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1.
Analytical study of ground motion caused by seismic wave propagation across faulted rock masses
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Studying seismic wave propagation across rock masses and the induced ground motion is an important topic, which receives considerable attention in design and construction of underground cavern/tunnel constructions and mining activities. The current study investigates wave propagation across a rock mass with one fault and the induced ground motion using a recursive approach. The rocks beside the fault are assumed as viscoelastic media with seismic quality factors, Qp and Qs. Two kinds of interactions between stress waves and a discontinuity and between stress waves and a free surface are analyzed, respectively. As the result of the wave superposition, the mathematical expressions for induced ground vibration are deduced. The proposed approach is then compared with the existing analysis for special cases. Finally, parametric studies are carried out, which includes the influences of fault stiffness, incident angle, and frequency of incident waves on the peak particle velocities of the ground motions. 相似文献
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Corrado Massa 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,305(4):377-384
Quantum theory in Robertson – Walker spacetime suggests the existence of a minimal energy ε of the order of 10−45 erg. Reasonable forms for ε give the expansion factor R=R(t)(t= the cosmic time) with no need of gravitational field equations.Einstein's theory should be modified in gravitational fields of strength less than ε c/ħ ∼ 10−8 cm/s2 where c is the speed of light and ħ is the reduced Planck constant. The cosmological term λ is expected to decrease as the universe expands.In the Appendix, ε is derived from a big bang – big crunch Newtonian cosmology. 相似文献
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A. V. Bogomolov A. P. Ignat’ev K. Kudela S. N. Kuznetsov Yu. I. Logachev O. V. Morozov I. N. Myagkova S. N. Oparin A. A. Pertsov S. I. Svertilov B. Yu. Yushkov 《Astronomy Letters》2003,29(3):199-204
We consider temporal, spectral, and polarization parameters of the hard X-ray and gamma-ray radiation observed during the solar flare of May 20, 2002, in the course of experiments with the SONG and SPR-N instruments onboard the Coronas-F spacecraft. This flare is one of the most intense gamma-ray events among all of the bursts of solar hard electromagnetic radiation detected since the beginning of the Coronas-F operation (since July 31, 2001) and one of the few gamma-ray events observed during solar cycle 23. A simultaneous analysis of the Coronas-F and GOES data on solar thermal X-ray radiation suggests that, apart from heating due to currents of matter in the the flare region, impulsive heating due to the injection of energetic electrons took place during the near-limb flare S21E65 of May 20, 2002. These electrons produced intense hard X-ray and gamma-ray radiation. The spectrum of this radiation extends up to energies ≥7 MeV. Intense gamma-ray lines are virtually unobservable against the background of the nonthermal continuum. The polarization of the hard X-ray (20–100 keV) radiation was estimated to be ≤15–20%. No significant increase in the flux of energetic protons from the flare under consideration was found. At the same time, according to ACE data, the fluxes of energetic electrons in interplanetary space increased shortly (~25 min) after the flare. 相似文献
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本文通过数值求解带电粒子与Alfven波湍动相互作用的动力学方程,得到了相对论电子在射电喷流中被加速随时间演化的解.高能电子可以加速到Lorentz因子γy~106,且形成稳态的幂律谱,尽管其谱指数S≈l比观测值小,但粒子加速时间约为1012-1014秒,小于射电斑的寿命107年.粒子能谱指数几乎与Alfven波谱指数和能量损失函数无关.能量损失对加速上限有较大影响. 相似文献
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S. T. G. Raghukanth 《Natural Hazards》2008,46(1):1-13
In this article, analytical methods have been used to estimate ground motion during the 8 October 2005, Kashmir earthquake.
Peak ground acceleration (PGA) values at several stations in the epicentral region have been estimated by empirical analytical
source mechanism models. As an alternate analysis, PGA estimates have also been obtained using the stochastic finite fault
seismological model. The estimated PGAs are compared with that obtained from damage values. A PGA contour map in the near-source
region is provided. It is found that very near to the epicenter, PGA would have reached more than 1 g. It is demonstrated
that empirical analytical models can be effectively used to estimate ground motion due to rupture of active faults. 相似文献
7.
太平洋海域海平面变化的灰色系统分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
应用灰色系统理论,对太平洋海域48个长期验潮站的月均海平面分别建立了GM(1,1)模型。GM(1,1)模型能较好地反映太平洋海域的海平面变化的趋势,它除了能给出连续的海平面变化速率外,同时能方便地给出海平面变化的加速率。模拟结果表明,在太平洋地壳均衡假设下,太平洋海域的月均海平面以平均速率0.17cm/a上升。在太平洋海域所取的48个长期验潮站中,有40个站在加速上升,全部站的平均加速度为0.00029cm/a2。且加速率逐渐增大。当然这些加速率都很小,但作为一种普遍性的趋势,这已足以说明:太平洋海域的海平面在加速上升 相似文献
8.
Fluctuations of peak energy and peak frequency o local wavelet energy spectrum for wind wavesTXFluctuationsofpeakenergyandpeak... 相似文献
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研究具有窄谱和Weibull波高分布的波群对非线性桩柱系统作用力的统计性质。求得了桩桩的波浪峰力的各种特征值及其比值。指出这些数值不仅是阻力一惯性力参数bH的函数,也随着波群因子而变化。本文模式更具广泛性。文中给出了一系列计算图表,可从理论计算波群作用于桩柱的波浪峰力。 相似文献