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1.
Matthew J. Spittal Frank H. Walkey John McClure Richard J. Siegert Kimberley E. Ballantyne 《Natural Hazards》2006,39(1):15-29
Preparedness is a key dependent variable in many studies examining people’s response to disasters such as earthquakes. A feature
of many studies on this issue, however, is the lack of attention given to psychometric issues when constructing measures of
preparedness. With regard to earthquake preparation, for example, many studies could be greatly improved by the use of a valid
and reliable measure of preparedness. This research developed such a measure that assessed both low-level preparedness, such
as having an emergency kit, and high-level preparedness, such as altering home structures to mitigate damage. Studies of Wellington
(New Zealand) residents using two samples totalling n=652 showed that 23 items measuring these different aspects of earthquake preparation could be combined into a reliable, valid,
unifactorial scale. This brief scale should have utility in multivariate studies of earthquake preparation, either as a dependent
variable, where preparation is the outcome variable of primary interest, or as one of several independent variables, where
preparation and other measures predict another outcome variable. 相似文献
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当前,城市防震减灾宣传工作卓有成效,但在存在诸多困难的广大基层,特别是农村地区的防震减灾宣传工作还有很多不尽人意的地方。作者在借鉴一些基层地震部门工作经验的基础上,结合自身工作实际总结出了做好基层防震减灾宣传工作的几点对策。 相似文献
5.
Donald A. Wilhite 《Natural Hazards》1996,13(3):229-252
Drought is a normal, recurrent feature of climate that affects virtually all countries to some degree. The number of drought-induced natural disasters has grown significantly since the 1960s, largely as a result of increasing vulnerability to extended periods of precipitation deficiency rather than because of an increase in the frequency of meteorological droughts. This increase in drought-induced natural disasters has resulted in a considerable growth of interest in drought mitigation and preparedness worldwide. The purpose of a national preparedness plan is to reduce societal vulnerability to drought through the adoption of preventive, anticipatory policies and programs. This paper describes a ten-step planning process that nations can follow to develop a drought preparedness plan. This process, originally developed in 1987, has been the basis of discussions at training seminars on drought preparedness for developing nations in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It has also been adopted, with appropriate modifications, by state or provincial governments and by municipalities. The process is intended to be flexible so that governments can add, delete, or modify the suggested steps, as necessary.Published as Paper No. 10946, Journal Series, Nebraska Agricultural Research Division. The work reported here was conducted under Nebraska Agricultural Research Division Project 27-007. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant ATM-8704050. 相似文献
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我国是世界上自然灾害最严重的国家之一,依靠科技进步来提高全国防灾减灾的综合能力已成为防灾减灾工作的重要内容之一。介绍了国内外防灾减灾领域科技应用与建设的现状,讨论了我国在这方面存在的主要问题;总结了国内外防灾减灾领域科技支撑建设的经验与启示,提出了增强我国防灾减灾领域科技应用能力的措施及建议。 相似文献
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姚清林 《地震学报(英文版)》1995,8(1):135-142
TheresearchofasolutiononlocatingoptimallyastationforseismicdisastersrescueinacityQing-LinYAO(姚清林)(InstituteofGeology,StateSei... 相似文献
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通过描述传统测绘地形图在防灾减灾中的特殊作用及局限性,进而介绍了现代测绘高科技“3S”技术在灾害防治中的应用前景及其优越性。 相似文献
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云南省武定1995年10月24日的6.5级地震对攀枝市造成了Ⅵ度的破坏。震后,地震部门提出近期不会发生破坏性地震,为政府决策提供依据。通过广播电台、电视台发布震情通报、公告,为抗震救灾和安定民心起到了积极作用。 相似文献
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