相律的应用:蒸发结晶过程自由度

在连续原理和浓度限制条件的基础上,分析了卤水蒸发过程的自由度,提出了“蒸发结晶过程自由度”这一概念。发现蒸发结晶过程自由度在整个过程中不是1便是0,在1和0之间交替变化,与选择的组分数和析出固相数目无关。蒸发结晶过程自由度为1,物理意义是在不引起新相产生旧相不消失的前提下过程连续地变化(水分的连续蒸失),几何意义是指在适当的坐标系中的一条线,一条直线或曲线;0的物理意义是指新相的产生和旧相的即将消失或者前一段的连续变化过渡到后一段的连续变化,几何意义是指一点,两蒸发阶段的交点或者过程的终点。简单地讨论了过程的单向性和连续件。     

Fishermen responses on marine protected areas in the Baltic cod fishery

Much of the research that concerns the impacts of management measures in the eastern Baltic cod fishery has focused on fish stock rather than understanding fishermen's attitudes towards regulations. Hence, there is little information available on fishermen's responses although they are the ones whom the regulations affect most profoundly. This study analyses the views of fishermen towards management measures with an emphasis on fishing closures (marine protected areas, MPAs). Swedish log-book data from 1996 to 2005 were used to describe MPA induced fishing effort displacements. Fishermen argued that MPAs have been inefficient in conservation of cod stock. The enlargement of Bornholm MPA in 2005 caused substantial effort displacement towards areas dominated by smaller sized fish. This contributed to the increased discarding of juvenile cod. Enlarged MPAs also intensified competition between different fleet segments and reallocated fishing areas. To reduce fishing mortality, fishermen suggested days-at-sea (effort) regulation and an effective landings control system for all fleets that exploit cod stocks in the Baltic Sea Main Basin. These measures would better motivate fishermen for mutual rule compliance, which is a prerequisite for a sustainable cod fishery.     

基于AutoCAD二次开发的矢量地形数据检查

基于CAD的矢量地形数据是一类基本的重要的基础地理数据，其应用十分广泛，同时也是各类地理信息系统重要的数据源，其属性精度、逻辑一致性是其重要质量元素，本文论述了基于AuotoCAD二次开发实现矢量地形数据计算机自动化高效检查的技术方法。     

滇东北及毛坪铅锌矿遥感地质与成矿预测

根据遥感构造、含矿岩性地层、岩石蚀变异常等多种遥感地质信息,采用地质异常单元统计预测方法,对毛坪铅锌矿进行多元信息成矿预测,明确了找矿方向。     

Sea-level rise and shoreline retreat of the Nile Delta promontories, Egypt

Studies of the Nile Delta coast have indicated wide values of local subsidence, ranging from 0.4 to 5 mm/yr. Trend analysis of sea-level rise and shoreline retreat at two Nile Delta promontories have been studied. Records from tide gauges at Alexandria (1944–1989) and Port Said (1926–1987), north of the Nile delta coast, indicate a submergence of the land and/or a rise of the sea-level of 2 and 2.4 mm/yr, respectively.Dramatic erosion has occurred on some beaches of the Nile Delta. This is greatest at the tips of the Rosetta and Damietta promontories, with shoreline retreat up to 58 m/yr. Relationship between the shoreline retreat and sea level trends in terms of correlation analysis and application of the Bruun Rule indicates that the sea level rise has, by itself, a relatively minor effect on coastal erosion. The sea-level trend at the Nile delta coast is found to be only one of several effects on shoreline retreat. Major recent effects include a combination of cut-off of sediment supply to the coast by damming the River Nile and local hydrodynamic forces of waves and currents. Estimates of local future sea-level rise by the year 2100 at Alexandria and Port Said, respectively, is expected to be 37.9 and 44.2 cm. These expectations, combined with other factors, could accelerate coastal erosion, inundate wetlands and lowlands, and increase the salinity of lakes and aquifers.     

云南铜矿成矿规律与遥感预测

在遥感图像解译及研究成果基础上，结合地质、物探、化探等综合信息，开展铜矿成矿条件、成矿规律和成矿预测研究，指出今后云南铜矿新的找矿方向，为矿产资源规划和投资决策提供依据。圈定的铜矿成矿远景预测区，将作为今后云南铜矿地质工作优先安排的建议区，亦可作为商业性地质勘查和外资风险勘查的推荐区。     

某核电工程岩体地基均匀性评价

岩体地基由于强度高,地基承载力大,对一般建筑物可视为均匀地基。但核电工程对地基的强度、均匀性等要求都非常高,必须评价其均匀性。对核电工程等重大工程的岩石地基均匀性评价,目前还没有非常规范的方法。本文拟从地形地貌、地质构造、波速特征、地基承载力以及地基沉降均匀性等方面加以评价,并结合用Hoek-Brown准则预测岩体强度进行地基强度均匀性评价。     

一种基于规则的对比度增强方法

本文提出了一种基于规则的对比度增强方法;着重对均值和方差变换、规则库的建立和修改、局部增强技术等进行了探讨。实验结果表明,该方法优于大多数传统的图像增强方法。     

数理统计在工程勘察原始数据合理性检验中的应用

在工程勘察内业资料整理过程中,原始数据的合理性检验是一个重要过程,这里着重介绍3σ准则和Chauvenet准则,并绘制相关程序流程图,使数理统计之计算电算化,以达到提高工作效率的目的。     

宝鸡雷暴气候特征及雷电灾害防御

本文通过对2004年～2005年间360张欧洲中心数值预报产品形势预告图在中期预报中的检验分析,寻求欧洲中心数值预报产品在中期预报中的基本规律,有效地提高了中期预报的时效和准确率。