Planation, bauxites and epeirogeny: One or two paleosurfaces on the West African margin?

Mapping of lateritic bauxites over the West African rifted margin and analysis of the geomorphic properties of these bauxites, combined with available geological data lead to a discussion of the presence of either two Meso-Cenozoic planation surfaces or a single Eocene surface to account for the morphotectonic and paleoclimatic evolution of the Guinean landforms. At large scale, two stepped bauxitic levels are documented. Ongoing or episodic uplift following Gondwana breakup and Meso-Cenozoic climate change are proposed to have allowed the formation and abandonment of an Early mid-Cretaceous surface today preserved as the higher bauxitic level, and the setting of an Eocene planation surface bearing a second generation of bauxites, making the lower bauxitic level. The single Eocene surface hypothesis requires that Paleogene bauxitization preserved large pre-existing relief to explain two stepped bauxitic levels of the same age. The two-surface hypothesis is favored because it would explain rebauxitization of alluvial pebbles of bauxites under the lower lateritic level.     

红土型金矿床的地质特征、成矿条件及找矿评价标志

红土型金矿是８０年代新发现的金矿类型，它可分为初生型和改造型两类。矿床规模大，矿体成层状、似层状和透镜体，产状平缓。矿石呈松散状，品位低，金主要呈次显微状或微粒状的游离自然金存在，其沉淀富集主要发生在地下水流动带。形成红土型金矿的条件为：相对稳定的地质区及地台区，存在含金矿源体，古气候为热带雨林和热带稀树干草原气候，准平原及低山丘陵地貌，找矿评价标志为：发育红土型风化壳是找矿前提，金矿源体存在是找矿基础，化探异常、红土发育区残留的“硅帽”及红土化剖面中的铁质带为重要的找矿标志，网纹状红土下面的高岭土层为矿体顶板的标志层，砂金为指示其上游红土发育区可能存在红土型金矿的标志     

含金硫化物基岩区红土型金矿的成矿作用

实验表明，在含金硫化物基岩区，硫代硫酸金络阴离子团和硫酸金络阴离子团是金在表生条件下的主要迁移形式，它们的沉淀与铁、锰氢氧化物的形成有密切联系。金的表生迁移－沉淀条件除一般的表生地质条件外，还有特殊的物理化学－生物化学条件。络阴离子团的地球化学性质，控制着红土型金矿床的垂向分带与金的次生富集。     

黔西南炼山坡红土型金矿地质特征及找矿标志

简述了黔西南炼山坡红土型金矿的矿区地层与构造、分散流与次生晕的成果、矿体产出状态等矿床地质特征,并从成矿物质来源,地质构造,地形、地貌及古气候,红土化作用及元素的迁移与富集作用方面探讨其成矿地质条件,提出了找矿标志。     

Effect of Soil Parameters on Dynamic Cone Penetration Indices of Laterite Sub-grade Soils from India

The focus of this study was on correlating the effect of grain-size, maximum dry-density (MDD), field moisture content, and the void ratios on penetration measured using the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) for laterite soils blended with fines. Tests were performed on soil samples compacted to MDD for moulding water contents set to the optimum moisture content (OMC), dry of OMC, and wet of OMC un-soaked condition. The results indicated that an increase in the fines-content caused a decrease in the MDD, and an increase in the OMC and the DCP penetration. Regressions were developed correlating various parameters.     

Contrasting mineralogical and processing potential of two mineralization types in the platinum group element and Ni-bearing Kapalagulu Intrusion,western Tanzania

The Kapalagulu layered ultramafic and mafic intrusion is emplaced between the Paleoproterozoic Ubendian basement and overlying Neoproterozoic Itiaso Group metasedimentary rocks, located near the western shore of Lake Tanganyika. High-grade platinum group element (PGE) mineralization (1–6 g/t Pt + Pd + Au) is associated with chromitite and sulfide-bearing harzburgite within the southeastern extension of the intrusion, known as the Lubalisi Zone, which is covered by a layer of nickel-rich (0.2–2%Ni) laterite regolith that contains linear areas of PGE mineralization.In the Lubalisi Zone, the mineralization may be divided into several significant geometallurgical domains: (a) high-grade PGE mineralization (1–6 g/t Pt + Pd + Au) associated with stratiform PGE reefs and chromitite seams within a harzburgite unit; (b) high-grade PGE mineralization (up to 12 g/t Pt + Pd + Au) associated with small bodies and veins of nickel massive sulfide within harzburgite below PGE-bearing reefs and chromitite seams; (c) low-grade PGE mineralization (0.1–0.5 g/t Pt + Pd + Au) associated with a sulfide-mineralized harzburgite unit above the PGE-bearing reefs; (d) laterite style residual PGE mineralization (0.2–4 g/t Pt + Pd + Au) associated with chromite concentrations in the saprolite and overlying red clay horizons of the laterite regolith; and (e) supergene Ni associated with the saprock and overlying saprolite clay.Mineralogical study of three samples from the PGE reef consisting of high grade PGE chromitite and harzburgite indicate that this mineralization will give a good metallurgical response to conventional grinding and floatation due to the relatively coarse-grained nature of the PGM (P80 from ∼37 to 52 µm), association with base metal sulfides, and unaltered gangue minerals (Wilhelmij and Cabri, 2016). In contrast, mineralogical and metallurgical study of the Ni and PGE mineralized laterite indicate that it cannot be processed using conventional mineral processing techniques but that a hydrometallurgical route should be used to recover the base and precious metals. Because any process is very much deposit-controlled, significant metallurgical and geometallurgical testing of mineralized samples, as well as pilot plant testing, will be required to arrive at feasibility studies.     

曹岘黄土和小良山红土剖面磁化率解释机制的差异

磁化率因其磁测方法快捷、简便和没有破坏性的优点,作为一种研究手段以利用环境物质的磁性来恢复古环境,分析磁性矿物在环境系统中的迁移、转化和组合规律等方面,得到了快速而广泛的应用,取得了一系列研究成果。事实上影响沉积物磁化率的因素是多种多样的,因此在具体应用磁化率分析古环境上要持慎重态度,并结合其他实验结果进行解释,尤其要注意沉积类型的差别对解释磁化率结果的影响。为进一步分析磁化率对古环境的指示意义,本文选取黄土和红土两种沉积类型进行磁化率测试,了解不同类型沉积物的磁化率指示意义,为正确解析磁化率提供依据。     

缅甸莫苇塘红土型镍矿矿物学特征

莫苇塘红土型镍矿分为土状矿和岩状矿,矿物成分基本相同,但量上有差异。矿石主要由蛇纹石类硅酸盐矿物和褐铁矿、赤铁矿等氧化物、氢氧化物矿物组成,有用组份镍主要赋存于硅酸盐类矿物和氧化物、氢氧化物类矿物中。     

红土镍矿化学成分的相关性探析

红土镍矿进口量大、成分复杂、差异性大。为全面了解红土镍矿中各化学成分的相关性,以日照港为主,连云港、天津港为辅,从2013年1月—12月,按进港量多少,每月抽取11~25个样本,共228个。通过元素分析,检出主要元素19个,逐对分析相关性。发现地质作用造成的多元素共生关系,也有外部环境风化淋滤后的弱相关、不相关,甚至有风化淋滤过程中形成的强相关。     

ICP-AES法同时测定红土型镍矿中镍、钴、铁、镁研究

通过选择分析谱线、处理样品方法和消除干扰因素等实验,建立ICP-AES法同时测定红土型镍矿中镍、钴、铁、镁4种元素的方法,解决利用常规化学法测定步骤繁琐,分析周期长,工作量大等问题,方法回收率为99.2%-105%,精密度（RSDn=10）为0.42%-3.89%。