H_2O_2增效TiO_2/凹凸棒石光催化体系降解亚甲基蓝

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,天然凹凸棒石为载体,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了TiO_2/凹凸棒石复合光催化剂,并用XRD、TEM对其进行表征.以亚甲基蓝染料为模拟污染物,采用300 W汞灯为紫外光源,以光催化实验来评价该催化剂的活性,并研究了H_2O_2的引入对光催化活性的影响.实验结果表明,H_2O_2能显著提高染料的脱色效率:亚甲基蓝的初始浓度为50 mg/L,催化体系为2 mmol/L H_2O_2+0.5 g/L TiO_2/凹凸棒石+UV(紫外线),光催化10 min后其脱色率为95%,相对于单独的0.5 g/L TiO_2/凹凸棒石+UV催化体系,其脱色率提高了约50%.全波段扫描显示,加入H_2O_2后,亚甲基蓝在290 nm对应的苯环吸收蜂急剧下降,665 nm对应的最大吸收峰则近乎消失,且没有新的吸收峰产生.     

川西甲基卡烧碳沟地区伟晶岩脉地球化学特征

通过对烧碳沟地区伟晶岩的岩石学特征及地球化学特征进行分析,探讨了其成矿构造背景及物质来源等成矿地质条件.结果表明:烧碳沟一带伟晶岩的SiO2含量为73.46%~75.96%,全碱含量为4.71%~7.36%,里特曼指数为0.70~1.84,反映了伟晶岩的钙碱性特征;铝饱和指数A/CNK 为1.54~2.49,全部大于1.1,反映了强过铝质S 型花岗岩的特征.伟晶岩的主量、微量和稀土元素特征表明,其源岩以黏土沉积物为主,与甲基卡二云母花岗岩相比,两者具有高度相似的微量、稀土元素配分模式,以及近似的Nb/Ta 比值,表明两者具有同源性,且属于分异程度较高的钙碱性花岗伟晶岩脉.构造背景分析显示伟晶岩属于同碰撞花岗岩,在印支运动末期相对稳定的环境中,甲基卡一带的穹状构造为稀有金属伟晶岩矿床提供了良好的成矿环境.     

二苯硫脲－甲基异丁酮泡塑富集液珠萃取比色法测定化探样品中的金银

在１０％ＨＣＩ介质中,采用二苯硫脲（ＤＰＴＵ）－甲基异丁酮（ＭＩＢＫ）泡沫塑料富集,以金试剂液珠萃取比色法测定了化探样品中的Ａｕ和Ａｇ。方法的检出限：Ａｕ０．５×１０￣－９;Ａｓ５×１０￣－９（１０ｇ称样）。利用此方法制备了“野外快速分析箱”,可在野外简陋条件下进行现场测定。     

八面河地区原油、烃源岩中甾类化合物的分布特征及其应用

对渤海湾盆地八面河地区31个分别形成于还原性咸化水体和淡水环境的页岩和泥岩样、20个油样中甾类化合物进行了剖析。结果表明该区烃源岩、原油中的甾类化合物异常丰富，主要包括C27－29规则甾烷、C28－304－甲基甾烷、甲藻甾烷以及芳香甾类；不同层段烃源岩中甾类化合物的分布各具特色，发育于牛庄洼陷南斜坡咸化水体的富藻类沙四段页岩富含4－甲基甾烷及甲藻甾烷，形成于淡水环境的沙三段泥岩中甲藻甾烷不太发育。烃源岩、原油中规则甾烷的分布型式明显有别于甲基甾烷，指示两类化合物可能来源于不同的藻类属种。甾类化合物的分布特征受控于古环境、生物先质种类及热成熟度等多种因素。不同层段甾类化合物的特征性分布使其成为该区油源岩确认的关键指标。结果还表明，甲基甾烷在油源岩识别中比规则甾烷具有更好的应用效果。依据甾类化合物，可判断埋深超过2700m的Es4烃源岩与原油具有较好的相关性，发育于牛洼洼陷南斜坡的未熟－低熟特殊烃源岩－富藻类页岩与原油没有可比性，该结论是对近期油源调查结果的进一步确认。     

轮南油田原油中三甲基苯基类异戊烯化合物的检出及其意义

轮南油田不同时代储层原油中检出了丰富的三甲基苯基类异戊二烯化合物.该类化合物被普遍认为是来自于高盐度和强还原水体沉积环境中绿硫菌体内的类胡萝卜素的特征性生物标志化合物.该类化合物的检出对轮南油田烃源岩研究具有重要的指示意义,暗示了具有分层水体或高盐度的强还原环境下发育的优势烃源岩,对该区烃类的主力生烃贡献不容忽视.基于C15- 3,4,5-三甲基苯基类异戊二烯异构体在轮南油田原油中的分布规律,及C15-3,4,5/C13-2,3,6比值与Pr/Ph,Ga/C31H和Ts/Tm等常规地球化学参数的对比,说明具有生源意义、能够指示沉积相特征的三甲基苯基类异戊二烯化合物分布,在一定程度上也受烃类热演化程度的影响.     

塔中隆起中深5井与中深1井■和烷基■分布特征与油源启示北大核心CSCD

塔里木盆地塔中隆起中深5井在下寒武统(?_1w)吾松格尔组白云岩中有油显示,属低凝、低黏度、低硫、含蜡轻质油。分析了中深5井、中深1井和中深1C井原油中■、苯并[a]蒽及其烷基取代系列和稳定碳同位素的分布特征,并与塔里木盆地台盆区古生界典型烃源岩及相关原油进行对比,结果表明,中深5井和中深1井原油中苯并[a]蒽及甲基苯并[a]蒽相对于■及甲基■的含量很低,碳同位素较轻,与上奥陶统烃源岩具可比性,而中深1C井原油中苯并[a]蒽及甲基苯并[a]蒽相对含量较高,碳同位素较重,并与寒武系烃源岩具可比性。对于缺少常规甾萜类生物标志物的高成熟轻质油/凝析油来说,及其烷基取代系列是进行油源判识的有效分子标志物。     

钻井液类型对南极冰层取心钻进工作的影响

钻井液的类型与性能对于提高极地冰层取心钻进的效率与保证钻孔稳定性具有重要的影响。在分析铠装电动机械钻具工作原理与钻井液循环方式的基础上,较为详细地分析了升降钻具的速度与钻井液粘度与密度之间的关系;分析了现有钻井液类型和所存在的问题;以二元脂肪酸二醇酯、低分子量饱和脂肪酸酯与甲基硅油的试验测试数据为基础,确定了可用于极地冰层取心钻进的钻井液类型及其性能要求。     

五种抗真菌药物对远海梭子蟹离体卵孵化的影响

研究了不同浓度的孔雀石绿、亚甲基蓝、制霉菌素、达克宁、里劳素等抗真菌药,对远海梭子蟹离体卵孵化及幼体培育的影响.结果发现,孔雀石绿和里劳素的抗真菌效果较好,它们的最适浓度分别为0.2×10-6,0.1×10-6.     

The concentration and distribution of different mercury species in the water columns and sediment of Aha Lake

In order to find out whether Aha Lake was polluted by the acid mining waste water or not, the concentration and distribution of different mercuryspecies in the water columns and sediment profile collected from Aha Lake were investigated. It was found that discernible seasonal variation of different mercury species in water body were obtained in the Aha Reservoir. With regards to the whole sampling periods, the concentrations of HgP in the Aha Reservoir water body were evidently correlated to the concentrations of total mercury, showing that total mercury was mostly associated with particle mercury. The concentrations of methylmercury in water body were also evidently correlated to the concentrations of dissolved mercury. The dissolved mercury evidently affects the distribution and transportation of methylmercury. However, there is no correlation between methylmercury and total mercury. The dissolved mercury, reactive mercury, dissolved methylmercury levels in the water body of high flow period were much higher than those in low flow period. The distribution, speciation and levels of mercury within the Aha Reservoir water body were governed by several factors, such as the output of river, the release of sediment . Discernible seasonal variation of total mercury and methylmercury in porewater was described during the sampling periods, with the concentrations in high flow period generally higher than those in low flow period. The methylmercury in pore water column was evidently correlated to that of the sediment. The results indicated that highly elevated MeHgD concentrations in the porewater were produced at the depths from 2 to 5 cm in the sediment profile, and decreased sharply with depth. A positive correlation has been found between MeHgD formation and sulfate reducing bacterial activity. These highly elevated concentrations of MeHgD at the intersurface between waters and sediments suggest a favorable methylation condition. Moreover,