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Immature Torbanite and the resistant biopolymer (PRB A) isolated from extant B. braunii were previously compared using bulk spectroscopic methods. In the present work, analysis of 400°C pyrolysis products and pyrolysis residues provided further information on their structure and possible relationships. It appears that such polymers are based upon unbranched, saturated, cross-linked hydrocarbon chains up to C31. In addition to these bridging structures, a substantial part of the alkyl chains is singly bound, as esters of unbranched, saturated or cis unsaturated, even fatty acids. These esters are sterically protected, against chemical degradations, by the network of the bioand geopolymer.Quantitative and qualitative observations derived from 400°C pyrolysis confirm that the chemical structure of PRB A and immature Torbanite are closely related. The pyrolysis residues show a similar evolution and numerous common features are noted, with respect to the nature and the distribution of the major constituents of the pyrolysates (hydrocarbons and fatty acids). Accordingly, Botryococcus provides what seems to be the first example of a close structural relationship between a biopolymer produced in large amounts by an extant alga and the geopolymer of an immature kerogen. The essential role of PRB A in Torbanite formation is ascertained. Moreover, it is found that the resistant biopolymer does not undergo important structural changes during the first stages of diagenesis. Thus, owing to steric protection, the esters of immature Torbanite show a distribution quite close to the one of PRB A esters, with exclusively even constituents and a large contribution of unsaturated acids.Recent observations pointed to the possible genesis of some algal kerogens principally by selective preservation of resistant macromolecules. Such a type of formation is clearly predominant in Torbanite, where the bulk of the fossil organic matter corresponds to a selectively preserved and weakly altered, resistant biopolymer, while incorporation of lipids into the kerogen structure during diagenesis seems to play a minor role. 相似文献
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Jin-Zhao Yuan 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2011,(10)
The multicolor photometric observations of the neglected eclipsing binary FT Ursae Majoris (FT UMa) were obtained in 2010. The 2003 version of the Wilson-Devinney code was used to analyze the light curves in the B, V and R bands simultaneously. Based on the spectroscopic mass ratio q = 0.984 published by Pribulla et al., it is found that FT UMa is an evolved contact binary with a contact degree of 15.3%. The low amplitude of light variations, ~ 0.15 mag, arises mainly from a moderately low inclination angle... 相似文献
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红河断裂带中南段断层活动转换构造岩特征及应力场演化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对红河断裂带中南段18个糜棱岩、12个角砾岩、10个碎裂岩和8个砂砾岩详细的显微结构观察,部分典型样品的磷灰石裂变径迹(FT)测年及利用断层滑动资料反演构造应力张量的方法,获得了红河断裂带中南段断层活动转换过程微观特征的变化:断层岩为糜棱岩的微结构特征显示红河断裂带早期断层活动为左旋走滑,糜棱岩和未变形的砂砾岩FT年龄均大于20 Ma,表明这期间红河断裂带曾发生过一次构造热事件.断层岩为碎裂岩和角砾岩的微结构特征显示红河断裂带后期断层活动为右旋走滑.微结构特征不同的碎裂岩和角砾岩的FT年龄可分为3个时段(9.9~12.7 Ma、6.8~8.4 Ma、2.0~4.6 Ma),测年结果和应力场特征表明红河断裂带中新世以来曾发生过3次断层错动事件,且第1次事件应力结构为走滑型,第2、3次事件应力结构为正断型. 相似文献
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CHEN Gang SUN JianBo ZHOU LiFa ZHANG HuiRuo LI XiangPing WANG ZhiWei 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(Z2):133-143
Based on the analysis of apatite and zircon fission track (FT), the FT age distribution and the peck-ages of the Mesozoic tectonic events in the southwest margin of the Ordos Basin (OB) were discussed. (1) The early event mainly occurred at 213-194 Ma with a peck-age of 205 Ma, and corresponded to the tectonic uplift and the mega-clastic deposit in the southwest OB during the Late Triassic. (2) The middle event included at least two episodes. One was at 165-141 Ma with a peck-age of 150 Ma, and the other was at 115-113 Ma with a peck-age of 114 Ma, corresponding to the over-thrusting and the mega- clastic deposits in the southwest OB during the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. (3) The late event mainly demonstrated the regional uplifting and included at least two episodes. One was at 100-81 Ma with a peck-age of 90 Ma, and the other was at 66-59 Ma with a peck-age of 63 Ma. Additionally, the relationship analysis of the tectonic event and the mineralizing chronology revealed that the extreme environment of the peck-age event and the subsequent moderate activity could be the key factors of the multiple resources coupling and coexistence in the OB. 相似文献
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Use of magnetic measures to assess soil redistribution following deforestation in hilly region 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Parisa Mokhtari Karchegani Shamsollah Ayoubi Sheng Gao Lu Naser Honarju 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,75(2):227-236
Limited information is available about the use of magnetic susceptibility property to determine soil redistribution in hilly areas of the semi-arid regions. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of magnetic properties to determine soil redistribution along a hill slope following deforestation. The study area is located in the Quaternary hilly region of Lordegan district in west Iran. Ten transects were established in two land uses that included natural Querqus forested and cultivated lands. Soil samples were collected at different positions along the slope and magnetic properties (χlf, χhf, SIRM, ARM, and χfd) and selected physico-chemical properties were determined. The results (based on the χfd, SIRM/ARM) showed that the magnetic susceptibly in the calcareous materials is pre-dominantly derived during the pedogenic processes and the superparamagnetic particles which were transported to lower positions of hill slope following deforestation. The results confirmed that this methodology could be applied for monitoring soil redistribution along the slope in calcareous hilly areas in the semi-arid regions. 相似文献
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YAN Yi LIN Ge XIA Bin LI Zi''an LI Zhongcheng Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Wushan Guangzhou Guangdong Jidong Oil Gas Administration Tangshan Hebei 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(2):254-263
1 IntroductionThe Yan-Liao orogenic belt lies in the northern segmentof the North China Block (NCB) (Fig. 1). During Mesozoicto Cenozoic time, it experienced intense tectono-magmaticactivation, accompanied by the formation ofintracontinental basins and widespread magmatism and is avery important area to study continental dynamics andMeso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution in eastern China. Mostof previous work in this area has focused on the formationof basement, structural style and volcano-se… 相似文献
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C. I. Sainz-Díaz J. Cuadros A. Hernández-Laguna 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2001,28(7):445-454
An inverse Monte Carlo (MC) method was developed to determine the distribution of octahedral cations (Al3+, Fe3+, and Mg2+) in bentonite illite–smectite (I–S) samples (dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates) using FT–IR and 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopies. FT–IR allows determination of the nature and proportion of different cation pairs bound to OH groups measuring the intensities of OH-bending bands. 27Al MAS NMR data provide information about cation configuration because 27Al MAS NMR intensity depends on Fe distribution. MC calculations based on FT–IR data alone show Fe segregation by short-range ordering (Fe clusters within 9 to 15?Å from a given Fe atom). Fe segregation increases with illite proportion. MC calculations based on IR and 27Al NMR simultaneously yield similar configurations in which Fe clusters are smaller. The latter calculations fail to build appropriate cation distributions for those samples with higher number of illite layers and significant Fe content, which is indicative of long-range Fe ordering that cannot be detected by FT–IR and 27Al MAS NMR. The proportion of Mg–Mg pairs is negligible in all samples, and calculations, in which the number of Mg atoms, as second neighbours, is minimised, create appropriate configurations. 相似文献
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裂变径迹是一种重要的低温热年代学测年方法,目前被广泛应用于岩体冷却年龄测试及各种构造演化热历史等的研究.该方法主要包括传统的外探测器法和近年来新开发的激光-电感耦合等离子质谱法(LA-ICP-MS/FT).由于传统的外探测器法一直受限于国内反应堆中子热化不充分、辐照周期长以及辐照带来的环境安全等问题,无法有效、快速地获得数据.相反, LA-ICP-MS/FT法的建立和应用不仅避免了因中子热化不充分、热中子分布不均带入的误差而提高了测年精度,而且还极大地提高了测试效率,缩短了解决科学问题的时间.通过对近年来新建立的裂变径迹LA-ICP-MS/FT法的测年基本原理和方法、实验步骤、常用年龄值和裂变径迹退火等的详细介绍,综述了该方法在相关应用方面的研究进展,并与传统的外探测器法进行了详细的对比.最后综述了LA-ICP-MS/FT法在造山带冷却隆升历史、沉积盆地分析、盆-山耦合系统分析、断裂活动、成矿时代和矿体保存等多方面的应用. 相似文献