Li_2O-(Mg、Zn、Ni)O-V_2O_5三元体系的相平衡

对Li_2O-(Mg、Zn、Ni)O-V_2O_5三元体系在500—800℃相图的研究表明,在每个系统内部都出现了一个依端员组分摩尔比为1:2:1的化合物。即橄榄石型的LiMgVO_4,硅铍石型的LiZnVO_4和尖晶石型的LiNiVO_4。不同的是,Li_2O-MgO-V_2O_5中发现了第二个三元相和一个固溶体。LiO_2-NiO-V_2O_6中得出一个固溶体,而LiZnNO_4中未得固溶体。     

习水县岩溶水系统ρ(Sr2+)、ρ(Sr)/ρ(Ca)、ρ(Sr)/ρ(Mg)分布特征及其应用

通过对流域内不同类型水取样分析,发现流经不同岩层的地下水具有不同的ρ(Sr2+)、ρ(Sr)/ρ(Ca)、ρ(Sr)/ρ(Mg)值.一般来说,流经砂岩层的基岩裂隙水ρ(Sr2+)低,而ρ(Sr)/ρ(Ca)、ρ(Sr)/ρ(Mg)值较高,当砂岩中的基岩裂隙水受到灰岩岩溶水或煤系地层水补给时,其ρ(Sr2+)、ρ( Sr...     

有孔虫壳体的Mg/Ca比值在古环境研究中的应用

有孔虫壳体的Mg/Ca比值测定是目前估算海水古温度最受重视的方法,适用于低纬和高纬、表层和深层海水古温度的测定。该方法理论误差仅为±1.1℃,考虑到盐度以及海水pH值的影响,其误差为±1.3℃。运用此法推算出的热带海区表层海水温度领先于全球冰盖的变化,是热带过程调控冰期旋回最强有力的证据之一;与氧同位素相结合,还成功地运用于全球冰量的估算,是目前古环境研究中较常用的古温度测试手段。     

Garnet-biotite diffusion mechanisms in complex high-grade orogenic belts: Understanding and constraining petrological cooling rates in granulites from Ribeira Fold Belt (SE Brazil)

Cooling rates based on the retrograde diffusion of Fe²⁺ and Mg between garnet and biotite inclusions commonly show two contrasting scenarios: a) narrow closure temperature range with apparent absence of retrograde diffusion; or b) high result dispersion due to compositional variations in garnet and biotite. Cooling rates from migmatites, felsic and mafic granulites from Ribeira Fold Belt (SE Brazil) also show these two scenarios. Although the former can be explained by very fast cooling, the latter is often the result of open-system behaviour caused by deformation. Retrogressive cooling during the exhumation of granulite-facies rocks is often processed by thrusting and shearing which may cause plastic deformation, fractures and cracks in the garnet megablasts, allowing chemical diffusion outside the garnet megablast – biotite inclusion system.However, a careful use of garnets and biotites with large Fe/Mg variation and software that reduces result dispersion provides a good correlation between closure temperatures and the size of biotite inclusions which are mostly due to diffusion and compositional readjustment to thermal evolution during retrogression.Results show that felsic and mafic granulites have low cooling rates (1–2 °C/Ma) at higher temperatures and high cooling rates (∼100 °C/Ma) at lower temperatures, suggesting a two-step cooling/exhumation process, whereas migmatites show a small decrease in cooling rates during cooling (from 2.0 to 0.5 °C/Ma). These results agree with previously obtained thermochronological data, which indicates that this method is a valid tool to obtain meaningful petrological cooling rates in complex high-grade orogenic belts, such as the Ribeira Fold Belt.     

The study of Mg isotope compositions of terrestrial rocks and meteorites

The study of Mg isotopes has been carried out for about 40 years since 1970 s. With analytical progress, the study is not only limited to the excess of 26Mg due to decay of short-lived 26Al in primitive meteorites, also extended to mass-dependent fractionation of Mg isotopes in meteorites and terrestrial rocks. This paper reviews recent development in Mg isotope researches.     

Sea surface temperature and salinity reconstruction based on stable isotopes and Mg/Ca of planktonic foraminifera in the western Pacific Warm Pool during the last 155 ka

Changes in sea surface temperature(SST), seawater oxygen isotope(δ 18 O sw), and local salinity proxy(δ 18 O sw-ss) in the past 155 ka were studied using a sediment core(MD06-3052) from the northern edge of the western Pacifi c Warm Pool(WPWP), within the fl ow path of the bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current. Our records reveal a lead-lag relationship between paired Mg/Ca-SST and δ 18 O during Termination II and the last interglacial period. Similarity in SST between our site and the Antarctic temperature proxy and in CO 2 profi le showed a close connection between the WPWP and the Antarctic. Values of δ 18 O sw exhibited very similar variations to those of mean ocean δ 18 O sw, owing to the past sea-level changes on glacial-interglacial timescale. Calculated values of δ 18 O sw-ss refl ect a more saline condition during high local summer insolation(SI) periods. Such correspondence between δ 18 O sw-ss and local SI in the WPWP may refl ect complex interaction between ENSO and monsoon, which was stimulated by changes in solar irradiance and their infl uence on the local hydrologic cycle. This then caused a striking reorganization of atmospheric circulation over the WPWP.     

Preparation of Mg/Al Layered Double Hydroxides by Buffer Solution Method and Cr（Ⅵ） Adsorption Characteristics

利用氨水-氯化铵体系在pH 9～10时具有缓冲能力的特点,以其作为沉淀剂成功合成了镁铝水滑石（Mg3Al-Cl-LDHs）,采用XRD、FT-IR、TG-DTA等手段对材料结构进行表征,并测试了合成Mg3Al-Cl-LDHs样品对溶液中Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附性能。研究结果表明,缓冲溶液法制备的Mg3Al-Cl-LDHs材料晶相单一,晶面生长的有序程度较高,结晶度较好。晶胞参数a=0.3106 nm,c=2.367 nm,粒子尺寸约为36.44 nm。其热分解过程包括水滑石层间结构水脱除和层板羟基脱水、氯离子分解两个步骤。Mg3Al-Cl-LDHs对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附主要发生在0～1 h内,随着时间的增长吸附量先增加后趋于平缓;温度对Cr（Ⅵ）吸附量影响不大,在常温下即可进行;随着pH值的减小,饱和吸附量先增大后减小,在pH 6时吸附效果较好;2价与3价竞争阴离子比1价阴离子对吸附性能的影响更大。在最佳吸附条件下,Mg3Al-Cl-LDHs对Cr（Ⅵ）的饱和吸附量可达58.73 mg/g,有望应用于实际Cr（Ⅵ）废水处理。     

华夏陆块钠质高镁玄武岩地球化学特征及地质意义

赣州盆地位于钦杭(钦州—杭州)结合带南侧华夏陆块西部,由晚白垩世早期红色碎屑沉积岩系组成,其底部夹有一套玄武岩,全岩Si O_2含量为46.50%~48.13%,具有钠质高镁特征(Mg O=15.47%~18.24%,Mg~#=74~77,K_2O/Na_2O=0.22~0.39)。稀土元素配分型式表现出轻稀土富集右倾,没有明显的Eu异常的特点,表明岩浆没有明显的斜长石分离结晶作用;微量元素上富集大离子亲石元素,高场强元素特别是Ta、Nb、Ti亏损不明显,Cr、Ni的含量分别为235×10~(-6)~617×10~(-6)、157×10~(-6)~493×10~(-6),与原生岩浆的Cr、Ni含量接近,Ba/Nb值(13.51~23.18)和La/Nb值(0.82~1.03)表明源区有富集地幔组分;Sr—Nd—Pb—O同位素显示出源区性质具有EMⅡ型富集地幔特征。岩石学和地球化学特征表明,玄武岩具有原生岩浆性质,是富集地幔部分熔融的产物。同时为中生代华夏陆块EMⅡ型岩石圈地幔提供了准确的证据。由赣州盆地晚白垩世构造背景和构造环境判别图解可知,本区玄武岩形成于板内拉张环境,可能与古太平洋俯冲条件的转变有关。     

炼镁用白云岩的工业要求及矿床勘探工作原则

皮江法炼镁工艺对白云岩原料的特定技术要求,提出了炼镁用白云岩矿床的勘探工业指标的矿床勘探原则,对我国今后进行这个矿种的勘探工作具有现实的技术户经济意义。