桥梁隔震体系振动台试验研究(III)——测试结果分析

根据前文所述的测试结果 ,本文主要分析了隔震构造、橡胶支座水平刚度、地震输入频谱特性、地震烈度、输入方向、桥墩高度、桥墩嵌固程度等因素对隔震效果的影响 ,揭示了隔震体系耗散地震能量输入的机理 ,所得出的结论对工程实践具有指导意义。     

基于应变模态法识别刚架桥梁的损伤

基于应变模态方法，对刚架桥的损伤识别进行了研究。通过对某刚架桥在不同损伤工况下的数值仿真计算，探讨了应变模态方法用于刚架桥损伤识别的能力。计算结果表明：利用应变模态差曲线能比较准确地识别出刚架桥的损伤位置；应变模态差曲线在刚架桥损伤单元处的跳跃幅值随单元损伤程度的增加而增大，依此可定性地识别出刚架桥的损伤程度。     

Seismic response predictions of multi‐span steel bridges through pushover analysis

In the new trend of seismic design methodology, the static pushover analysis is recommended for simple or regular structures whilst the time‐history analysis is recommended for complex structures. To this end, the applicable range of the pushover analysis has to be clarified. This study aims at investigating the applicability of pushover analysis to multi‐span continuous bridge systems with thin‐walled steel piers. The focus is concentrated on the response demand predictions in longitudinal or transverse directions. The pushover analysis procedure for such structures is firstly summarized and then parametric studies are carried out on bridges with different types of superstructure‐pier bearing connections. The considered parameters, such as piers' stiffness distribution and pier–0.5ptdeck stiffness ratio, are varied to cover both regular and irregular structures. Finally, the relation of the applicability of pushover analysis to different structural formats is demonstrated and a criterion based on the higher modal contribution is proposed to quantitatively specify the applicable range. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

通渝隧道围岩变形的神经网络预测

隧道新奥法施工中 ,常以围岩变形量作为评判围岩稳定性和支护结构经济合理性的重要指标。公路隧道围岩变形量是随时间而变化的数据序列 ,因而可以建立一些实时跟踪预测模型和方法。根据通渝隧道围岩拱顶下沉位移变形的特性 ,采用神经网络技术来预测其变形量 ,结果表明该方法简易、有效     

Seismic response of a cable‐stayed bridge deck under multi‐component non‐stationary random ground motion

A Markov method of analysis is presented for obtaining the seismic response of cable‐stayed bridges to non‐stationary random ground motion. A uniformly modulated non‐stationary model of the random ground motion is assumed which is specified by the evolutionary r.m.s. ground acceleration. Both vertical and horizontal components of the motion are considered to act simultaneously at the bridge supports. The analysis duly takes into account the angle of incidence of the earthquake, the spatial correlation of ground motion and the quasi‐static excitation. A cable‐stayed bridge is analysed under a set of parametric variations in order to study the non‐stationary response of the bridge. The results of the numerical study indicate that (i) frequency domain spectral analysis with peak r.m.s. acceleration as input could provide more r.m.s. response than the peak r.m.s. response obtained by the non‐stationary analysis; (ii) the longitudinal component of the ground motion significantly influences the vertical vibration of the bridge; and (iii) the angle of incidence of the earthquake has considerable influence on the deck response. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis on Bearing Capacity of Tunnel-Type Anchorage of a Long-Span Suspension Bridge

INTRODUCTION Tunnel typeanchoragehasobviousadvantages inbearingcapacityversusinvestment(LiuandHu,1996).However,itisrarelyusedinapracticalpro jectbecauseofitsrequirementofgoodrockcondi tions.Siduhebridge(Fig.1),whichliesintheBa dongmountainsinthewestplatea…     

公路桥超长群桩的有效桩长研究

针对公路桥梁超长群桩的有效桩长问题,对国内公路桥梁桩基的荷载状况进行统计分析,得出桩顶应力主要分布在6～21 MPa范围。进行了长径比为96的桩间距分别为3D、4.5D和6D的3组不同群桩的超长群桩模型试验,得到3种不同桩间距的超长群桩中单桩轴力随着不同荷载的分布图,按照桩身轴力趋于0的桩截面的深度确定有效桩长,并利用指数函数关系分别拟合了3种不同桩间距的桩顶应力与有效桩长之间的关系。根据竖向荷载作用下群桩模型试验与实际原型之间的相似关系,确定公路桥超长群桩与荷载对应的有效桩长取值范围,研究了超长群桩的有效桩长与桩间距之间的关系,并对桥梁桩基有效桩长的取值与桩间距提出了建议。     

山区公路路基边坡地质灾害远程监测预报系统开发及应用

针对山区公路路基边坡点状分布、数量较多、规模相对较小且易受人类活动和环境变化影响的特点,确立了以位移和降雨量为主的监测原则,基于GPRS技术,集成触发式位移计、容栅式雨量计、数据采集传输模块和太阳能供电装置,形成了经济、节能、高效的单体边坡远程监测硬件系统。采用Visual C++网络编程技术,以SQL Server2005为数据库平台,开发了地质灾害远程监测预报软件系统,实现了数据的远程实时接收和可视化分析管理。由于公路边坡变形破坏模式多样,系统还集成了多种时间预测模型,建立了边坡变形预报模型库。通过在常吉高速公路的安装运行,系统成功地进行远程实时监控,保障了极端天气下公路的安全运营。     

桥梁气象专题研究与服务

根据实际开展的桥梁气象专题研究，分析桥梁气象研究与服务如何面对国内大型桥梁建设发展趋势所带来的机遇和挑战，提出开展桥梁气象研究与服务的必要性，并从桥位气候背景、桥位气象参数取值、桥梁气象研究方法以及桥梁施工及营运期气象服务与保障等方面介绍桥梁气象专题研究及服务应开展的主要内容，同时，给出一个已投入实际使用的桥梁施工期气象环境监测与预警系统的建设思路。     

黄土粒度分维在公路自然区划中的应用探讨

针对当前黄土地区公路自然区划宏观程度高、实际难应用等问题,研究新的区划方案、寻找理想的区划指标意义重大。以分形理论为基础,分析了甘肃黄土粒度分布的分形结构特征。结果显示,黄土具有良好的统计自相似性,其分维值介于2.15~2.705之间;黄土的粒度分维值可定量表征黄土的物理、力学和水理性质及差异,即黄土的粒度分维值越大,其干密度、比表面积、粘聚力、内摩擦角越大,微、小孔隙含量越高,但其平均孔径、孔隙比、湿陷系数和渗透系数越小,其工程地质性质愈稳定;在空间上,黄土粒度分维值存在显著的区域性变化规律,反映了甘肃黄土地区二级公路自然区划的5个二级区的差异。认为黄土粒度分维值可作为公路自然区划的主要指标之一,参与三级区的划分,为公路工程的设计、施工提供科学依据。