河北大麻坪宝石级橄榄石物理化学性质及成因

对河北大麻坪宝石级橄榄石物理化学及宝石学特征进行研究后，初步提出矿床成因模式，对于相似地区的碱性玄武岩地区的橄榄石宝石矿床的勘探有指导意义。     

大麻坪橄榄石冲击波实验研究与高压态物态方程参数的确定

利用冲击波进行的动高压实验对研究超高压下的物质性质也是十分有效的.本文报告了对大麻坪采集的橄榄石进行压力在10~45GPa范围的冲击波动高压实验结果.结合前人等温冷压实验结果,确定了实验过程的温度,对于冲击波实验压力从10GPa变化到30GPa时,温度在摄氏几十度到摄氏800多度之间.测量了岩石超高压下密度变化,在3.627~4.009g·cm~(-3)之间.通过回收实验和确定的温度,表明小于30GPa压力实验条件下,没有发生相变过程.同时也确定了状态方程的参数.最后,指出了实验结果在上地幔地球内部物质运动过程的含义,即冷板块中的亚临界橄榄岩可以存在地幔转换带中.     

K‐ and Si‐rich glasses in harzburgite from Damaping,north China

A study of potassium‐ and silica‐rich glass (SiO₂ = 65.3–67.4%, K₂O = 7.1–9.8%, Na₂O = 4.4–6.5%) in spongy clinopyroxene rims from anhydrous spinel harzburgite, collected from Damaping (Hannuoba, north China), is reported here. The corroded surface of clinopyroxene along with clear chemical zonation (homogeneous core and partially melted rim) suggests that incongruent melting of primary clinopyroxene is responsible for generating the Si‐rich glass in clinopyroxene rims. The degree of clinopyroxene melting is estimated to be higher than 15%. In order to generate glass with K₂O contents of 7.0 to 9.8% by clinopyroxene melting at a degree of 15% in a closed system, K₂O contents in the primary clinopyroxene should be greater than 1.0 wt%, suggesting a very deep origin for the Damaping harzburgite.     

幔源矿物中H2赋存状态的初步研究

在帽源矿物的流体组分中含有一定数量的H2，这些H2在地球演化过程及幔动力体系中起着十分重要的作用，其在幔源矿物中的赋存状态具重要的研究价值。本文用真空分步加热质谱法测定了河北大麻坪幔源二辉橄槛岩捕虏体中橄榄石、斜方辉石和单斜辉石中H2的释放量，根据其与样品破碎粒度、加热温度及挥发份总量间的关系，辅以红外吸收光谱，认为幔源矿物中H2的赋存状态以气液包裹体（特别是早期气液包裹体）为主，矿物结构中OH的比例相对较少。     

Helium and argon isotopes in spinel lherzolite from Damaping, northern Zhangjiakou

Spinel lherzolite found in Damaping, northern Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province occurs as xenoliths in the Hannuoba basalts that consist of alkali basalt and tholeiite. Spinel lherzolites contain 50%–70% olivine (Fo: 90%), 10%–20% clinopyroxene (predominantly Di), 10%–30% orthopyroxene (predominantly En), and less than 5% spinel.³He/⁴He and⁴⁰Ar/³⁸Ar ratios in the olivine are 7.56×10⁻⁷ and 299.1, respectively.³He/⁴He and⁴⁰Ar/³⁸Ar ratios in the orthopyroxene (enstatite) are 9.1×10⁻⁷ and 307, respectively. Olivine grains are fractured irregularly, and pyroxene grains characterized by well developed cleavages, which would have resulted from explosion during the rapid eruption of lava from the deep interior to the surface. The lower isotope ratios of helium and argon may indicate that the spinel lherzolite xenoliths were derived from the strongly degassed and depleted upper mantle, and that the mantle is inhomogeneous.³He losses to some extent might affect the helium isotope ratios. The project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 49273185).