土壤多样性的概念及其争议

介绍了Ibanez等提出并发展的土壤多样性概念及其计量方法论，简要阐述了利用土壤多样性方法分析全球尺度的土壤空间和分布规律的尝试，进而概括了知名土壤学家和生态学家对土壤多样性及其计量方法论所提出的建设性意见和不同观点，最后讨论了土壤多样性在土壤学及其他相关学科的应用前景。     

土壤多样性理论方法的新近发展与应用

与建议也陆续出现 ,按此势头发展下去 ,极有可能使传统土壤学发扬光大 ,对拓宽环境管理与评价的途径具有重要意义。在国家自然科学基金的资助下 ,我们已经将土壤多样性的理论方法介绍到中国[3 4,3 5] ,并且在山东省 1∶10 0万SOTER数据库支持下 ,进行了探索性研究①[3 6 ] 。目前正着手在海南SOTER数据库的支持下 ,对海南省土壤多样性进行多方位、多层次的分析研究 ,相信不久将会有相关研究报告发表土壤多样性理论方法的新近发展与应用@张学雷$中国科学院南京土壤研究所!江苏南京210008 @陈杰$中国科学院南京土壤研究所!江苏南京210…     

Pedodiversity and pedogenesis in Zayandeh-rud Valley, Central Iran

A geomorphic hierarchical downscaling method was used to decompose the forms and processes forming the landscapes and their subdivisions in the main region of Zayandeh-rud Valley. The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of soil heterogeneity and to check if K-entropy would be a good measure of soil evolution. Soil diversity analyses were performed considering soil families as individuals of soil entities in each geomorphic or taxonomic category level. Pedodiversity indices were used to follow the trend of soil and landscape evolution. The relationships between K-entropy (Shannon diversity index) and pedo-richness versus increasing area were analyzed to find out the effects of soil–landscape evolution on complexity of soil patterns in different geomorphic surfaces. Entropy–age relationship was studied to check the pedogenetic pathways responsible for soil landscape evolution. The soil diversity increases as geomorphic and taxonomic hierarchy levels decrease. The diversity indices were high when the sequence of soil horizons in a homogeneous family was also investigated. An increase in K-entropy of soil and landscape during time confirms the hypothesis of soil divergence evolution, whereby differences in initial conditions or local perturbations, and dynamic instability appear to have produced more variable soils and landscapes in the study area.