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文中研究在粒状铁化学还原三氯乙烯渗透反应格栅和生物降解苯和甲苯渗透反应格栅的联合格栅技术中,下游生物降解格栅中铁还原环境下微生物对苯和甲苯的生物降解。通过模拟粒状铁渗透反应格栅下游铁还原环境,主要研究微生物以苯、甲苯作为碳源时,对碳源的专一性。通过批实验发现,对于分别用苯和甲苯培养驯化的微生物,互换碳源后,微生物对2 000.00μg/L苯和甲苯的生物降解半衰期分别由之前的1.0和1.5 d减少到0.7和1.0 d,互换碳源后苯和甲苯的去除率分别增加38%和32%。在粒状铁渗透反应格栅下游生物降解渗透反应格栅中,微生物在铁还原环境下以苯、甲苯作为碳源时对碳源没有专一性,苯和甲苯可以同时被生物降解去除。 相似文献
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Engineering Nanoparticles(ENPs)’superior characteristics of adsorption depends on their dispersion in the medium.In this study,multi-walled carbon nanotubes(nonmetal),iron nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles(metallic simple substance),and Nano-TiO2,Nano-Fe2O3 and Nano-ZnO(metal oxide)were selected and respectively added into pure water and aqueous solution with 1%Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)surfactant.The dispersion effects were compared by leaving the solutions standing at room temperature under ultrasound.The results show that the dispersion of iron nanoparticles is the lowestamong the six ENPs,and that of multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCTS)is the highest.Adding anionic surfactants(SDBS)can obviously improve the dispersion performance of ENPs.The concentration of solution decreases by only 5%in 10 daysafter adding 1%SDBS for ultrasonic dispersion. 相似文献
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首次用滴体积法比较系统地测定苯、甲苯与海水在不同温度(20~35℃)、不同盐度(0~40.5)范围内的界面张力。测定值相对误差小于0.5%。用统计方法得出这两个芳烃与海水界面张力分别与温度和盐度的经验公式。指出:公式计算值与实验测定值之间平均标准偏差<0.1mN/m。 相似文献
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苯酚和十二烷基苯磺酸钠对奥尼罗非鱼的急性毒性及安全评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用苯酚和十二烷基苯磺酸钠对奥尼罗非鱼进行急性毒性实验,以评价其在水环境中对奥尼罗非鱼的影响。研究表明:苯酚对奥尼罗非鱼的24、48、96 h的LC50分别为40.33、34.23、28.07 mg/L,十二烷基苯磺酸钠分别为10.06、9.14、8.48 mg/L;苯酚对奥尼罗非鱼SC及最大容许浓度MPC分别为2.807、0.281 mg/L,十二烷基苯磺酸钠对奥尼罗非鱼SC为0.848 mg/L,最大容许浓度MPC为0.085 mg/L。 相似文献
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Characteristics of distribution and transport of petroleum contaminants in fracture-karst water in Zibo Area, Shandong Province, China 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Fracture-karst water is an important water resource for the water supply in North China. Petroleum contamination is one of
the most problematic types of the groundwater pollution. The characteristics of distribution and transport of the petroleum
contaminants in fracture-karst water are different from those in porous water. The flow velocity of fracture-karst water is
much faster than the velocity of porous water on an average. Therefore, contaminant transport in fracture-karst water is an
absolute advection-dominated problem. The plume of the petroleum contamination may extend to several kilometers from pollution
sources. It was not caused by the oil pool floating on the water table but by the oil components dissolved and scattered in
groundwater. The distribution of the petroleum contaminants over space are concentrated in the strong conductive zone on the
plane. On the vertical section the highest concentration of the oil contaminants appeared in the strata where the contamination
sources were located. The concentrations of the oil contaminants in wells changed greatly over time. Therefore, the curves
of concentration versus time fluctuated greatly. The reasons are as follows. (a) Fracture-karst water has a very great velocity.
(b) Local flow fields which were caused by pumping and stoppage in some wells changed frequently. (c) In fracture-karst aquifer
the transport channels are complicated. (d) Residual oil in vadose zone was leached after rainfall. It is of great practical
value for the control and remediation of petroleum contamination in fracture-karst aquifer to understand those characteristics. 相似文献
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