Influence of antecedent soil moisture on hydraulic conductivity in a series of texture‐contrast soils

Antecedent soil moisture significantly influenced the hydraulic conductivity of the A1, A2e and B21 horizons in a series of strong texture‐contrast soils. Tension infiltration at six supply potentials demonstrated that in the A1 horizon, hydraulic conductivity was significantly lower in the ‘wet’ treatment than in the ‘dry’ treatment. However in the A2e horizon, micropore and mesopore hydraulic conductivity was lower in the ‘dry’ treatment than the ‘wet’ treatment, which was attributed to the precipitation of soluble amorphous silica. In the B21 horizon, desiccation of vertic clays resulted in the formation of shrinkage cracks which significantly increased near‐saturated hydraulic conductivity and prevented the development of subsurface lateral flow in the ‘dry’ treatment. In the ‘wet’ treatment, the difference between the hydraulic conductivity of the A1 and B21 horizons was reduced; however, lateral flow still occurred in the A1 horizon due to difficulty displacing existing soil water further down the soil profile. Results demonstrate the need to account for temporal variation in soil porosity and hydraulic conductivity in soil‐water model conceptualisation and parameterisation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于通量均衡基准的地壳垂直运动模型

介绍了地壳垂直运动的均衡理论 ,基于全球通量均衡基准 ,建立了任意坐标系下描述地壳垂直运动的动力学模型。该模型可表述为 L aplace方程的第二边值问题。将此模型与调和分析模型做了比较 ,认为此模型拟合精度较高 ,理论上更严密