符合药用质量要求的甲壳素精制工艺

本文探讨了符合以下药用质量要求的甲壳素的精制工艺，甲壳素脱乙酰度在７０－９０％之间，钙的含量〈０．５％，总蛋含量在７－８％之间，灰分〈１％，酸不溶性灰分〈０．０５％，无毒，为甲壳素在医药上的应用，提供了生产数据。     

几丁糖酯原料药稳定性研究

该文建立高效凝胶渗透色谱法 (HPGPC) ,明胶比浊法 ,氧瓶燃烧法三种分析方法考察海洋硫酸多糖药物几丁糖酯的稳定性 ,采用这三种方法分别考察几丁糖酯原料药在高温、高湿、强光照射及加速条件下分子量及分布宽度、样品中硫酸根含量及样品含量的变化情况。结果表明 :三种方法均适用于几丁糖酯的稳定性考察 ,几丁糖酯在上述影响因素条件下稳定性良好     

二苯硫脲－甲基异丁酮泡塑富集液珠萃取比色法测定化探样品中的金银

在１０％ＨＣＩ介质中，采用二苯硫脲（ＤＰＴＵ）－甲基异丁酮（ＭＩＢＫ）泡沫塑料富集，以金试剂液珠萃取比色法测定了化探样品中的Ａｕ和Ａｇ。方法的检出限：Ａｕ０．５×１０￣－９；Ａｓ５×１０￣－９（１０ｇ称样）。利用此方法制备了“野外快速分析箱”，可在野外简陋条件下进行现场测定。     

基于壳聚糖席夫碱类衍生物修饰电极测定食品中的亚硝酸根离子

利用水杨醛对壳聚糖进行改性,合成壳聚糖席夫碱类衍生物(S-CTS),将其滴涂在玻碳电极表面成膜。用循环伏安法研究了该修饰电极对NO2-的电催化作用。以0.1mol/LpH4.5的B-R缓冲溶液为底液,还原峰电流与NO2-浓度在0.20～81mg/kg范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9899,检测限达到2.8×10-7mol/L。用于样品测定,结果较为满意。     

中国鲎基因组微卫星富集文库的构建及分析

本研究旨在从DNA分子水平上研究中国鲎(Tachypleus tridentatus)种群遗传多样性及种群结构等相关信息,以期为保护其野生群体种质资源提供科学依据。本研究通过生物素—磁珠富集法筛选微卫星标记,构建中国鲎基因组微卫星文库。基因组DNA经Fast Digest Tru1I酶切后,选取400 bp~1000 bp片段,用生物素标记的(GT)15、(CT)15混合探针与其杂交,杂交复合物与链霉亲和素磁珠结合,捕获含有重复序列的微卫星片段,纯化后连接PMD19-T载体克隆,构建基因组微卫星文库。从334个阳性克隆中随机选取196个片段大于400 bp的阳性克隆进行测序,共获得127个微卫星序列,其中完美型占69.3%、非完美型占11.0%、复合型占19.7%。除探针使用的GT和CT的重复序列外,还筛选到多碱基GCT、TGG、AAAC、ACAA、GATTT、TTTTA的重复序列。根据微卫星序列设计选择合成40对引物,结果显示其中3对具有较高多态性,可作为进一步评价中国鲎野生种质资源等遗传信息的有效遗传标记。     

质子化壳聚糖吸附除磷效能研究

本研究通过质子化方法强化壳聚糖的除磷效果,研究壳聚糖的质子化度、吸附时间、磷的存在形态等因素对质子化壳聚糖除磷效果的影响,结果表明,壳聚糖对水中总磷及磷酸根的吸附效果随着其质子化度的升高而呈现明显加强的趋势;质子化壳聚糖对水中总磷的吸附量随着时间的延长而增加,吸附时间在70-80min时达到最大吸附量;水溶液中磷的存在形态,影响质子化壳聚糖的除磷效果。     

Baily’s Beads Atlas in 2005 – 2008 Eclipses

In the annular or total eclipses of 3 October 2005, 29 March 2006, 22 September 2006, and 1 August 2008, observational campaigns were organized to record the phenomenon of Baily’s beads. These campaigns were internationally coordinated through the International Occultation Timing Association (IOTA) at both its American and European sections. From the stations in the northern and southern zones of grazing eclipse, the eclipses have been recorded on video. Afterward, as many beads as possible have been identified by analyzing the video data of each observing station. The atlas presented in this paper includes 598 data points, obtained by 23 observers operating at 28 different observing stations. The atlas lists the geographic positions of the observing stations and the observed time instants of disappearance or reappearance of beads, identified by an angle measured relative to the Moon’s axis of rotation. The atlas will serve as a basis for determining the solar diameter. Electronic Supplementary Material  The online version of this article () contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

壳聚糖碱性氨基酸衍生物的合成及抑菌活性研究

利用接枝反应,采用碱性氨基酸修饰壳聚糖,制备壳聚糖赖氨酸衍生物、壳聚糖精氨酸衍生物、壳聚糖组氨酸衍生物。通过红外(FT-IR)、核磁(~1H-NMR)、元素分析(EA)对其进行表征,并研究了不同壳聚糖氨基酸衍生物的抑菌活性。结果表明,壳聚糖赖氨酸衍生物、壳聚糖精氨酸衍生物、壳聚糖组氨酸衍生物、壳聚糖对金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为320、160、320、640μg/mL,对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为320、320、320、640μg/mL,三种壳聚糖氨基酸衍生物的抑菌活性均明显高于未修饰壳聚糖。通过引入碱性氨基酸增加壳聚糖的正电荷有利于提高其抑菌活性。     

Chitosan oligosaccharide-Ca complex accelerates the depuration of cadmium from Chlamys ferrari

This study investigated the effect of a chitosan oligosaccharide-Ca complex (COS-Ca) on the depuration of cadmium (Cd) from Chlamys ferrari. After exposure to 0.5 mg L-1 CdCl2 for 3 or 7 d, the scallops were treated by COS-Ca prior to determina-tion of Cd, calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) contents, Cd distribution in organs, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and antioxidant variables. Results showed that COS-Ca reduced Cd content in the viscera of the scallops, with highest Cd depuration rate (47%) observed on day 3. The COS-Ca concentration substantially affected Cd depuration, and the exposure to 8.75 mg L-1 COS-Ca led to significantly higher Cd depuration rate compared with those of lower COS-Ca concentrations (1.75, 3.5, 5.25, and 7.00 mg L-1). Distribution analysis of Cd in scallop organs indicated that COS-Ca significantly reduced Cd content in the kidney throughout the 5-d experiment, as well as in the gill during the early stage of Cd depuration. In addition, COS-Ca treatment decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and MDA content while increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities on different days. Our work suggested COS-Ca complex treatment as an effective method for acceleration of Cd depuration from Cd-contaminated bivalves.