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利用台站常规观测资料和NCEP-FNL再分析资料,检验了GRAPES(Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction Enhanced System)对2011/2012年冬季我国寒潮天气过程的预报能力。结果表明,GRAPES模式能较好地预报出该冬季4次寒潮过程的明显降温、高低空环流形势及冷平流的入侵,模式对2月22日寒潮的预报效果较差。对于强降温预报,在1月18日、2月5日及2月14日寒潮过程中,模式在新疆部分地区、云贵高原和四川盆地的预报效果较差。在2月22日寒潮中,我国东部地区出现了较大偏差,模式预报的500 hPa上阻塞高压及东亚大槽等系统的强度和位置出现较大偏差。4次过程中,模式预报的冷、暖平流在我国东北部大小兴安岭及长江流域以南有较大偏差。对于2月22日寒潮,模式预报新疆地区、大兴安岭和辽宁的冷平流范围和强度、及长江流域以南暖平流的范围和强度都要大于实况,导致此次寒潮温度预报误差大,这可能与在地形区域模式物理过程存在一定误差有关。 相似文献
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This paper presents a preliminary analysis of thermal anomalies before the Baja California M7.2 earthquake occurred on April 4, 2010. The results show that surface air temperature of the Mexicali station, which is the closest one to the epicenter, reaches its maximum value on March 30, which is also the maximum value from January 1 to April 10, 2010. Weather stations far away from the epicenter (100 km away) show no other thermal anomaly. In particular, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Final Operational Global Analysis (NCEP-FNL) air temperature data show a maximum temperature change between March 30 and 31 at the epicenter grid point, while the other surrounding 7199 grid points show medium to low temperature change. The microwave brightness temperature measured by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer on board the EOS Aqua satellite (AMSR-E) also shows an increase on March 31. The results of multiple thermal parameters analysis obey well the DTS criterions: deviation (D), time synchronism (T), and space consistency (S), so they can be considered as convincing seismic thermal anomalies. This analysis might contribute to make reliable earthquake predictions. 相似文献
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