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1.
R. K. Pant N. Basavaiah N. Juyal N. K. Saini M. G. Yadava E. Appel A. K. Singhvi 《第四纪科学杂志》2005,20(5):485-492
The southwest monsoon that dominated Central Himalaya has preserved loessic silt deposits preserved in patches that are proximal to periglacial areas. The occurrence of such silts suggests contemporary prevalence of cold and dry northwesterly winds. Field stratigraphy, geochemistry, mineral magnetism, infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) and radiocarbon dating has enabled reconstruction of an event chronology during the past 20 ka. Three events of loess accretion could be identified. The first two events of loess deposition occurred betweem 20 and 9 ka and were separated by a phase of moderate weathering. Pedogenesis at the end of this event gave rise to a well‐developed soil that was bracketed around 9 to > 4 ka. This was followed by the third phase of loess accretion that occurred around 4 to > 1 ka. Episodes of loess deposition and soil formation are interpreted in terms of changes in the strength of the Indian southwest monsoon. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
Gregory P. Marchildon Suren Kulshreshtha Elaine Wheaton Dave Sauchyn 《Natural Hazards》2008,45(3):391-411
Agriculture in the southern Great Plains of Canada has been particularly vulnerable to prolonged episodes of drought. Using
climate data and a precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration index, the extent of the region’s exposure to drought
is examined. Between 1914 and 1917, the Dry Belt was particularly vulnerable to drought, whereas after 1928, a much larger
region known as the Palliser Triangle covering most of southern Alberta and Saskatchewan was much more exposed to drought.
These droughts provoked major institutional adaptation, in particular the establishment of the Special Areas Board by the
Government of Alberta, and the creation of the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration by the Government of Canada. Both
organizations have proved to be relatively permanent public adaptations to the natural hazard of drought in the region. Moreover,
these earlier experiences with prolonged drought as well as institution-building may be of value in helping the residents
of the Palliser Triangle adapt to predicted climate changes in the future as well as anticipate some of the barriers to effective
institutional adaptation. 相似文献
3.
应用车贝雪夫多项式分析过渡季节(6—7月)澳大利亚冷高压与赤道辐合带的关系,得出了对赤道辐合带北移的主要形势以及过程演变特征,最后用合成方法得到它的演变概念模式,为赤道辐合带的北移影响西太平洋及南海地区提供了中期预报的依据。 相似文献
4.
5.
南海南部晚中新世的放射虫及其环境探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
南海是东亚古季风产物的主要沉积盆地,保存着比陆地更加完整和连续的沉积记录。详细分析了ODP1143号钻井晚中新世的放射虫化石群,主要根据标志种Diartus petterssoni,D.hughesi和Stichocorys delmontensis等的分布特征,分别建立了南海南部晚中新世的RN6,RN7和RN8等3个放射虫化石带,并讨论了其地层年龄。探讨了以地层中放射虫的丰度变化特征等在南海南部作为东亚古夏季风活动替代性指标的可能性,初步说明东亚古夏季风可能早于8.7Ma B.P.出现,约在8.24Ma B.P.强化达到高峰,认为与印度季风的出现几乎同步或略早。 相似文献
6.
Chemical fluxes of Asian rivers into oceans bear different regional variations. Three zones are characteristic of distinct dissolved sediment loads and yields and ionic concentration.Rivers into oceans in China play an important role in Asia because of their different chemical fluxes, among which those draining the Loess Plateau have high ionic concentration, low water discharges and dissolved sediment loads and yields.Climate, vegetation, soil and strata lithology, chemical weathering intensity and tectonic activity dominate chemical fluxes of Asian rivers into oceans, and different factors have different effects on the chemical fluxes of separate regional rivers. Rising of the Tibet Plateau also exerts an important influence on chemical compositions of rivers originating from it. 相似文献
7.
This paper describes the spatial and functional evolution of a central place system as market conditions change with population growth. Utilizing a partial equilibrium optimization model, we examine the spatial response of two economic sectors to increases in market populations resulting from natural increase and migration. Response in both sectors is conditioned by threshold demand, with factor prices also affecting one of the sectors. As the central place system evolves it exhibits spatial and functional characteristics that are initially consistent with a Löschian landscape, then a Christallerian landscape at higher populations, while at even larger populations Krugman’s landscape emerges. 相似文献
8.
The Anzishan ophiolite, a typical ophiolitic block of early Carboniferous age in the Mian-Lue suture zone of the Qinling Mountains, central China, consists of amphibolites/metabasalts, gabbros and gabbroic cumulates. All of these rocks, as well as those in the Hunshuiguan-Zhuangke (HZ) block, have compositions similar to normal MORB and back-arc basin basalts (BABB) with high εNd(t) values, indicating that they were derived from a depleted mantle source. The Mian-Lue suture zone also contains blocks of other lithologies, e.g., rift volcanic rocks in the Heigouxia block and arc volcanic rocks in the Sanchazi block. Although they are in fault contact with each other, the presence of these different blocks in the Mian-Lue suture zone may represent a complete Wilson cycle, from initial rifting to open ocean basin to final subduction and continent-continent collision, during the late Paleozoic-early Triassic. In this region, the North and South China Cratons were separated by Paleo-Tethys at least until the early Carboniferous, and final amalgamation of both cratons along the Qinling orogenic belt took place in the Triassic. 相似文献
9.
Stéphanie Brichau Jean-Patrick Respaut Patrick Monié 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2008,97(4):725-738
During the development of the Variscan orogeny, large amounts of granitic melt were produced, giving rise to the intrusion
of granitoids at different structural levels. Despite numerous studies, ages available from previous work on the Cévennes
granites remain largely imprecise. In order to better constrain the age and emplacement mode of these granites, we have combined
U–Pb dating on monazites and zircons and 40Ar/39Ar dating on biotites with petrological observations, major element chemical analysis and SEM zircon imaging on five samples
from the Aigoual–St Guiral–Liron and Mont Lozère granitic massifs. The results revealed that granitic intrusions and cooling
in Southern Cévennes occurred in a short time span at ∼306 Ma after the main episode of regional metamorphism. Petrological
and chemical data suggest that they result from a mixing between mantle-derived basic magmas (lamprophyres) and lower crust
acid magmas. At a regional scale the production of these melts occurred at the end of crustal thickening induced by nappe
stacking, at the same time as the late anatectic events recorded further north in the Velay dome and the granulite facies
metamorphism recorded in metasedimentary granulite enclaves brought up by Tertiary volcanoes of the Velay area (Bournac). 相似文献
10.
During the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian, a rift was formed by post-collisional extension after ocean closure or an island arc-related basin formed by Paleo-Asian Ocean (PAO) subduction in the Xi Ujimqin area. Nevertheless, the closure time of the PAO is still under debate. Thus, to identify the origin of the PAO, the geochemistry and U-Pb age of zircons were analyzed for the extra-large deep marine, polymict clastic boulders and sandstones in the Shoushangou Formation within the basin. The analyses revealed magmatic activity and tectonic evolution. The conglomerates include megaclasts of granite (298.8 ± 9.1?Ma) and granodiorite porphyry (297.1 ± 3.1?Ma), which were deposited by muddy debris flow. Results of this study demonstrated that the boulders of granitoids have the geochemistry of typical I-type granite, characterized by low Zr + Nb + Ce + Y and low Ga/Al values. The granitoid boulders were formed in island arc setting, indicating the presence of arc magmatism in the area that is composed of the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian subduction-related granitoid in southern Xi Ujimqin. Multiple diagrams for determining sedimentary provenance using major and trace elements indicate that Shoushangou sediments originated from continental island arc-related felsic rocks. Detrital zircon U-Pb age cluster of 330–280?Ma was obtained, indicating input from granite, ophiolite, Xilin Gol complex, and Carboniferous sources to the south. The basin was geographically developed behind the arc during the Early Permian period because the outcropped intrusive rocks in the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian form a volcanic arc. The comprehensive analyses of source areas suggest that Shoushangou sediments developed in a backarc basin in response to the northward subduction of the PAO. The backarc basin and intrusive rocks, in addition to previously published Late Carboniferous to Early Permian magmatic rocks of arc unit in Xilin Gol, confirm the presence of an Early Permian trench-arc-basin system in the region, represented by the Baolidao arc and Xi Ujimqin backarc basin. This study highlights the importance and potential of combined geochemical and geochronological studies of conglomerates and sandstone for reconstructing the geodynamic setting of a basin. 相似文献