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1.
Huijun Jin Zhi Wei Shaoling Wang Qihao Yu Lanzhi Lü Qingbai Wu Yanjun Ji 《Engineering Geology》2008,101(3-4):96-109
The Qinghai–Tibet Highway and Railway (the Corridor) across the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau traverses 670 km of permafrost and seasonally frozen-ground in the interior of the Plateau, which is sensitive to climatic and anthropogenic environmental changes. The frozen-ground conditions for engineering geology along the Corridor is complicated by the variability in the near-surface lithology, and the mosaic presence of warm permafrost and talik in a periglacial environment. Differential settlement is the major frost-effect problem encountered over permafrost areas. The traditional classification of frozen ground based on the areal distribution of permafrost is too generalized for engineering purposes and a more refined classification is necessary for engineering design and construction. A proposed classification of 51 zones, sub-zones, and sections of frozen ground has been widely adopted for the design and construction of foundations in the portion of the Corridor studied. The mean annual ground temperature (MAGT), near-surface soil types and moisture content, and active faults and topography are most commonly the primary controlling factors in this classification. However, other factors, such as local microreliefs, drainage conditions, and snow and vegetation covers also exert important influences on the features of frozen ground. About 60% of the total length of the Corridor studied possesses reasonably good frozen-ground conditions, which do not need special mitigative measures for frost hazards. However, other sections, such as warm and ice-rich or -saturated permafrost, particularly in the sections in wetlands, ground improvement measures such as elevated land bridges and passive or proactive cooling techniques need to be applied to ensure the long-term stability of thermally unstable, thick permafrost subsoils, and/or refill with non-frost-susceptible soils. Due to the long-history of the construction and management of the Corridor by various government departments, adverse impacts of construction and operation on the permafrost environment have been resulted. It is recommended that an integrated, executable plan for the routing of major construction projects within this transportation corridor be established and long-term monitoring networks installed for evaluating and mitigating the impact from anthropogenic and climatic changes in frozen-ground conditions. 相似文献
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钢筋混凝土桩网复合地基是一种新的地基处理技术。本文对适用于钢筋混凝土桩网复合地基沉降计算的方法进行探讨。 相似文献
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标准贯人(“标贯”)试验锤击数,要确定粘性土地基承载力标准值简易计算公式。将经杆长修正的标准贯人击数N进行统计分析,再把修正击数平均值带人相关方程,计算粘性土的承载力标准值fk,从而简化了计算过程。 相似文献
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Quantitative basin characterisation to refine debris-flow triggering criteria and processes: an example from the Italian Western Alps 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
This paper investigates rapid channelized debris flow related to rainfalls in small alpine basins. Its goal is to evaluate
and correlate different geological and technical aspects with predisposing and triggering factors that can control these phenomena.
The study area is the upper part of the Susa Valley where 12 small basins were selected. For each of them, lithological, geomorphological,
climatic and technical information were mapped and analysed. Debris-flow triggering conditions, flow and depositional processes
were related to physical characteristics of the basin that can be easily measured and quantified. At least three different
groups of basins were found: G1) basins with one event each 4–6 years, characterised by massive or blocky calcareous rocks,
G2) basins with more than one event per year that show an abundance of layered or sheared fine-grained rocks and G3) basins
with recurrence levels exceeding 10 years, activated only by heavy and prolonged rainfalls, marked by massive or blocky coarse-grained
igneous rocks. Furthermore, important morphometric differences were found. These considerations are useful in terms of hazard
zonation and risk mitigation. 相似文献
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Engineering geological studies and tunnel support design at Sulakyurt dam site, Turkey 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
H. Basarir 《Engineering Geology》2006,86(4):225-237
This paper presents the results of engineering geological investigations and tunnel support design studies, carried out at the Sulakyurt dam site, northeast of Ankara, Turkey. The Sulakyurt dam will be used for flow control and water storage for irrigation projects. Studies were carried out both in the field and the laboratory. Field studies include engineering geological mapping, intensive discontinuity surveying, core drilling and sampling for laboratory testing. The diversion tunnel will be driven in rock mass, consisting of granite and diorite. Empirical, analytical and numerical methods were combined for safe tunnel design. Rock mass rating (RMR), Rock mass quality (Q) and Geological strength index (GSI) systems were used for empirical rock mass quality determination, site characterization and support design. The convergence–confinement method was used as analytical method and software called Phase2, a 2D finite element program, was utilized as numerical method. According to the results acquired from the empirical, analytical and numerical methods, tunnel stability problems were expected in both granite and diorite rock masses. The support system, suggested by empirical methods, was applied and the performance of suggested support system was evaluated by means of numerical modelling. It was concluded that the suggested support systems were adequate, since after applying the suggested support system to granite and diorite, tunnel deformation and the yielded elements around the tunnel decreased significantly. Thus, it is suggested that for more reliable support design empirical, numerical and analytical methods should be combined. 相似文献
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工程场地的特征与工程地质分区 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
工程场地与城市在空间尺度上相去甚远 ,但工程场地所具备的与环境行为相近的共性 ,使其属性分析可以推广应用到城市建设所面对的整个工程地质环境。从这一意义上说 ,工程场地是整个城市宏观工程地质环境的微观单元 ,众多微观单元的组合构成了环境的宏观总体。为此 ,工程场地的三大属性特性、适宜性、稳定性 ,可以作为城市工程地质环境分析中分析方法的基础。从工程场地分析推广到城市工程地质环境分析 ,还将有助于保证城市工程地质环境分析的定量化水平。 相似文献