陕西岚皋地区早志留世滔河口组的厘定及其意义

陕西南部北大巴山地区早志留世滔河口组碱基性火山岩，分布层位稳定，岩性标志特征。根据火山岩岩石类型和地层学以及古生物组合特征对其岩石地层单位重新进行了厘定，研究了火山岩的成因，探讨了火山岩形成的机制和构造环境。     

陕南岚皋县柳家坡滑坡形成机制研究

柳家坡滑坡位于陕西岚皋县城北,属松散坡积物类滑坡。滑体为粘质砾砂土,渗透性差,受动水压力作用易发生流土;滑床为泥板岩和片岩。滑体和滑床工程地质性质差异明显,二者界面为滑体下滑的主滑面。该滑坡为一古滑坡,曾多次发生变形滑动,2003年在连续强降雨和坡脚切坡等因素诱发下重新活动,目前处于欠稳定状态,若遇强降雨仍有可能发生整体失稳。对陕西南秦岭区域滑坡调查表明无论是滑坡类型,还是滑坡体物质组成及变形规律,柳家坡滑坡在陕南都具有一定的代表性。     

岚皋绿色辉石捕虏体矿物学及其地质意义

产于扬子板块北缘岚皋县境内的早古生代镁铁－超镁铁质煌斑杂岩中的绿色辉石捕虏晶及捕虏体，按其岩相学及化学成分可分成三种类型，它们是同一种岩浆在不同深度结晶分异的结果。绿色辉石岩系列是早古生代大陆边缘裂谷中超碱质基性岩浆活动的产物。同寄主煌斑杂岩的初始岩浆（煌斑岩浆）一样，是于裂谷作用不同阶段由交代富集的亏损地幔部分熔融所形成。     

Features of the Early Palaeozoic Mantle beneath Langao County and Its Formation Mechanism

Phlogopite-amphibole pyroxenite xenoliths contained in an Early Palaeozoic alkali subvolcanic lam-prophyre complex in Langao County, Shaanxi Province, are metasomatized mantle xenoliths, composed mainly of clinopyroxene, amphibole, phlogopite, apatite, pervoskite, ilmenite and sphene with well-developed subsolidus metamorphism-deformation textures, such as "triple points" and "cataclastic boundaries" . Minerological studies indicate that clinopyroxene is rich in SiO2 and MgO and poor in TiO2 and Al2O3, which is notably different from magmatogenic deep-seated megacrysts and phenocrysts formed in the range of mantle pressure. Amphibole and phlogopite have the compositional feature of mantle-derived amphibole and phlogopite. Sm-Nd isotope studies suggest that the metasomatized mantle beneath Langao County is the product of metasomatism of primitive mantle by melt (fluid) derived from the mantle plume, and the mantle metasomatism occurred 650 Ma ago. The process of mantle metasomatism changed from mantle me     

岚皋金云角闪辉石岩类捕虏体：地幔交代作用的证据

产于陕西岚皋地区碱质基性－超基性潜火山杂岩中的金云角闪辉石岩类捕虏体，主要由透辉石、富钛韭闪石、金云母、磷灰石、榍石、及钛铁矿组成。捕虏体发育三联晶、碎裂边、肯克变形等固相线下变形变质结构，矿物学特征表明，透辉石、富钛韭闪石、金云母为地幔来源，是地幔交代作用的产物；与正常地幔尖晶石二辉橄榄岩相比，捕虏体富ＴｉＯ２、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ、Ｎａ２Ｏ、Ｋ２Ｏ，贫ＭｇＯ，其稀土元素具富集特征，尤其富集ＬＲＥＥ；微量元素分配型式显示了富亲石不相容元素的特征。岩相学、矿物学及岩石化学特征表明：该类捕虏体为交代地幔捕虏体，它代表了北大巴山早古生代裂谷作用时期的异常地幔，是地幔交代作用的产物。交代营力可能源于地幔热缕的上升，交代过程推测为深处小范围的流体交代及随后硅酸岩熔体的“弥散”性交代     

岚皋早古生代碱质煌斑杂岩地球化学特征及成因探讨

岚皋碱质煌斑杂岩主量元素呈规律性演化，REE球粒陨石标准化配分型式呈强右倾型，富集不相容元素。岩石主元素和微量元素地球化学特征表明，煌斑岩浆在演化过程中存在2个平行的结晶分异演化趋势，岩浆演化过程中受地壳混染的程度很小。LREE、不相容元素的强烈富集及Dy／Yb、La／Yb、Zr／Sm、Ce／Y等微量元素的质量分数比值变化表明，煌斑杂岩不可能由尖晶石或石榴石二辉橄榄岩、含角闪石的尖晶石或石榴石二辉橄榄岩的部分熔融形成，它的源区应为含金云母和单斜辉石的交代地幔。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素结果显示，煌斑岩浆源区的地幔主要为HIMU端元组分。地幔柱的活动与煌斑岩浆的起源密切相关，并制约了其源区的地幔交代作用。     

岚皋碱性镁铁-超镁铁质潜火山杂岩中金云角闪辉石岩类地幔捕虏体矿物学特征

金云角闪辉石岩类捕虏体产于扬子板块北缘岚皋县境的早古生代碱性镁铁质-超镁铁质潜火山杂岩中,它们的典型矿物组成为单斜辉石、角闪石、金云母、磷灰石和钛铁矿。捕虏体岩石具粗-细粒等粒结构、板状等粒结构、三联点结构、碎裂结构和肯克带结构,交代结构十分发育。岩石产状、结构和矿物成分特征研究表明,金云角闪辉石岩类捕虏体是地幔交代作用产物,可能代表了该区碱性镁铁质-超镁铁质潜火山杂岩的源区岩石。     

柳家坡滑坡群调研及其成因分析

本文在对岚皋县柳家坡滑坡群进行野外调研的基础上,论述和分析了该滑坡群的自然地质环境、工程地质特征及形成滑坡的主要因素。文章认为,因有构成河流阶地基座的软弱的千枚糜棱岩充当滑床和在滑床与滑体间有充分起润滑作用的水的供给,是柳家坡滑坡产生的根本原因。本章最后还对滑坡群的防护和治理措施提出了看法和意见。     

Phlogopite-Amphibole-Pyroxenite Xenoliths in Langao,Shaanxi Province,China:evidence for Mantle Metasomatism

Phlogopite-amphibole-pyroxenite xenoliths contained in the alkali basic-ultrabasic subvolcanic complex in Langao, Shaanxi Province, are composed of diopside, Ti-rich pargasite, phlogopite apatite, sphene and ilmenite, which have subsolidus metamorphism-deformation textures such as triple-points, cataclastic boundaries and kink-bands. Mineral chemical characteristics show that the diposide, Ti-rich paragasite and phlogopite are derived from the mantle and are the products of mantle metasomatism. Compared with normal mantle-derived spinel-lherzolites, the xenoliths are enriched in TiO₂, Fe₂O₃, CaO, Na₂O and K₂O, with apparent depletion in MgO. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns and primordial-mantle normalized trace elements data show that they are enriched in REE (especially LREE) and incompatible trace elements. The petrographic, mineralogical and petrochemical characteristics indicate that the xenoliths are metasomatized mantle xenoliths, which offers the evidence for mantle metasomatism and represents the anomalous mantle beneath the Early Paleozoic rift in northern Daba Mountains. The agents of mantle metasomatism are probably derived from the rising of mantle hot plumes. The processes of metasomatism varied from limited-range fluid metasomatism in deep mantle (>90 km) to pervasive metasomatism of silicate melt. This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 49402035).     

堆积层-基岩接触面滑坡的形成机理——以祖师庙滑坡为例

为了研究堆积层-基岩接触面滑坡的形成机理,以陕西省岚皋县广泛分布的堆积层-基岩接触面滑坡为研究对象,采用野外调查和数理统计的方法,总结了该类型滑坡的基本特征,并以祖师庙滑坡为例,借助室内试验和数值模拟手段,研究了堆积层-基岩接触面滑坡的形成机理。结果表明:1)堆积层-基岩接触面滑坡主要发育在坡度为20°~40°、下伏基岩为碎裂状结构的斜坡,多为浅表层滑坡;2)碎石土和堆积层-基岩接触面的内摩擦角随含水量增大而降低,堆积层-基岩接触面是斜坡变形破坏的软弱结构面;3)细颗粒物质的增加降低了堆积层-基岩接触面的内摩擦角,且细颗粒粒径越小,内摩擦角也越小,在饱和状态下降幅度越大;4)因细颗粒物质在堆积层-基岩接触面处聚集造成的强度降低和因水文地质条件改变造成的滑带土饱和是祖师庙滑坡主要的诱发因素。研究结果对揭示堆积层-基岩接触面滑坡的形成机理和地质灾害防治具有一定的指导意义。