藏北申扎地区早奥陶世地层的发现及意义

藏北地区从未发现过有可靠化石依据的中奥陶世以前的沉积地层 ,是否存在寒武纪到早奥陶世间的沉积地层是目前诸多地质工作者关注的问题。申扎地区 1/ 2 5万区域地质调查工作中 ,在原归属为前震旦系念青唐古拉群的一套浅变质岩中发现了世界性分布的下奥陶统阿雷尼格阶最底部笔石化石带代表分子 Tetragraptusapproximatus,首次确定了藏北地区有早奥陶世沉积地层的存在。新建下奥陶统扎扛组和他多组 ,完善了藏北地区早古生代地层序列 ,为研究青藏高原在古生代早期的构造活动、演化、古地理分布格局及古生物地理区划提供了资料 ,也为世界性生物地层划分对比提供了依据。     

Regional geology and petroleum systems of the Illizi–Berkine area of the Algerian Saharan Platform: An overview

The Berkine and Illizi basins are Palaeozoic–Mesozoic intraplate depressions that preserve an over 7000 m thick sedimentary rock record and contain world-class petroleum systems with over 39 BBOE EUR hydrocarbon reserves. Regional seismic transects and a wealth of well data are used to review the tectonostratigraphic evolution of the area. The Gondwana (Palaeozoic) and Tethys (Mesozoic) supercycles make up the bulk of the Phanerozoic succession. These 1st order cycles record extensional basin formation, followed by a protracted period of overall net subsidence, and conclude with basin inversion and regional uplift during the Hercynian and Alpine orogenies respectively. Structural styles were dictated by transpressional or transtensional reactivation of mostly NNE oriented basement structural grain of Late Proterozoic–Ea.Cambrian (Pan-African) age and vertical movement of long wavelength regional highs and lows. Local tectonism is considered to be the far-field effect of plate-tectonic processes that affected the North African plate-boundaries, such as the Caledonian and Hercynian Orogenies, the opening of the Tethys and Atlantic oceans, and the Alpine Orogeny. These were accompanied by localised thermal mantle processes.