Mantle processes during ocean formation：Petrologic records in peridotites from the Alpine－Apennine ophiolites

Mantle peridotites were early exposed at the sea-floor of the Jurassic Tethys derived from the subcontinental mantle of the Europe-Adria system. During continental rifting and oceanic spreading, these lithospheric peri-dotites were percolated via diffuse reactive porous flowby melt fractions produced by near-fractional melting of the upwelling asthenosphere. Ascending melts inter-acted with the lower lithosphere, dissolving pyroxenes and precipitating olivine, and crystallized at shallower levels in the mantle column causing melt impregnation.Subsequent focused porous flow formed replacive dunitechannels, cutting the impregnated oeridotites, which were conduits for upward migration of MORB-type liq-uids. Melt migration produced depletionlrefertilization and significant heating of the percolatedlimpregnated mantle, i.e the thermochemical erosion of the litho-sphere. Impregnated and thermally modified lithos-pheric mantle was cooled by conductive heat loss dur-ing progressive lithosphere thinning and was intrudeaby MORB magmas, which formed Mg-rich and Fe-richgabbroic dykes and bodies. Alpine-Apennine ophiolitic peridotites record the deep-seated migration of melts which changed their compositions and dynamics during the rift evolution. The thermochemical erosion of the lithospheric mantle by the ascending asthenospheric melts, which induces significant compositional and rhe-ological changes in the lower lithosphere, is a major process in the evolution of the continent-ocean transi-tion towards a slow spreading oceanic system.     

宁远保安地区基性─超基性火山岩基本特征

本文论述了保安地区火山岩的地质、岩石、副矿物、岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素、稳定同位素、火山岩相及火山机构等特征。并对其演化规律、形成机制与成矿作用的关系，作了初步探讨。     

天津风暴潮灾与形成机制

文章从分析风暴潮的危害入手，探讨了风暴潮灾的形成原因，指出：异常天气系统的出现、天文大潮前后、地理环境因素和人类经济活动四条件相叠加，即会造成破坏性很强的风暴潮灾。针对同暴潮灾形成机制，提出相应的防治对策，以避免灾害的损失。     

弧后盆地的形成

本文就弧后盆地及其形成的动力学模式进行了简要地讨论，认为在岛（山）弧后方除现今所通称的弧后盆地以外，尚可存在广义上的弧后盆地。它们远离弧体位置，但由于俯冲带的远端“抬头”，同样可引起地壳的裂陷，其构造作用叠加于先期断陷带之上。     

等离子体技术及其在地质上的应用

激光烧蚀微探针等离子体质谱的地质应用。自1989年以来，我们实验室就积极开展了激光烧蚀微探针(LAM)试样引入系统的研究工作，这种技术适合于ICP—MS分析地质样品中小体积矿物(激光烧蚀孔穴直径低于10—100μm)．对某些样品．采用Nd：YAG激光的基本IR波长(1064nm)，作为多数用途，4倍频率(uv)的波长(266nm)能产生较小的直径，并较好地形成孔穴．     

漫步翠湖湿地

北京有许多让人着迷的地方,当你细细探究,就总有令人惊喜的发现。历史人文不说了,单就时常遭人诟病的自然环境,也非印象中沙尘暴肆虐的北方旱城。从地名上看,海淀,玉泉山,百泉山,玉渊潭,北海,中南海,永定河……可见,历史上是泉,河,潭,湖星罗棋布的地方,甚至,品味起来,总有那么一丝江南的味道飘荡在城市之中。翠湖湿地便被誉为北京的“江南水乡”。     

水生观赏植物在湿地建设中的应用

水生观赏植物的利用是湿地恢复工作的重要内容之一,直接关系到湿地景观整体效果。在湿地的池边水畔、岩石缝隙、水面等不同的环境中种植各种水生观赏植物能给人一种自然美的感觉。水生观赏植物的姿态、色彩及清香,加强了水体的空间感和美感,并具有净化水体的生态作用。如北京翠     

我国湿地面积亚洲第一

近期完成的全国首次湿地资源调查显示，我国现有湿地面积3848万hm^2，居亚洲第一位，世界第四位。