Application of multi-seismic attributes analysis in the study of distributary channels

During the exploration of stratigraphic reservoirs, the key to locating these reservoirs is to identify the sandstone distribution. Seismic data can be used to recognize large-scale distributary-channel sedimentary bodies; however, depiction of sedimentary bodies in small distributary channels using traditional interpretation data from seismic profiles is extremely difficult. In the Upper Cretaceous first sandstone bed of the third member of the Nenjiang Formation (called the Nen 3 member for simplicity) in the XB area of the southern Songliao basin, distributary channels are the main sedimentary facies. The distributary channels migrate frequently; therefore, it is difficult to precisely depict the morphology of the channel and the distribution of sandstone. In this study, we investigated the deposition of distributary channels using equal-scale formation plane seismic attributes such as post-stack amplitude, instantaneous amplitude and seismic waveform classification, analyzed well logging data from target formations, and mapped the distribution of distributary channels. This study shows that seismic sedimentological study and stacking multiple attribute analysis can identify the distribution of distributary channels precisely and effectively. The attributes of equal-scale strata slices are evidently superior to those of time and horizon slices; Attribute extraction and selection of equal-scale formation slices is an essential step. The comprehensive selection of seismic attributes that show a good correlation to a single-well can be used to clearly depict channel bodies. The overlap of the 40-Hz single-frequency energy and the RMS amplitude depicts the sedimentary characteristics and shapes of sandstone bodies in main channels as well as small-scale distributary channels more clearly than a single attribute. These attributes show that the first sandstone bed of the Nen 3 member was from distributary channels with complex shapes. The distributary channels cut across each other vertically and laterally. It indicates that, during the deposition of the Nen 3 member in XB area, the direction of the main channel is from north to south, and the provenance could be from north and east. The method of this paper may provide some helpful suggestions to the geologist using seismic attributes to undertake research on sedimentary environment at other places in the world.     

草鱼出血病病毒VP7蛋白基因的人工合成与原核表达

根据GenBank已发表的GCRVVP7蛋白基因序列,设计合成2条特异性引物和19条搭桥引物,通过搭桥PCR人工合成带有3处变异碱基的GCRVVP7蛋白基因整个编码框,经过酶切、连接、PCR鉴定和测序鉴定克隆到原核表达载体pColdTF中,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),进行IPTG诱导表达和表达产物的SDS-PAGE、Western-blotting分析、纯化以及反应原性的iELISA检测。结果表明,成功人工合成了长831bp的GCRV VP7蛋白基因编码框和构建了VP7蛋白基因的重组质粒pCold TF-VP7,pColdTF-VP7转化菌经IPTG(1mmol/L)诱导3—4h即可获得特异性蛋白VP7重组蛋白的高效表达,VP7重组蛋白相对分子量大小约为73.9ku,与预期大小相符,且与鼠抗GCRV血清有良好反应原性。     

How well is the EU protecting its seabirds? Progress in implementing the Birds Directive at sea

The European Commission has repeatedly requested its Member States to fully implement one of the world's oldest nature legislation laws, the Birds Directive, by designating Special Protection Areas (SPAs) in the marine environment. The current work analyses the spatial coverage offered by the SPA network to the 82 species of seabirds that occur in EU waters, and compare it to that of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs), as defined by BirdLife International. Marine SPAs represent 3.9% of the EU's marine area, while the IBA network represents 4.4%. On average, only 0.05% of the EU marine area is protected, and there are enormous regional differences. On average, SPAs and IBAs both cover 16.0% of the breeding distribution range of seabird species, but only1.4% of their non-breeding distribution range. SPAs cover more than 50% of the breeding range of only one seabird family, Procellariidae, and both SPA and IBA networks offer greater coverage to threatened species than to non-threatened ones. The year when Member States were legally obliged (2008 onwards) to declare their marine SPA networks is not significantly related to their network size, and that those species subjected to tracking studies or have well known breeding colonies benefit from higher coverage. Methodological challenges that were once posed to implement the Birds Directive at sea are largely overcome, and political will is the main driver for identifying, designating and managing a complete network of marine SPAs in the EU.     

秦岭祁连山昆仑山构造发展史与南北中国板块的拼合

按秦岭祁连山昆仑山发展演化，中国大陆的形成可总结为3阶段板块拼贴“焊合”模型即：中元古代至新元古代早期，原始秦昆洋俯冲—消减，塔里木—华北古陆（北中国板块）与华南洋域新生陆壳（南中国板块）拼贴增生，形成原始中国古陆；震旦纪至志留纪，原始中国古陆裂解，秦祁海洋扩张—俯冲—消减，阿拉善—华北板块（北中国板块）与塔里木、柴达木、华南组成的联合板块（南中国板块）缝合统一，形成古中国板块，泥盆纪至三叠纪早期，古特提斯洋俯冲—消减，藏滇板块（基梅里大陆一部分）与古中国板块碰撞拼贴，滨邻古特提斯洋的中国大陆西南缘（秦祁昆地区）全面皱起，造就中国大陆轮廓；中生代以来，板内超长期继承性汇聚和滨西太平洋边缘构造带、新特提斯—喜马拉雅构造叠加、改造，造就现令中国大陆构造、地势。     

MAPGIS软件中交互式矢量化的应用

在应用MAPGIS软件进行线条矢量化时存在着常规输入线的耗时及自动矢量化效果太差问题,交互式矢量化利用图形分层、人工干预线条走向、线条抽稀、线条光滑等手段,可有效克服矢量过程中出现的线条重叠和偏离现象,保证图件矢量化的效果。合理使用功能键进行退点、转换线向及图层屏蔽等技巧,可方便、快捷、美观的完成图形矢量化。     

Fast direct GPS P-Code acquisition

GPS P-Code has a higher chipping rate, better accuracy, and anti-jamming property than C/A code. Traditionally, GPS P-Code acquisition depends on handover from C/A code. This potentially needs long acquisition time. Moreover, when C/A code is not available, it is no longer possible to acquire GPS P-Code through handover from C/A code. The purpose of this paper is to describe a new overlap average method to facilitate hardware design of fast direct P-Code acquisition. It allows the rapid code phase search to acquire GPS P-Code signals, and also decreases the hardware resource requirement. The small size FFT in the proposed methods is very promising for fast FPGA hardware system design using FFT cores. The simulation results and theoretical analysis are included demonstrating the overall performance of the proposed method.

A tool to navigate overlaps in fragmented ocean governance

Implementation of marine ecosystem-based management requires improved understanding of existing governance, including gaps and overlaps resulting from fragmented management. Focusing on overlaps, this paper presents a technique using text analysis to assist in the identification of agencies and laws involved in overlaps from a system perspective. The overlaps analysis uses term frequency counts on ocean laws and regulations in conjunction with relevant agency authority. Such information delivered in a transparent user-friendly presentation can help policymakers and other constituents of ecosystem-based management to find existing overlaps as a step to facilitate improved coordination.     

Area coverage maximization in service facility siting

Traditionally, models for siting facilities in order to optimize coverage of area demand have made use of discrete space representations to efficiently handle both candidate facility locations and demand. These discretizations of space are often necessary given the linear functional forms of many siting models and the complexities associated with evaluating continuous space. Recently, several spatial optimization approaches have been proposed to address the more general problem of identifying facility sites that maximize regional coverage for the case where candidate sites and demand are continuously distributed across space. One assumption of existing approaches is that only demand falling within a prescribed radius of the facility can be effectively served. In many practical applications, however, service areas are not necessarily circular, as terrain, transportation, and service characteristics of the facility often result in irregular shapes. This paper develops a generalized service coverage approach, allowing a sited facility to have any continuous service area shape, not simply a circle. Given that demand and facility sites are assumed to be continuous throughout a region, geometrical properties of the demand region and the service facility coverage area are exploited to identify a facility site to optimize the correspondence between the two areas. In particular, we consider the case where demand is uniformly distributed and the service area is translated to maximize coverage. A heuristic approach is proposed for efficient model solution. Application results are presented for siting a facility given differently shaped service areas.

安徽省矿业权申请范围触摸屏重叠查询系统的设计与应用

矿产资源是国民经济与社会发展的重要物质基础,矿业权审批业务是国土资源管理部门的重要工作。安徽省矿业权申请范围触摸屏重叠查询系统不仅为矿业权申请人提供了方便实用的软件,方便了群众办事,而且对吸引矿业投资人、搞活安徽省矿业经济营造了良好的环境。本文从系统总体架构、GIS软件平台选型、开发架构等几方面讲述了系统的设计方法,并对系统的应用情况以及产生的社会效益及经济效益进行了分析和总结。