半封闭海湾潮间带部分围垦后纳潮量计算的商榷——以胶州湾为例

传统的海湾(泻湖)纳潮量计算方法不能精确地反映潮间带被部分围垦后纳潮量的实际情况,本考虑围堤的影响,将纳潮量分解为堤基以下的“梯形”区和堤基以上的“矩形”区两部分之和,在理论上更加严密。根据改进后方法算出的胶州湾近期纳潮量比传统方法算出的纳潮量大15％左右。可见,半个多世纪以来胶州湾的纳潮量只减少了约15％．而不是传统方法得出的约25％。     

基于Oracle的高光谱影像数据库研究

为有效地组织和管理高光谱影像,本文提出了基于Oracle数据库平台的高光谱影像存储和管理的解决方案。基于对象关系-模型设计了光谱数据表组+属性数据表组的存储规范以及波段独立顺列式、波段集中整合式以及表单位式的三种存储模式。采用地形瓦片和影像金字塔的快速索引结构设计和建立了高光谱影像数据库的原型。     

基于多源数据分析维多利亚湖流域水储量变化

本文利用CSR发布的GRACE RL06时变重力场模型,结合两种水文模式、卫星测高、降雨和蒸散等多源数据,从多个角度综合系统地分析维多利亚湖流域2003-01-2017-06的陆地水储量变化.比较了正向建模方法和单一尺度因子对泄漏误差的改正效果,经对比采用正向建模方法在此流域效果更好.基于多源数据得出以下三点与此前研究不同的结论：（1）GRACE RL06版本数据探测到流域内的水储量在2003-01-2017-06呈增加趋势,球谐位系数和Mascon产品得到的变化速率分别为14.9 mm·a^-1和16.7 mm·a^-1,观测误差小于RL05版本的结果,RL05版本低估了流域水储量的变化速率;（2）2013-01-2016-02期间GRACE和测高探测到湖泊水量增长,而水文模式探测到流域内水储量减少,推测这一现象由大坝蓄水造成;（3）受El Niño事件影响,2016-03-2017-06流域降雨减少,流域水储量减少,GRACE球谐位系数和Mascon探测到的变化速率分别为-100.3 mm·a^-1和-129.7 mm·a^-1.本文结果表明卫星观测数据可为在缺乏直接观测数据的情况下分析人类活动和自然变化对区域水储量的影响提供一种可行的途径,这也为研究我国湖泊流域水储量变化提供参考.

     

深圳抽水蓄能电站水压致裂法三维地应力测量和分析

由于水压致裂法地应力测量的突出优点已在国内外得到广泛应用,但以往只能测量钻孔横截面上的二维应力状态。近期兴起的水压致裂法三维地应力测量,已在多个工程中得到应用。深圳抽水蓄能电站采用了3个不同方向钻孔测量法和单钻孔测量法进行了三维地应力测量,得到了很好的测量成果。其中单钻孔三维地应力测量,在近水平向和铅垂向两个钻孔中应用。三维地应力测量成果不仅得到了相应钻孔横截面上和原生裂隙面上二维应力实测值的检验,而且得到了同一位置两种不同三维地应力测量方法的相互印证,和同一个钻孔（铅垂向）中套芯应力解除法三维地应力实测值的印证。两种水压致裂法三维地应力测量成果（单钻孔测量法包含了非铅垂向和铅垂向钻孔的两种测量法）非常一致,能够代表该测量区的地应力状态。     

Indication of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes on the characteristics and circulation patterns of medium-low temperature geothermal resources in the Guanzhong Basin,China

Guanzhong Basin is a typical medium-low temperature geothermal field mainly controlled by geo-pressure in the west of China.The characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes were used to analyze the flow and storage modes of geothermal resources in the basin.In this paper,the basin was divided into six geotectonic units,where a total of 121 samples were collected from geothermal wells and surface water bodies for the analysis of hydrogen-oxygen isotopes.Analytical results show that the isotopic signatures of hydrogen and oxygen throughout Guanzhong Basin reveal a trend of gradual increase from the basin edge areas to the basin center.In terms of recharge systems,the area in the south edge belongs to the geothermal system of Qinling Mountain piedmont,while to the north of Weihe fault is the geothermal system of North mountain piedmont,where the atmospheric temperature is about 0.2℃-1.8℃in the recharge areas.The main factors that affect the geothermal waterδ18O drifting include the depth of geothermal reservoir and temperature of geothermal reservoir,lithological characteristics,water-rock interaction,geothermal reservoir environment and residence time.Theδ18O-δD relation shows that the main source is the meteoric water,together with some sedimentary water,but there are no deep magmatic water and mantle water which recharge the geothermal water in the basin.Through examining the distribution pattern of hydrogen-oxygen isotopic signatures,the groundwater circulation model of this basin can be divided into open circulation type,semi-open type,closed type and sedimentary type.This provides some important information for rational exploitation of the geothermal resources.     

北京市永定河地下水库水资源储蓄能力研究

北京市永定河冲洪积扇中上部,具备建设地下水库的基本条件。本文在确定永定河地下水库水资源人工补给方式的基础上,分析了各方式的入渗能力,提出了地下水库的人工补给方案,利用地下水数值模拟的预测结果和有效储水率计算公式,首次研究了地下水库的储水能力,分析了永定河地下水库的水资源补给效果。结果表明,永定河地下水库水资源人工补给能力最大可达18．93m^3／s,回灌地表水2．42×108m^3的情况下地下水位最大回升32m,地下水储存量增加2．09×108m^3,回灌后1年和5年的有效蓄水率分别为78．6％和46．8％,北京永定河地下水库具有较好水资源回灌能力、储存能力,地下水人工调蓄能够起到明显的效果。     

A new concept to forecast the process of suspended sediment accumulation in the bottom sediment of small reservoirs

The new concept presented for forecasting the rate of accumulation of suspended sediment in reservoir water in the bottom sediment allows reasonable estimates of the siltation process globally, regionally, or locally, to be obtained without the need for costly research. The method draws on three key parameters, i.e., the concentration of suspended sediments (SS), and its organic matter (OM_SS) content, as well as the storage capacity (V_R) (i.e., the water storage in the reservoir). All of these parameters easy to determine, with information on them, in fact, made widely available by most agencies managing reservoirs in different parts of the world. In practice, the proposed method can represent a missing link in the precise determination of a reservoirs rate of siltation (and hence, losses of storage capacity).     

黄海中华哲水蚤C5发育期油脂积累初步研究

根据9个黄海调查航次的数据,研究了黄海中华哲水蚤C5发育期油脂积累的区域、季节变化,并探讨了中华哲水蚤油脂积累对其生理、生活史的可能作用。在黄海近岸海域,中华哲水蚤C5期油囊体积常年较小;而在陆架海域则表现出明显的季节差异。在陆架区,C5期的油囊体积与度夏过程联系密切：最大油囊体积（可占前体部体积的30%以上）出现于度...     

裂缝性潜山油藏储集体岩性定量识别———以埕北30 太古界潜山储集体为例

由于油井取芯费用高昂加之油层保护的需要,不可能大量取芯,因此利用少量的岩芯资料,结合其它一些手段来预测未取芯井段的岩性,就成为有效识别和预测潜山储层分布的重要途径之一。该文针对埕北30 太古界潜山储集体,运用BP神经网络技术对测井资料进行了潜山储集体岩性的定量识别,经与岩芯观察、薄片分析、成像测井结果对比检验, 符合率达到了90%,从而为开展潜山油藏裂缝预测研究奠定了基础。