地震静校正全局最优化问题的求解

针对地震静校正存在的非线性和多参数性等问题，本文提出了一种全局优化的剩余静校正方法.在模型更新规则上，把模拟退火方法和均匀优化设计方法结合在一起，使模型的更新更为合理，从而加快了搜寻全局最优解的速度.同时提出了模型的不同分量的温度参数和退火过程的选取方式，把温度参数的选取与地震剖面的能量联系起来，使温度参数的选取具有自适应的特点.该方法克服了常规模拟退火方法所具有的寻优空间不均匀以及退火参数需通过多次试验选取的缺陷.通过实际地震资料的计算证明，本文提出的方法对地震静校正问题合理而有效.     

辽宁省区域性大雾预报研究

通过对1994—2002年9年辽宁区域地面图的普查,得到了辽宁区域性大雾天气(大于等于5个地市,能见度小于0.5 km)共有73次。分析近10年区域性大雾天气过程得到了区域性大雾的时空分布特征。普查区域性大雾过程发生时的常规气象资料,进行区域性大雾天气分型。分析辽宁省各种区域性大雾的成因及要素演变特征,从中提取预报指标,建立预报流程,用PP法建立区域性大雾的客观预报方法。     

Vertical vibration of a rigid strip footing on viscoelastic half-space

This paper presents an analytical method for modeling the dynamic response of a rigid strip footing subjected to vertical-only loads. The footing is assumed to rest on the surface of a viscoelastic half-space; therefore, effects of hysteretic soil damping on the impedance of the foundation and the generated ground vibrations are considered in the solution. To solve the mixed boundary value problem, we use the Fourier transform to cast a pair of dual integral equations providing contact stresses, which are solved by means of Jacobi orthogonal polynomials. The resulting soil and footing displacements and stresses are obtained by means of the Fourier inverse transform. The solution provides more realistic estimates of footing impedance, compared to existing solutions for elastic soil, as well as of the attenuation of ground vibrations with distance of the footing. The latter is important for the estimation of machine vibration effects on nearby structures and installations.     

用于地球物理反演的均匀设计优化算法

将均匀设计、模拟退火和单纯形方法相结合，提出一种全局优化迭代算法．数值模拟表明，它具有搜索速度快、搜索能力强和不需要求导数的特点，可用于地球物理反演研究．     

层状饱和场地中圆柱形基础的阻抗函数

本文利用间接边界元法,建立层状饱和场地中三维土-基础动力相互作用模型,研究了孔隙中流体的存在、场地动力特性和圆柱形基础的高度对基础阻抗函数的影响。数值结果表明,孔隙中流体的存在对基础阻抗函数有明显的影响,尤其是水平和竖向分量;场地动力特性也对基础阻抗函数有明显的影响,层状饱和场地中阻抗函数围绕相应均匀半空间结果振荡,且基岩与土层刚度比越大或土层厚度越小,振荡的幅度越大,土层厚度越小,振荡的周期越小;另外,基础高度也对阻抗函数有明显的影响,随基础高度增大,阻抗函数逐渐增大。     

Time domain method for calculating free field motion of a layered half-space subjected to obliquely incident body waves

In numerical simulation of wave scattering under oblique incident body waves using the finite element method, the free field motion at the incident lateral boundary induced by the background layered half-space complicates the computational area. In order to replace the complex frequency domain method, a time-domain method to calculate the free field motion of a layered half-space subjected to oblique incident body waves is developed in this paper. The new method decouples the equations of motion used in the finite element method and offers an interpolation formula of the free field motion. This formula is based on the fact that the apparent horizontal velocity of the free field motion is constant and can be calculated exactly. Both the theoretical analysis and numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method offers a high degree of accuracy.     

对正热电离质谱法硼同位素测定的实验设计和条件优化

为了确定正热电离质谱法测定硼同位素时的最佳实验条件 ,采用均匀设计法进行实验表头设计 ,并用MATLAB进行数据处理和回归模型优化。将最佳优化条件应用于硼同位素测定中 ,得到了与理论计算相吻合的高精度测定结果。     

Probabilistic versus deterministic seismic hazard analysis: an integrated approach for siting problems

A methodology is proposed to determine design earthquakes for site-specific studies such as the siting of critical structures (power plants, waste disposals, large dams, etc.), strategic structures (fire stations, military commands, hospitals, etc.), or for seismic microzoning studies, matching the results of probabilistic seismic hazard analyses. This goal is achieved by calculating the source contribution to hazard and the magnitude–distance deaggregation, showing that, varying the selected frequency and the level of hazard, the reference earthquakes are changed as a result. A procedure is then adopted to minimize the residuals between the uniform hazard spectrum (target motion) and the design earthquake spectrum, to provide a specific earthquake scenario encompassing all the frequencies of the target motion. Finally, some considerations on the use and the influence exerted by ground motion uncertainty (σ) on hazard deaggregation are outlined.     

Elastic solutions for a transversely isotropic half-space subjected to buried asymmetric-loads

Elastic closed-form solutions for the displacements and stresses in a transversely isotropic half-space subjected to various buried loading types are presented. The loading types include finite line loads and asymmetric loads (such as uniform and linearly varying rectangular loads, or trapezoidal loads). The planes of transverse isotropy are assumed to be parallel to its horizontal surface. These solutions are directly obtained from integrating the point load solutions in a transversely isotropic half-space, which were derived using the principle of superposition, Fourier and Hankel transformation techniques. The solutions for the displacements and stresses in transversely isotropic half-spaces subjected to linearly variable loads on a rectangular region are never mentioned in literature. These exact solutions indicate that the displacements and stresses are influenced by several factors, such as the buried depth, the loading types, and the degree and type of rock anisotropy. Two illustrative examples, a vertical uniform and a vertical linearly varying rectangular load acting on the surface of transversely isotropic rock masses, are presented to show the effect of various parameters on the vertical surface displacement and vertical stress. The results indicate that the displacement and stress distributions accounted for rock anisotropy are quite different for those calculated from isotropic solutions. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.