A unique Galactic planetary nebula with a [WN] central star

We report the discovery of the first probable Galactic [WN] central star of a planetary nebula (CSPN). The planetary nebula candidate was found during our systematic scans of the AAO/UKST Hα Survey of the Milky Way. Subsequent confirmatory spectroscopy of the nebula and central star reveals the remarkable nature of this object. The nebular spectrum shows emission lines with large expansion velocities exceeding 150 km s⁻¹, suggesting that perhaps the object is not a conventional planetary nebula. The central star itself is very red and is identified as being of the [WN] class, which makes it unique in the Galaxy. A large body of supplementary observational data supports the hypothesis that this object is indeed a planetary nebula and not a Population I Wolf–Rayet star with a ring nebula.     

山西地震综合数据处理系统

《山西地震综合数据处理系统》是遵循《国家地震局数据库技术规范》,以PDP-11/23~+小型机与IBM/PC联机为硬件支撑,以网状型数据库为核心,含前期处理、库管理、数据检索、科学计算、分析会商5个子系统的较大型应用软件系统。具有对数据进行收集、录入、预处理、存储、管理、加工及应用等功能。整个系统通过总控菜单程序实现了异种机间上百个模块的调度,使查询-处理一体化。该系统把地震数据库、日常监测数据处理、专家地震预报系统有机地衔接于一体,可直接服务于地震科研和震情会商。该系统的建设是山西省重大科技攻关项目,也是国家地震局的合同制项目。     

运城盆地11 kaBP以来气候环境变迁与湖面波动

通过黄土区湖泊沉积研究来恢复古气候、古环境，是对黄土区古气候、古环境研究的补充和检验。通过山西运城盆地硝地湖泊沉积物的多环境代用指标分析，结合史料记载，探讨了该地区11kaBP以来古气候演化和湖面波动的历史。结果表明，该地区存在YD（Younger Dryas）事件，进入全新世后气候有显著的趋势，最高湿润度发生在7．88－5．15和5kaBP后，气候逐渐变干，湖面波动与气候波动相关，全新世早期湖面开始上升，湖泊扩张，5kaBP后湖泊萎缩，盐类结晶析出。     

Structure of the satellitary accretion disk of Saturn

A detailed computation on the equilibrium structure of an accretion disk around Saturn from which the regular satellites presumably originated is reported. Such a disk is the predecessor of the self-dissipating disk that is formed when the mass infall stops (Cassen and Moosman, 1981, Icarus48, 353–376). When determining the disk structure local energy balance was assumed. Convention was taken into account by introducing local energy dissipation and, in an approximate manner, sonic convection. Changes in the disk structure were investigated by varying the free parameters, i.e., the external flux from both the protosun and the protoplanet, the abundance of dust and the strength of turbulence. It has been verified that the external energy flux does not play an important role in the evolution of the disk structure. Models characterized by either longer times (?3 10³ year) or a noticeable depletion of condensable elements (10^?2 times less than the solar value) have a total mass of the order of 0.34?0.1 times the mass of the regular satellites increased by the mass of the light elements. Low turbulence models (Reynolds critical number $\text{Re}{}^1\text{= 150}$) are characterized approximately by a total mass twice as large the mass of the regular satellites. All the studied models present a temperature distribution that allows the condensation of iron, silicate, and, in the outer regions, ice grains. All models but the one with 10^?2 of the solar value of condensable elements are characterized by a wide convective region that contains the formation zone of the regular satellites.     

北京市区春季燃烧源大气颗粒物的污染水平和影响因素

以大气中PM2.5和PM10为研究对象,于2005-03-13—25共7天的时间内,在中国地质大学(北京)测试楼顶、首钢焦化厂和首钢东门设立3个采样点进行采样监测。结果表明:PM2.5和PM10质量浓度的日变化呈现一定规律性,在不同时段PM2.5和PM10的质量浓度不尽相同,且变化较大,在特定时刻出现峰值,主要受污染源排放和气象因素的控制;PM2.5和PM10质量浓度随气温的升高而降低,这与高温有利于颗粒物扩散、低温容易形成逆温层有关;在一定的相对湿度范围内(以大气中水汽不发生重力沉降为界限),PM2.5和PM10质量浓度与相对湿度呈正相关关系;而当发生降水时,由于水滴的冲刷和附带作用,PM2.5和PM10质量浓度降低;PM2.5和PM10质量浓度与风级呈明显的负相关关系。通过北京市与国内8个省会城市的PM2.5和PM10质量浓度的对比,发现北京市PM2.5和PM10污染比较严重,PM2.5和PM10质量浓度分别超过了1996年中国制定的PM10排放标准和1997年美国EPA制定的PM2.5排放标准。     

杭州市区春节期间空气质量变化特点

分析近3年春节期间的空气质量资料，结果表明，杭州市区环境空气中PM10、SO2、NO2浓度较高，烟花爆竹燃放期间3种污染物出现高峰值，这与烟花爆竹燃放有关，PM25／PM10的比值高于年均值。     

伊利石层间钾释放的远红外光谱研究

本文介绍了新近研究层间交换的远红外方法，并用该方法研究了金砂伊早石层间交换的性质，随着温度的升高，伊利石的远红外谱段从１０８ｃｍ＾－１向低波数方向偏移，３００Ｃ时为１０７ｃｍ＾－１，５００℃时为１０００ｃｍ＾－１，７００℃时为９８ｃｍ＾－１，同时，伊利石的释钾程度也伴随着增加，远红外谱同释放钾的能力有一清楚对比，因此可以用远红外方法预言伊利石释钾的能力，最后，利用量子化学计算的ＰＭ３方法首次从理论     

Water level observations from unmanned aerial vehicles for improving estimates of surface water–groundwater interaction

Integrated hydrological models are usually calibrated against observations of river discharge and piezometric head in groundwater aquifers. Calibration of such models against spatially distributed observations of river water level can potentially improve their reliability and predictive skill. However, traditional river gauging stations are normally spaced too far apart to capture spatial patterns in the water surface, whereas spaceborne observations have limited spatial and temporal resolution. Unmanned aerial vehicles can retrieve river water level measurements, providing (a) high spatial resolution; (b) spatially continuous profiles along or across the water body, and (c) flexible timing of sampling. A semisynthetic study was conducted to analyse the value of the new unmanned aerial vehicle‐borne datatype for improving hydrological models, in particular estimates of groundwater–surface water (GW–SW) interaction. Mølleåen River (Denmark) and its catchment were simulated using an integrated hydrological model (MIKE 11–MIKE SHE). Calibration against distributed surface water levels using the Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis algorithm demonstrated a significant improvement in estimating spatial patterns and time series of GW–SW interaction. After water level calibration, the sharpness of the estimates of GW–SW time series improves by ~50% and root mean square error decreases by ~75% compared with those of a model calibrated against discharge only.     

Conceptualizing multiple clusters in mega-city regions: The case of the biomedical industry in Beijing

This paper introduces a unique industrial configuration that has emerged in Beijing, where three economic clusters in the biomedical industry, originally established as industrial/research parks, have developed parallel to each other. This configuration of multiple co-located clusters of the same industry, which has not been discussed before, raises the question of whether the industrial/research parks are competing for the same resources, or whether they are complementary to each other and can collectively be viewed as a new type of industrial configuration. The paper conceptualizes a framework of multiple clusters in mega-city regions that distinguishes between collaborating and competing clusters and presents initial empirical evidence for the Beijing case. As such, this research aims to unravel the phenomenon of multiple clusters in mega-city regions and to understand the complex spatial interrelationships that exist within and beyond multiple co-located clusters in the same industry.     

汕头市PM2.5的气象要素影响分析及预报研究

利用2014—2017年汕头市PM_2.5的日浓度资料、以及汕头市国家基准气象观测站的同期地面气象资料,重点分析了汕头市PM_2.5浓度的变化特征以及风、混合层厚度、降水等气象条件对PM_2.5浓度的影响,同时探讨了污染物浓度变化的成因。在此基础上,根据汕头市的气候特点,采用BP （Back-Propagation）人工神经网络方法针对汛期和非汛期分别建立了PM_2.5质量浓度预报模型。结果表明：与多数内陆城市不同,汕头市PM_2.5浓度日变化为单峰型,这与汕头地处沿海受海陆风影响有关;PM_2.5浓度日峰值出现在08时左右,除早高峰污染物排放增加的因素外,与早晨时段的低风速环境有关;PM_2.5日均浓度随着风速的增大呈现减小趋势,PM_2.5日均浓度与08时混合层厚度显著相关（相关系数为-0.143）;汕头市非汛期PM_2.5浓度比汛期高,这与汕头市的亚热带季风气候特征有关,汛期各量级降水（暴雨以上除外）对PM_2.5的清除效果无明显差别,而非汛期降水对PM_2.5浓度有明显清除作用;BP人工神经网络模型的预报效果表明,汛期和非汛期的PM_2.5级别命中率TS分别为100%和90.3%,准确指数分别为87.7%和89.9%,总体预报效果良好。不同时期预报模型出现正误差的数量和程度均大于负误差,汛期预报模型在有强降水发生时误差较大,而非汛期预报模型在有冷空气入侵时误差较大。