我国新亚欧大陆桥沿线地区机电工业发展研究

机电工业作为产业带建设中的主导产业之一,在产业结构高级化中的作用越来越大,对国民经济的带动作用也越来越明显。文章分析了知地区发展机条件和方向,论述了沿桥地区以大城市为依托的５个各有色特色的机电工业基地,并对沿桥机电工业的发展提出了建议。     

欧洲边境区合作模式探析——以上莱茵边境区为例

边境区研究是政治地理学的重要组成部分。经济全球化和区域集团化趋势为边境区合作创造了良好的机遇,边境区合作研究也日益成为区域经济学的一门新分支。欧洲国家通过其悠久的合作传统在边境区合作研究方面积累了丰富的理论和实践经验。在欧洲所有的边境区合作中,上莱茵地区一直被认为是最成功的案例。本文从上莱茵边境区合作的发展历史入手,着重分析其组织机构设置和运行经验,试图为我国边境区合作提供有益的启示。     

The geo-politics of Brexit,the euro and the City of London

In this review, we call for more engagement with the geo-political dimension of the finance economy that epitomises the 21st-century capitalist order within the European Union. Using the example of financial clearing and settlement, key processes in global trade and finance mechanisms in which London leads the world, we discuss the entangled political and economic dimensions in the shadow of Brexit to come, and its potential impact on the City’s complex financial ecosystem. The aim here is not to consult the crystal ball and predict London’s future as a financial centre. Yet, euro clearing is of geo-political relevance: if the UK leaves the EU, euro clearing would be taking place outside of the ECB’s regulatory space of intervention. This can become highly problematic, as the nominal euro sums involved in a major crisis are immense. We believe that these processes illustrate the pressing need to engage with finance’s geo-economics and geo-politics in more depth, both empirically and conceptually.     

欧盟地区环境地质科学研究现状、战略及启示

欧盟是世界环境保护与可持续发展的主要倡导者和推动者,在环境地质科学研究方面积累了大量先进的理念、经验和做法。在论述欧盟环境管理基本理念的基础上,从填图、监测、机理研究3个方面分析了欧盟地区环境地质调查和科学研究工作现状,概括总结了其在环境地质领域的科学发展战略重点,梳理出各成员国地质调查机构从传统地质调查工作向服务生态管理的现代地质调查工作转变的发展路线。在此基础上,提出了对中国环境地质调查和研究工作的启示:加强地质环境生态服务功能评估;加强统一的地质环境监测体系建设;开展地球关键带三维地质调查与监测;加强地质环境事件快速响应基础研究。     

Complexity‐reduction modelling for assessing the macro‐scale patterns of historical soil moisture in the Euro‐Mediterranean region

Complexity‐reduction modelling can be useful for increasing the understanding of how the climate affects basin soil moisture response upon historical times not covered by detailed hydrological data. For this purpose, here is presented and assessed an empirical regression‐based model, the European Soil Moisture Empirical Downscaling (ESMED), in which different climatic variables, easily available on the web, are addressed for simplifying the inherent complexity in the long‐time studies. To accommodate this simplification, the Palmer Drought Severity Index, the precipitation, the elevation and the geographical location were used as input data in the ESMED model for predicting annual soil moisture budget. The test area was a large region including central Europe and Mediterranean countries, and the spatial resolution was initially set at 50 km. ESMED model calibration was made according to the soil moisture values retrieved from the Terrestrial Water Budget Data archive by selecting randomly 285 grid points (out of 2606). Once parameterized, ESMED model was performed at validation stage both spatially and temporally. The spatial validation was made for the grid points not selected in the calibration stage while the comparison with the soil moisture outputs of the Global Land Data Assimilation System–NOAH10 simulations upon the period 1950–2010 was carried out for the temporal validation. Moreover, ESMED results were found to be in good agreement with a root‐zone soil moisture product obtained from active and passive microwave sensors from various satellite missions. ESMED model was thus found to be reliable for both the temporal and spatial validations and, hence, it might represent a useful tool to characterize the long‐term dynamics of soil moisture–weather interaction. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.