion technique is not appropriate for our studies as not all elements of interest were recovered and blank levels were too high to permit further Sr and Pb isotopic composition measurements. Similarly, conventional HF+HNO₃ dissolution methods were not efficient enough for detrital samples. Our preferred method involved using high pressure Teflon® vessel bombs in association with HClO₄. This protocol ensured a complete dissolution of the powder, as well as a complete recovery of trace elements. Moreover, blank levels were sufficiently low that Sr or Pb isotope compositions could be measured from the same mother solution. We also tested the homogeneity of RM powders by performing tests on various amount of powder.     

青藏高原东北部末次间冰期以来的古气候──以若尔盖盆地RM孔分析为例

于１９９３年在青藏高原东北部若尔盖盆地沉积中心钻取一长３１０ｍ的湖泊岩芯,对其上部３１ｍ的湖泊沉积物进行了年代测定以及自生碳酸盐氧同位素,有机碳氮分析,重建了１４万ａ来的古气候演化过程,基本上可以区分出５个阶段。结果表明,５阶段（１４０－８０ｋａＢ．Ｐ）气候温暖湿润,内部又可区分出５ａ－５ｅ,４阶段（８０－６０ｋａＢ．Ｐ）气候以冷干为主;３阶段为相对湿湿期,降水丰富,流域径流量较大;３０ｋａＢ．Ｐ     

基于资源的“大诚”服务关系营销模式

自20世纪90年代关系营销理论引入我国以来,我国服务业已取得长足发展,但在许多方面依然落后于发达国家。其原因之一是缺乏一种本土化的关系营销模式。有鉴于此,文章提出了适合我国服务业市场特色的关系营销模式———基于资源的“大诚”服务关系营销模式。该模式兼具三方面内容:系统环境内化成为服务企业的内部资源、“大诚”关系营销模式以及服务关系绩效检测指标。     

ETM+(TM)蚀变遥感异常提取方法研究与应用--方法选择和技术流程

从原理、模型试验及实际数据处理等方面分析对比了比值法、光谱角法及主分量分析法的优劣;选择了以主分量分析为主、光谱角法为辅进行蚀变遥感异常的提取;引用了误差理论某些基本概念,以标准离差σ作为遥感异常切割的尺度;建立了“去干扰异常主分量门限化技术流程”。以西藏驱龙一甲马蚀变遥感异常群为例,展示了此技术的效果,并与高光谱研究结果进行了比较。     

扰动动能与平均动能转换率及其角动量涡旋输送与新疆暴风雪过程的关系

用1995年5月至1999年4月KWBC北半球500 hPa高度场5°×5°客观分析资料,应用谐波分析把等压面高度场沿纬圈作富利叶级数展开,计算逐日25°~80°N每隔5°纬度递增的沿纬圈的扰动动能与平均动能转换率(E)、角动量涡旋输送(RM),分析了E和RM的年、季分布特征及其与新疆暴风雪过程的关系.结果表明:E和RM具有显著的季节变化和周期性;E的正高值中心与新疆暴风雪过程有较好的关系,出现E正高值中心的日期作为预报指标日,其后3~6 d新疆将出现暴风雪天气过程,出现RM负低值中心的日期作为预报指标日,其后3~8 d新疆有暴风雪过程发生;当E的正高值中心和RM的负值中心同时出现时,更确定了新疆暴风雪过程出现的可能性.