综合物探法在砂岩型铀矿中深部找矿中的实践与分析——以新疆昭苏盆地为例

为了探查新疆昭苏盆地砂岩型铀矿的异常信息,选择可控源音频大地电磁测量、高精度磁测和土壤氡气测量三种物探方法,并简要介绍各方法的工作原理。通过分析昭苏盆地的地质特征、物性特征和本区的找矿难点,对昭苏盆地综合物探数据所蕴含的信息进行地质-物探综合解译。实践证明:可控源音频大地电磁测量对低阻和高阻体均有良好的电性响应,可以划分地层、推断断裂构造;高精度磁测可以推断氧化还原界面,辅助解释断裂构造;土壤氡气测量可辅助解释断裂构造,对地下铀矿体有指示作用,三种方法的技术特性相互补充,提高了物探解释的准确性。突破了伊犁盆地以往600 m的找矿深度,并以电性稳定的中阻厚层、磁测异常、氡异常偏高晕和峰-谷状曲线作为预测标志,解决了深埋藏条件下赋矿地质体的圈定难点,在昭苏盆地砂岩型铀矿中、深部找矿工作中取得了良好的效果。     

数字影像中角点与直线的高精度定位算子

本文在分析现有数定影像定位算子的基础上，提出了精确定位数字影像中角点与直线的高精度定位算子。这种算子通过精确定组成角点的两条直线，从而精确定位角点。实验表明，新的定位算子有很高的定位精度，在理想情况下，新定位算子的精度可达０．０２像素，最后，客种算子被用于数字影像的相对定向，取得了令人满意的结果。     

物探方法在谢坑矽卡岩型金铜矿勘查中的应用效果

在青海省循化县谢坑矽卡岩型金铜矿勘查中，利用激电异常结合高精度磁测异常确定了矿化体的位置、规模、产状，取得了显著的探矿效果。     

高精度磁测在山西省繁峙吐楼铁矿区勘探中的应用

该文阐述了高精度磁测工作在山西省繁峙吐楼铁矿区的应用,其高精度磁测目的是查清异常分布,查找隐伏铁矿体,圈定铁矿体分布范围、矿体位置、形态、大小、产状、边界等几何特征及查明矿区地质特征,根据现有探采工程揭露控制,初步估算了铁矿石资源量。     

Repeating aftershocks of the great 2004 Sumatra and 2005 Nias earthquakes

We investigate repeating aftershocks associated with the great 2004 Sumatra–Andaman (Mw 9.2) and 2005 Nias–Simeulue (Mw 8.6) earthquakes by cross-correlating waveforms recorded by the regional seismographic station PSI and teleseismic stations. We identify 10 and 18 correlated aftershock sequences associated with the great 2004 Sumatra and 2005 Nias earthquakes, respectively. The majority of the correlated aftershock sequences are located near the down-dip end of a large afterslip patch. We determine the precise relative locations of event pairs among these sequences and estimate the source rupture areas. The correlated event pairs identified are appropriately referred to as repeating aftershocks, in that the source rupture areas are comparable and significantly overlap within a sequence. We use the repeating aftershocks to estimate afterslip based on the slip-seismic moment scaling relationship and to infer the temporal decay rate of the recurrence interval. The estimated afterslip resembles that measured from the near-field geodetic data to the first order. The decay rate of repeating aftershocks as a function of lapse time t follows a power-law decay 1/t^p with the exponent p in the range 0.8–1.1. Both types of observations indicate that repeating aftershocks are governed by post-seismic afterslip.     

综合物探方法在新疆某铜矿区中的应用探讨

介绍了综合物探方法在富蕴县某矿区寻找隐伏矿体的应用.在地质勘查基础上,利用地面高精度磁法,大功率激电中梯和激电测深等物探手段进行隐伏矿体预测,在工作区内发现与成矿有关的地球物理异常,经钻探验证效果较好,说明该综合物探评价体系在此铜矿区应用很成功,显示其快速、高效和实用等优点.     

伊犁盆地中部航磁异常特征与构造的关系

本文根据航磁、重力资料的研究和分析,对伊犁盆地中部基底结构及起伏变化、构造特征提出了一些看法,并从地球物理场特征进行了阐述,尤其对盆地西部二叠系的厚度及分布范围进行了确定,这对今后以此为目的层进行油气勘探提供了依据。同时根据盆地的演化,对盖层的发育特点进行了探讨。     

Influence of resonances on the phase and the group refractive indices of air

The Barrell and Sears and Edlen formulae use the Sellmeier form away from resonances, which gives a “smooth” dependence within the visible and near-infrared spectra. All known atlases indicate numerous resonances in these regions, which cause local disturbance of the dispersion curve. Anomalous dispersion may be estimated from an absorption by the Kramer-Kronig ratios. It gives a change of phase refractive index of air in a range from several ppt to 1 ppb within narrow optical regions, causing large local dispersions. Computation of the group refractive index with the use of Rayleigh's ratio shows that the influence of resonance effects may be more than several ppm. For example, the error of the group refractive index for high-precision EDM using HeNe lasers (633 nm) varies between 0.2 and 0.7 ppm, depending on the laser stability. Received: 17 July 1996 / Accepted: 27 March 1997     

皖14井水温响应机理浅析

通过巢湖皖14井高精度水温观测环境及数字化改造以来的观测资料,分析不同深度(-160m、-195m)处水温变化特征。以2012年4月11日印尼8.6级地震为例,巢湖皖14井水温同震响应所获得的数据为分析基础,利用Ansys中的热分析模型进行数值模拟,研究了同震响应过程中井孔系统水温度变化与热量传递间的关系及机理。模拟结果显示:水温数值模拟曲线与实际测量数据曲线一致,该井水温同震响应表现为下降特征,主要是热对流所致。     

Seismic fine imaging and its significance for natural gas hydrate exploration in the Shenhu Test Area,South China Sea

Shenhu area in South China Sea includes extensive collapse and diapir structures, forming high-angle faults and vertical fracture system, which functions as a fluid migration channel for gas hydrate formation. In order to improve the imaging precision of natural gas hydrate in this area, especially for fault and fracture structures, the present work propose a velocity stitching technique that accelerates effectively the convergence of the shallow seafloor, indicating seafloor horizon interpretation and the initial interval velocity for model building. In the depth domain, pre-stack depth migration and residual curvature are built into the model based on high-precision grid-tomography velocity inversion, after several rounds of tomographic iterations, as the residual velocity field converges gradually. Test results of the Shenhu area show that the imaging precision of the fault zone is obviously improved, the fracture structures appear more clearly, the wave group characteristics significantly change for the better and the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution are improved. These improvements provide the necessary basis for the new reservoir model and field drilling risk tips, help optimize the favorable drilling target, and are crucial for the natural gas resource potential evaluation.