盐田中嗜盐菌的初步研究

在连云港台南盐场盐田中取卤水和底泥样品，以盐(NaCl)为限制性生长因子，主要采用12％NaCl平板，对样品中的嗜盐菌进行初步鉴定和培养计数研究。结果表明，盐田中的嗜盐菌类群在菌落、个体特征以及数量分布上有所不同，并且底泥中的菌量比卤水中高1～2个数量级。     

The impact of shrimp trawling and associated sediment resuspension in mud dominated, shallow estuaries

To address the relative importance of shrimp trawling on seabed resuspension and bottom characteristics in shallow estuaries, a series of disturbance and monitoring experiments were conducted at a bay bottom mud site (2.5 m depth) in Galveston Bay, Texas in July 1998 and May 1999. Based on pre- and post-trawl sediment profiles of ⁷Be; pore water dissolved oxygen and sulfide concentration; and bulk sediment properties, it was estimated that the trawl rig, including the net, trawl doors, and “tickler chain,” excavate the seabed to a maximum depth of approximately 1.5 cm, with most areas displaying considerably less disturbance. Water column profile data in the turbid plume left by the trawl in these underconsolidated muds (85–90% porosity; <0.25 kPa undrained shear strength) demonstrate that suspended sediment inventories of up to 85–90 mg/cm² are produced immediately behind the trawl net; an order of magnitude higher than pre-trawl inventories and comparable to those observed during a 9–10 m/s wind event at the study site. Plume settling and dispersion caused suspended sediment inventories to return to pre-trawl values about 14 min after trawl passage in two separate experiments, indicating particles re-settle primarily as flocs before they can be widely dispersed by local currents. As a result of the passage of the trawl rig across the seabed, shear strength of the sediment surface showed no significant increase, suggesting that bed armoring is not taking place and the trawled areas will not show an increase in critical shear stress.     

虾肤诱食剂改善南美白对虾植物蛋白日粮的作用

用900尾平均体质量为0.106 g/尾±0.012 g/尾的南美白对虾(Peneausvannamei)进行虾肽改善植物蛋白日粮试验,结果表明:(1)大豆粕、杂粕组南美白对虾的成活率显著高于鱼粉组(P<0.05);(2)大豆粕、鱼粉组南美白对虾相对生长率、饲料系数、虾体组成相似,杂粕组最差,且与大豆粕、鱼粉组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结果表明,在南美白对虾日粮中虾肽作为营养性诱食剂可显著改善植物蛋白的适口性,提高南美白对虾对大豆蛋白的的消化吸收功能,达到与鱼粉组相同的养殖效果,从而明显降低南美白对虾日粮成本。     

云南会泽铅锌矿喷流沉积成因研究

会泽铅锌矿床的成因认识各异,曾认为是沉积—改造层控型矿床。研究前人资料、结合亲历找矿实践,讨论该矿床另一种不同的成矿方式。研究矿床地质、地球化学、同位素组成、包裹体、方铅矿年龄测定和成矿温度测试等表明:会泽铅锌矿属海底热卤水喷流沉积—改造层控型矿床,与芒特—艾萨型热卤水喷流沉积层控矿床类似。     

卤水提锂的萃取体系概述

介绍了国内外萃取法在含锂溶液,尤其在卤水中提取锂的部分研究进展情况,重点对各种萃取体系的机理和特点进行了说明,并对今后我国盐湖卤水萃取法提锂研究的方向进行了总结。     

太湖、洞庭湖野生青虾肌肉中有机氯农药的气相色谱-质谱法测定

使用气相色谱质谱技术测定了青虾肌肉组织中的8种有机氯农药.包括六氯苯、氯丹、滴滴涕(ΣDDTs)、艾氏剂、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、七氯和灭蚁灵,对太湖和洞庭湖15个点位29组野士青虾样品的测定结果显示,青虾肌肉组织内残留的有机氯农药主要是六氯苯和滴滴涕,六氯苯含量为nd-13.2μg/kg(湿重),滴滴涕含量为0.790-5.82μg/kg(湿重),洞庭湖青虾肌肉中有机氯农药的含量略高于太湖青虾,两湖青虾肌肉残留有机氯农药在枯水期时的含量多数大于丰水期时的含量.     

江西相山火山-侵入杂岩体锆石SHRIMP定年及其地质意义

采用锆石SHRIMP微区U-Pb测年技术,测定了江西相山铀矿田火山-侵入杂岩的时代。采自于相山西北部的石马山和西部南陂的鹅湖岭组碎斑熔岩的SHRIMP锆石206Pb/238U表面年龄加权平均值分别为(134.6±1.0)Ma(MSWD=1.5)和(134.1±1.0)Ma(MSWD=0.65),可以限定相山第二火山喷发旋回的结束时代为134 Ma;采自于相山北部巴泉和南部浯漳的似斑状花岗岩的SHRIMP锆石206Pb/238U表面年龄加权平均值为(133.3±0.8)Ma(MSWD=0.82)和(134.7±0.9)Ma(MSWD=1.08),与碎斑熔岩的年龄在误差范围内基本一致,结合野外地质事实和前人的地球化学测试分析结果,确认碎斑熔岩和似斑状花岗岩属于同期、同来源的火山喷发-侵入的产物,形成于134～133 Ma。书堂钻孔ZK111A-1中打鼓顶组顶部流纹英安岩的锆石206Pb/238U表面年龄加权平均值为(141.6±1.7)Ma(MSWD=0.9),表明第一旋回火山喷发的时代应结束于142 Ma,大部分属于晚侏罗世火山活动。岗上英钻孔岩心中石英二长花岗斑岩的锆石206Pb/238U表面年龄加权平均值为(136.4±1.0)Ma(MSWD=1.7),如意亭剖面第二采石场流纹质英安斑岩的锆石206Pb/238U表面年龄加权平均值为(137.4±1.7)Ma(MSWD=1.11);推测这两者应属于早晚两期火山喷发旋回间隔期的次火山-侵入岩,进而限定136～137 Ma为相山两期火山喷发旋回的间隔时期。综合前人资料和本文测试分析结果,可将相山火山喷发第二旋回鹅湖岭组的时代限定为136～133 Ma,应属于早白垩世的火山活动,进而认为将相山地区"鹅湖岭组"的地层时代划归为早白垩世较为合适。     

Influence of Ultrasonic Treatment on the Allergenic Properties of Shrimp （Penaeus vannamei ） Allergen

The present study was undertaken to determine whether high intensity ultrasound could reduce the allergic properties of shrimp allergens. Reducing the allergenic properties of these allergens will be beneficial to allergic individuals. Samples of shrimp protein extract and shrimp muscle were treated by high-intensity ultrasound with water bathing at 0 ℃ or 50 ℃ for different time periods. The treated and untreated samples were then analyzed by SDS-PAGE, Western blots and competitive inhibition ELISA （Ci-ELISA） to determine the shrimp allergenicity. The results show that high-intensity ultrasound has no effect on allergenicity when the extracts were treated at 0℃. However, a significant decrease was observed in the level of the major shrimp allergen, Pen a 1, when the samples were treated at 50 ℃. In the determination of allergenicity with CiELISA, a reduction in IgE binding was also observed.