大规模真实感三维地形技术综述

计算机虚拟仿真领域的地形构建及显示方法的研究动态,描述三维地形建模、基于视点相关的细分简化、基于块的格网简化、模型的纹理映射和显示控制、误差度量中,分析和总结几个主要方法的特点及使用场合．     

浙江及邻区尾波Q值研究

基于单次散射(Aki)模型,利用2000年至今浙江及安徽台网记录的37次ML3.0以上地震的数字地震波资料,计算了浙江及邻近省区平均尾波Q值,并拟合了Q值对频率的依赖关系数据。结果为:Q(f)=212±33.5f0.62±0.11,与国内其它区域相比,本区域为Q值高值、对频率低依赖性区域。认为本研究区内构造活动弱,地震活动水平低。本文就Q值对频率、尾波窗长等的依赖性特征及影响Q值计算的噪声水平、滤波器、数据采样等因素进行了深入分析。     

雹云识别的物元可拓模型及其效果检验

雹云识别是一个多参数的模式识别问题。应用物元可拓思想将单参数雹云识别的不相容性转化为相容性问题。通过构造雹云和雷雨云两类样本的经典物无降节域物元，根据计算出的待识别云体与两类样本云体之间的关联度大小，进行雹云识别。该方法用于成都地区雹云识别结果的正确率达85％以上。     

重庆荣昌地区尾波Q_C值特征

基于Sato单次散射模型,利用2004年1月-2007年9月重庆市台网记录的荣昌县及其附近地区48个ML≥2.0地震波形资料,计算了该区域尾波QC值,并对QC值与频率之间的依赖关系进行了拟合.结果表明该区为QC值低值、对频率强依赖性区域.另对QC值分三个时间段进行研究,显示QC值变化量不大,结果较稳定,说明在研究时段内该区域地下介质结构无明显变化.     

雹云识别的物元可拓模型在低纬高原的构造及其效果检验

雹云识别是一个多参数的模式识别问题,应用物元可拓思想将单参数雹云识别的不相容性转化为相容性问题。在与成都地区雹云识别的物元可拓模型进行对比后,根据低纬高原地形及气候特点,通过适当增加参数,构造完成低纬高原雹云识别的物元可拓模型,以此进行雹云识别,准确率达86％以上。     

Causal and functional relations in fluvial geomorphology

The concept of causality has been a fundamental principle of scientific investigation for many centuries. Recently, however, there has been a significant reappraisal of the philosophical basis of the concept of causality and this has important implications for future geomorphological research. It is now recognized that there are two approaches to the study of relations between variables. Conventionally knowledge was divided into classes and, on the basis of time precedence, causal relations were defined. While this approach enables static systems to be analysed it does not apply to dynamic systems which exhibit mutual causality. This traditional view of knowledge became obsolete with the introduction of the concept of the continuum. Algebraic techniques now enable the solution of systems of simultaneous equations, provided that there are as many equations as unknowns. Significantly this approach applies to dynamic as well as static systems. Further advances in fluvial geomorphological research are dependent on the adoption of mathematical reasoning. This will concentrate research on the mode and rate of operation of channel processes and feedback mechanisms. Given this information it will be possible to develop a static process-response model to explain and predict channel response to a set of input conditions, and a dynamic model to simulate channel development through time and space.     

Multilevel models for analyzing people’s daily movement behavior

A survey on the daily movement behavior of the people residing in the territory of the Municipality of Pisa, Italy, was carried out in October 2002. This work is aimed at modeling the distance covered and the number of trips taken in a day as functions of several individual characteristics. In order to take the potential intra-family and intra-area correlation of the observations into account, multilevel models are estimated. We use two and three level hierarchical linear and Poisson models to estimate the number of daily trips taken by an individual. Likelihood ratio tests indicate the movement behavior in 1 day is more alike for individuals within a family than for individuals from different families.     

区域城市化水平的物元可拓综合评判——以福建省为例

在建立区域城市化水平评价指标体系的基础上,运用物元可拓方法和主成分分析方法,以福建省23个主要城市为研究地域单元,建立了福建省区域城市化水平综合评判模型.模型的输出结果表明,福建省区域城市化水平总体偏低,各地区在发展水平上出现明显分层;模型的综合关联度将福建省区域城市化水平划分成4个等级,分项指标关联度则揭示了各地区城市化发展的薄弱环节.研究结果较为客观地反映了福建省城市化的实际状况,为区域城市化水平的评价提供了一种新的研究思路.