雁南煤矿北二采区充水因素及开采影响评价

在全面分析大雁矿业集团公司雁南煤矿北二采区的水文地质条件及煤层开采矿井充水因素的基础上,计算了开采27^1号煤层时导水裂隙带发育高度．得出了北二采区各煤层工作面开采即不会受到上部砂砾含水层的影响,雁南煤矿铁路涵洞以西的胜利河冲击沟也不会受到北二采区的采动塌陷影响的结论。     

Particle size dependent response of aerosol counters

During an international workshop at the Institute for Experimental Physics of the University of Vienna, Austria, which was coordinated within the Committee on Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols (IAMAS-IUGG), 10 instruments for aerosol number concentration measurement were studied, covering a wide range of methods based on various different measuring principles. In order to investigate the detection limits of the instruments considered with respect to particle size, simultaneous number concentration measurements were performed for monodispersed aerosols with particle sizes ranging from 1.5 to 50 nm diameter and various compositions.The instruments considered show quite different response characteristics, apparently related to the different vapors used in the various counters to enlarge the particles to an optically detectable size. A strong dependence of the 50% cutoff diameter on the particle composition in correlation with the type of vapor used in the specific instrument was found. An enhanced detection efficiency for ultrafine hygroscopic sodium chloride aerosols was observed with water operated systems, an analogous trend was found for n-butanol operated systems with nonhygroscopic silver and tungsten oxide particles.     

Pilot‐Scale Degradation of Organic Contaminants in a Continuous‐flow Reactor by the Helielectro‐Fenton Method

The feasibility of pilot‐scale mineralization of organic pollutants in wastewaters using the Electro‐Fenton® process is demonstrated. The treatment was applied in a continuous‐flow reactor, to solutions of nitrobenzene, 2,4‐D and benzoic acid and to actual wastewaters from a fine chemicals company along with a pulp and paper company. The results showed mineralization yields from 60 to 84% by simply applying the Electro‐Fenton® process. When a subsequent exposure to sunlight was carried out (Helielectro‐Fenton method), this mineralization almost went to completion, except for the effluent from the fine chemicals industry.     

四平地震台地质构造环境及区域岩层电性结构特征

本文在前人工作成果的基础上,结合１９７５年,１９９４年两次选测台址以及四平地震台多年工作,扼要阐述了四平地震台地质构造环境和区域岩层电性结构特征。     

吉林夹皮沟金矿带电、磁场与流体中成矿元素运移、富集效应

本文以吉林夹皮沟金矿带为例,通过板块碰撞或旋转所产生的磁斥力和电场来探讨流体中成矿元素运移和富集机制。基于块体转动与岩石剩磁磁斥力的产生,岩石电、磁场的形成和阴 阳离子相向漂移的地质证据及成矿流体与磁感应矢量、电导率间对应关系的讨论,表明:1)成矿元素的富集发生于新旧电、磁场交替变化过程中;2)岩石电场正、负极控制阴、阳离子作相向漂移运动,是流体中成矿元素运移、富集的主要控制因素之一;3)深大断裂界面间的磁斥力是Au、Ag、Cu、Pb和Zn等有色多金属抗磁性元素成矿的有利场所。     

带压开采技术在采面回采中的运用实践

平顶山市瑞平公司张村矿二1-11080采面最低标高-306.0m,最高水位+90m,承受的最大水压3.96MPa,临界突水系数0.088MPa/m,属带压采面。为保证采面回采过程中不发生突水事故,采面首先进行了地面三维地震勘探、瞬变电法勘探,进而在掘进期间又进行了瞬变电磁及高分辨电法仪联合探测,最后结合突水系数法,圈定了采面突水异常区。在生产期间,通过完善排水系统、重点区域的注浆改造,最终实现了采面的带压开采。结果表明,采面涌水量小于5m3/h,采出原煤78万t,经济效益和社会效益显著。     

吴堡矿区首采地段水文地质特征及矿床充水条件分析

从鄂尔多斯盆地东部地下水类型、含水岩组等区域水文地质条件入手,对陕北石炭二叠纪煤田吴堡矿区首期开采地段水文地质条件进行了分析。分析表明,区内第四系松散层含水层在首采区虽然分别较广,但水量相对较小,正常情况下与其下含水层贯通的可能性较小,对于煤矿开采影响较小;基岩风化裂隙潜水、太原组灰岩溶隙裂隙及砂岩裂隙承压水及奥陶系灰岩岩溶承压水是煤矿开采中最为主要的突水类型。从矿坑充水水源、充水通道和充水强度角度对首期开采地段进行了矿床充水因素的研究。研究认为,矿井充水水源为煤层顶底板砂岩裂隙水、灰岩裂隙溶隙承压水及奥陶系岩溶承压水;充水通道主要是煤层开采后顶板形成的冒落带和导水裂隙带以及底板受其承压水的影响而产生的破坏带。建议在矿井设计前对首采地段进行三维地震勘探,进一步查明区内断层性质、规模和易发生矿井涌水的部位,为建井设计、矿坑底板的突水和防治提供依据。     

煤矿采区三维地震探采对比效果的分析与思考

通过介绍兖州、淮南等11个矿区20多个煤矿采区三维地震成果,对各矿探采对比情况进行统计与分析,总结出影响三维地震勘探成果精度的5个技术问题,并指出造成这些问题的3个主要原因,即:野外施工质量普遍下降;方法研究工作严重滞后;三维地震资料二维解释仍很普遍。为提高采区三维地震勘探成果精度提出了6点建议,即:推广高密度三维地震技术,解决精细探查问题;围绕共性关键问题,开展攻关研究与示范应用;发挥产学研结合优势,挖掘现有技术的潜力;加强地震行业自律,施行市场准入制度;集中优势技术力量,加强基础理论研究以及开展煤矿井下地震技术研发,提高地质保障水平。