纳米粒子－胶体溶液－吸附作用——对某些金属矿床成因的探讨

根据物质呈纳米级状态时，其物理性质发生显著的变化，认为由其作为分散相分散于不同的分散介质（气体、液体和固体）中所构成的气溶胶、胶体溶液或固体溶胶，尤其是胶体溶液对运移成矿物质尤为重要，而对于被运移的胶粒来说，自身凝聚或被其他载体矿物或岩石的吸附富集将是一种重要的成矿作用，这特别有助于解释微细浸染型金矿、砂金矿及某些稀有及分散元素矿床的成因。     

Transformation pathway of carbonate pedofeatures based on their micromorhology and carbon isotope data in the Northern Caucasus region, Russia

Carbonate pedofeatures （CPs） in a chronosequence of paleosols buried under kurgans in the Northern Caucasus region of Russia in a period from the end of the 4th to the middle of the 5th centuries AD （It seams that there is no time left） were studied by using a set of morphological and isotopic methods. The CPs in chernozem-type soils of Russia are usually represented by crystallomorphic calcite whereas the non-segregated carbonates occurred at the same horizons - by collomorphic one. Those two morphotypes of calcite have the differences in elemental composition and isotopic composition of carbon and, hence, should have different origins - from true and colloidal solutions, respectively. The same differences including radiocarbon age have been revealed for pseudomycelium of the ABca horizon of the youngest paleosols as compared with the same CPs of other paleosols in the chronosequence studied. Our assumption is that it was succeeded in finding that the pseudomycelium right away after its precipitation from a colloidal solution migrated from the lower soil horizons to the surface horizons during the periods of climatic aridization. After a short time interval （not more than 25-50 years） collomorphic calcite in the pseudomicelium of the yongest paleosols mentioned above will likely become by ＂usual＂ acicular calcite.     

银和金的选择吸附实验研究及意义

吸附作用被认为是低温表生矿床的一种重要的成矿机制。文章内多种矿物对银和金的吸附实验表明,呈纳米粒级的银和金的单质对自然界矿物的吸附有明显的选择性,尤其是银对方铅矿和金对黄铁矿的强选择吸附,与自然界的实际情况符合得很好。这一实验结果为解释许多矿床中方铅矿常作为银的载体矿物及黄铁矿常作为金的载体矿物提供了科学依据。实验还证明了粘土、有机质和黑色页岩对银和金的吸附作用。