俄罗斯的油气及能源政策

俄罗斯位于欧洲东部和亚洲北部，国土面积1，707．54万平方公里，居世界第一位。人口1，43亿．(2002年10月)。俄罗斯欧洲领土的大部分是东欧平原，北邻北冰洋，东濒太平洋，西接大西洋。俄罗斯大部分地区处于北温带，气候多样，以大陆性气候为主，温差普遍较大。俄罗斯境内自北向南为北极荒漠、冻土地带、森林冻土地带、森林地带、森林草原地带、草原地带、半荒漠地带。俄罗斯自然资源十分丰富，种类多，储量大，自给程度高。有石油、天然气、煤、铁矿、磷灰石、钾盐、磷钙石、有色金属、稀有金属、贵重金属以及金刚石等矿产。     

东欧在欧洲地缘政治中的作用

世界名政治地理学家H·J·麦金穗1919年发表《民主理想与现实》一,提出具有世界战略性的见解：“谁控制了东欧,谁就统治了心脏地带;谁控制了心脏地带,谁就统治了世界岛;谁控制了世界岛．谁就统治了世界。”这一见解引起学广泛注意与不同看法,其中也包括“地理环境决定论”的阴影。     

Influence of the Asian-Pacific Oscillation on Spring Precipitation over Central Eastern China

The linkage between the Asian-Pacific oscillation(APO)and the precipitation over central eastern China in spring is preliminarily addressed by use of the observed data.Results show that they correlate very well,with the positive(negative)phase of APO tending to increase(decrease)the precipitation over central eastern China.Such a relationship can be explained by the atmospheric circulation changes over Asia and the North Pacific in association with the anomalous APO.A positive phase of APO,characterized by a positive anomaly over Asia and a negative anomaly over the North Pacific in the upper-tropospheric temperature,corresponds to decreased low-level geopotential height(H)and increased high-level H over Asia,and these effects are concurrent with increased low-level H and decreased high-level H over the North Pacific.Meanwhile,an anticyclonic circulation anomaly in the upper troposphere and a cyclonic circulation anomaly in the lower troposphere are introduced in East Asia,and the low-level southerly wind is strengthened over central eastern China.These changes provide advantageous conditions for enhanced precipitation over central eastern China.The situation is reversed in the negative phase of APO,leading to reduced precipitation in this region.     

Beltanelloides podolicus 在中国上震旦统首次发现

Beltanelloidespodolicus可谓球形藻群体化石之最大者,压扁圆盘体直径3-30mm,呈炭质膜保存。与其一起出现的化石还有许多高级藻类和动物化石。它们的发现为扬子地台上震旦统与东欧地台文德期地层的对比又添一证据。     

Cenozoic Stratigraphy Deformation History in the Central and Eastern of Qaidam Basin by the Balance Section Restoration and its Implication

The Qaidam Basin,located in the northern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,is a large Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin,and bears huge thick Cenozoic strata.The geologic events of the Indian-Eurasian plate-plate collision since～55 Ma have been well recorded.Based on the latest progress in high-resolution stratigraphy,a technique of balanced section was applied to six pieces of northeast-southwest geologic seismic profiles in the central and eastern of the Qaidam Basin to reconstruct the crustal shortening deform...