盘山花岗岩裂隙水元素成因

作者通过对比各种成因裂隙水性质，判断表生条件下水岩地球作用方向，分析影响裂隙水中可溶组份含量变化的各种因素，分析裂隙水中可溶组份之间相关关系，结在探讨盘山花岗岩裂水中主要元素的成因问题。     

金云母-蛭石间层矿物阳离子交换容量的影响因素研究

采用氯化铵交换-原子吸收光谱法和CaCl2-甲醛缩合法测定3个金云母-蛭石间层矿物样品的各阳离子交换分量和阳离子交换总量,通过分析样品粒度和溶液pH值对阳离子交换容量的影响及晶层端面水解使表面荷电的特点,确定样品的等电点.结果表明,随着粒度的增大,样品的阳离子交换容量逐渐减小;随着pH值的增大,样品的阳离子交换容量先急剧减小(pH=2～5),后趋于平缓(pH=5～9),而后再急剧减小(pH=9～11.5),这些变化主要与晶层端面的水解作用和八面体片阳离子的溶出作用有关;样品的等电点为pH值≈9.研究结果对于排除端面水解作用对阳离子交换容量的影响和进一步确定蛭石晶层的层电荷具有重要的意义.     

Dissolution of hydrous Th （Ⅳ） oxide in aqueous Na^＋-H^＋-OH^——NO3^——H2O^- solutions in the presence of citrate, EDTA and oxalate

Data on the hydrolysis of Th （Ⅳ） and solubility of ThO2 in the presence of organic ligands are of critical importance to the safe disposal and treatment of high-level nuclear waste. Such data are required to predict reliably thorium behaviour in high-level waste repositories where organic anions may be present. In addition, recent studies of the performance of thorium-based fuels report that these fuels can be used to reduce concerns related to potential proliferation of nuclear weapons and disposal of the current uranium dioxide fuel waste. Because several reactor concepts based on thorium fuel cycles are under consideration, it is important to have thermodynamic data to predict how such fuel and its waste form will behave in the environment. To establish the effect of pH and organic ligands on the hydrolysis of Th （Ⅳ）, experiments on the solubility of hydrous ThO2 in aqueous solution at room temperature were performed, covering a wide range of pH （pH=3.0 to 12.0） in 0.1 molal NaNO3 solutions. Experiments also were conducted in the presence of citrate, EDTA and oxalate with a concentration range 100 to 500 μmol. Approach to equilibrium was from supersaturation. Slopes of straight lines fit to plots of log mTh vs. pH were approximately -4 at the acidic region and near 0 at neutral and alkaline region for experiments conducted at constant ionic strength （I=0.1）, implying that the dominant Th species should be Th4^＋ and Th （OH）4（aq） The←→Th^4＋＋2H2O ThO2＋2H2O←→Th （OH）40 as follows： ThO2＋4H^＋ solubility of ThO2 decreases with increasing pH （pH 3 -6） and remains near the detection limit of ICP-MS （in the order of 10^-9 M to 10^1- M） in the range of pH 6-12. These values are in accordance with data in the literature.     

天津蓟县官庄盆地天然矿泉水田水化学特征及形成条件

文章分析了蓟县官庄盆地的水文地质特征以及地下水埋藏条件、边界条件、补径排条件、动态特征、水化学与环境同位素特征。分析了矿泉水特征组分偏硅酸的形成机理,表明花岗岩中大量的石英、铝硅酸盐矿物在深循环条件下的水解作用是偏硅酸的主要成因。     

Characterization of soil humin by acid hydrolysis

Studies were conducted to characterize soil humin by acid hydrolysis.Two humin samples collected from two different types of soil,namely chernozem and laterite,which are widespread over a vast area from the north to south of China,were hyrolyzed under reflux with 0.5M H2SO4or 3M H2SO4for 4h.The results showed that 25%-29% of organic carbon and 46%-54%of organic nitrogen could be hydrolyzed by 0.5M H2SO4;36%-40%of organic carbon and 93%-97% of organic nitrogen hydrolyzed by 3M H2SO4.The C/N ration in hydrolyzed organic matter is lower than that in soil humin and that in organic matter hydrolyzed by 3M H2SO4 is lower than that in organic matter hydrolyzed by 0.5M H2SO4.The proportion of nitrogen hydrolyzed from humin is markedly larger than that from the original soil and also markedly larger than that from humic acid fraction.Only 3%-7% of nitrogen in humin exists in a relatively stable from,which is not easy to hydrolyze.There in little nitrogen that occurs in the form of heterocyclic rings in humin.Incubation experiments showed that the newly formed organic matter can be hydrolyzed more easily.     

桂西堆积型铝土矿中三水铝石的成矿机理

桂西堆积型铝土矿中红土矿物共生组合、矿物空间分布规律、产出特征、矿物的形成世代、化学成分、稀土元素和矿体内外的水质成分的研究结果表明，堆积型铝土矿中的三水铝石是由硬水铝石水解形成的，三水铝石的形成受到地下水溶液中Al^3 、[SiO4]^4-浓度及pH等多种因素的制约，经历了Al(OH)3的沉淀、固化、脱玻化、结晶几个阶段。在淋滤作用的早期，形成了高岭石；在淋滤作用较弱的位置，形成了次生石英。表明该类型铝土矿不仅是新类型矿床，其成因也是独特的，是正处于退化中的铝土矿。     

The Hydrolyzation of Collagen by Fucoidan Oligosaccharide＇s Complex with CeⅣ

Fucoidan is such a polysaccharide that its hydroxies are easy to combine with lanthanons ion （Ce^IV） to form complex. This work obtained the complexes of three fucoidan oligosaccharides with different molecular weights F1 （〉5 000）, F2 （1 000-5 000） and F3 （〈 1 000） by hydrolyzing Oligosaccharide collagen with sulfuric acid. It is found that the fucoidan oligosaccharide F3 can form complex with more Ce^IV than F1 and F2. Hydrolyzing collagen with the complex was carried out to produce amino acid and peptides. All the three fucoidan oligosaccharide complexes with CeIV（ F1, F2, F3） can catalyze by the artificial hydrolytic enzyme, and the activity of the complex of F3 is the highest.