Brick tea and its health impact

Tea bush is one of the plants cultivated in acidic soil, and is a typical hyper-accumulator of F and Al. Brick tea is a kind of brick-formed tea compressed using the older and coarse leaves and branches of tea trees. Brick tea mixed with milk is drunk as a daily indispensable beverage for Mongols, Ewenki, and other minority nationalities in the pastoral and semi-pastoral areas of Northwest China. It is reported that drinking brick tea can result in dental and skeletal fluorosis due to the high F content in it. Because Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is related with Al in human brain, and Al has potential toxicities for skeletal and neural systems,     

Permeability of Hydraulic Fills and Barricade Bricks

Permeability is one of the most important parameters in the design of hydraulic backfilling of mine stopes. A simple and reproducible method was developed for preparing reconstituted hydraulic fill sample in the laboratory, that is representative of the hydraulic fill in the mine stope, replicating the slurry sedimentation process taking place in the mine. Constant head and falling head permeability tests were carried out on the samples, giving consistent results. A brick permeameter was developed to study the flow characteristics of the porous barricade bricks under one-dimensional flow, simulating the flow conditions in the mine. Three different methods were used to determine the permeability of the brick and the results showed very good agreement. This is the first rational attempt to measure the permeability of the porous barricade bricks that are used to close the horizontal access drives in the mines, thus retaining the hydraulic fill. The measurements show that the permeability of the barricade brick is about two to three orders of magnitude greater than that of the hydraulic fill.     

CFRP对砖墙抗震加固对比试验研究与计算分析

结合一工程实践的需要，通过5片碳纤维布加固的新建墙体在周期反复荷载作用下的试验，研究了碳纤维布加固对砌体结构抗震性能的影响，以及砌砌体在碳纤维布加固后的受力特性，比较了不同加固方案对砖砌体加固效果的影响，在此基础上讨论了对碳纤维布加固砖墙抗剪承载力计算模型，并提出了简化计算公式。     

按新旧规范设计的多层住宅砖房地震易损性的对比

本文采用概率方法借助于拉丁超立方采样技术和非线性地震反应时程分析对按现行规范设计的多层住宅砖房的地震易损性进行分析,并与按上一代规范设计的多层住宅砖房的地震易损性分析结果[1]进行了比较,为进一步研究这类结构的地震安全性、未来地震的损失预测以及防震减灾对策奠定基础。     

Environmental impact on construction limestone at humid regions with an emphasis on salt weathering,Al-hambra islamic archaeological site,Granada City,Spain: case study

Al-hambra is an immense and valuable archaeological site in Spain built on Sabika hill with red brick and natural sandy limestone. It exhibits weathering features indicating salt weathering process. The main aim of this study is to examine weathering processes and intensity acting on Al-hambra. Rock petrography and mineralogical composition have been examined using thin sections, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence; limits of rock’s physical parameters using ultrasonic waves and mercury porosimeter; rock salt content through hydrochemical analysis. Salts attacking this structure are mainly from wet deposition of air pollutants on the long term chemical alteration of rock’s carbonate content to its equivalent salts. The salts’ concentration limit within the examined rock samples is considerably low but it is effective on the long run through hydration of sulphate salts and/or crystallization of chloride salts. Rock texture type and its silica as well as clay content reduces its resistance to internal stresses by salts as well as wetting and drying cycles at such humid area. The recession in limits of physical parameters examined for deep seated and weathered limestone samples quantitatively reflects weathering intensity on Al-hambra.     

上海地区村镇民房震害预测方法探讨——以宝山区(Ⅵ度)震害预测为例

本文通过对上海地区地震危险性分析,论述了上海地区开展村镇民房震害预测的必要性。根据上海地区的建筑特点,并以宝山区Ⅵ度震害预测为例,对上海地区村镇民房震害预测方法的可行性进行了探讨。     

Al_2O_3-SiC-C砖渣静态侵蚀后的显微结构分析

铁水预处理用鱼雷罐、铁水罐的炉衬多为Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＣＣ砖,随着铁水脱硫量的加大,耐火材料的侵蚀也较严重。而现在由于市场需要钢水中的磷含量要求较低,脱磷处理过程中由于国外多采用氧化铁系脱磷剂,氧化亚铁对石墨的氧化很大,对炉衬侵蚀也大,这就要求对Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＣＣ砖的性能进行改进以适宜工艺需要。国内对脱磷的研究较少,实际生产对铁水进行脱磷处理的厂家也很少。为探讨脱硫、磷剂对耐火材料的影响,本文对不同脱硫、磷剂侵蚀Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＣＣ砖后的残砖的显微结构进行了分析,探讨了铝碳化硅碳砖的侵蚀原…     

砖住宅楼系列模型地震模拟试验设计--多层砖房抗震性能三向振动台试验研究之一

为保障住户地震安全和进一步研究多层砖房的抗震性能,由企业出资与研究所合作,在三向振动台上进行以四幢砖住宅为一系列的模型试验.本文为其研究论文之一,着重阐述在系列模型的设计中和地震模拟试验中的关键技术以及试验的最终结果.     

基于FEA的填充墙与隔震器协同抗震系统性能分析

隔震器与填充墙对建筑抗震性能有很大作用。为了探究填充墙布置形式及填充材料和隔震器协同作用对钢筋混凝土框架结构动力特性及抗震性能的影响,采用等效斜撑理论,对3种不同填充墙布置形式与隔震器协同作用的抗震系统方案进行对比分析,研究发现顶层不布置填充墙与隔震器协同抗震系统钢筋混凝土框架结构的抗震性能最佳。在此系统上分析了不同填充材料对钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能的影响,结果表明,加气混凝土砌块填充墙的钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能最好。     

Pushover-based seismic risk assessment and loss estimation of masonry buildings

A pushover-based seismic risk assessment and loss estimation methodology for masonry buildings is introduced. It enables estimation of loss by various performance measures such as the probability of exceeding a designated economic loss, the expected annual loss, and the expected loss given a seismic intensity. The methodology enables the estimation of the economic loss directly from the results of structural analysis, which combines pushover analysis and incremental dynamic analysis of an equivalent SDOF model. The use of the methodology is demonstrated by means of two variants of a three-storey masonry building both of which have the same geometry, but they are built, respectively, from hollow clay masonry (model H) and solid brick masonry (model S). The probability of collapse given the selected design earthquake corresponding to a return period of 475 years was found to be negligible for model H, which indicates the proper behaviour of such a structure when designed according to the current building codes. However, the corresponding probability of collapse of model S was very high (46%). The expected total loss given the design earthquake was estimated to amount to 28 000 € and 290 000 €, respectively, for models H and S. The expected annual loss per 100 m² of gross floor area was estimated to amount to 75 € and 191 €, respectively, for models H and S. For the presented examples, it was also observed that nonstructural elements contributed more than 50% of the total loss.