浅谈工程测量学的发展

对工程测量学的地位和应用领域,通用和专用仪器的发展,在理论和实践上进行了归纳和总结。简要地叙述了工程测量在国内外的发展情况及其发展趋势。     

震灾保险研究中的软科学问题

震灾保险研究融会着自然科学与社会科学的紧密结合和相互渗透,基于这一认识,本文联系震灾保险的社会属性,分析并指出这一险种的非强制性质;保护应用的权益与责任;对社会不规范投保行为的制约;正确理解“与国际惯例接轨”、地震系统的协作模式、政府部门的政策导向等等带有根本性的问题,以启示人们把握研究的大方向,从而加快我国该项研究的实用化进程。     

Re-discussion on the Jiaochang Arcuate Structure, Sichuan Province, and the Seismogenic Structure for Diexi Earthquake in 19331

The Jiaocbang arcuate structure is one of the numerous arcuate structural belts in Sichuan. The present paper gives a further argument about the characteristics of that arcuate structure and the new activity of the Songpinggou fault and affirms that the Songpinggou fault is an active fault in the Holocene epoch. The Diexi M7.5 earthquake took place in 1933 on the west wing of that arcuate structure, near the apex of the arc. Many authors have given quite different opinions about the genetic structure of that earthquake. The authors have made on-the-spot investigations time and again over recent years. Besides this, the authors have also further studied the shape of intensity contour lines, the distribution characteristics of ground surface seismic hazards, the left-lateral dislocation of buildings along the Songpinggou fault, the NWtrending ground fissures that developed on the ground surface after earthquake, and so on. On this basis, it is still considered that the seismogenic fault of the 1933 Diexi M7.5 earthquake was the Songpinggou fault on the west wing of the Jiaochang arcuate structure.     

丽江大研镇震灾分布和地脉动测量结果之间的相关性

丽江７．０级地震后，大研镇被毁建筑物的地理分布呈显４条条带，伤亡人员的地理分布和上述条带重合。９１个短周期地脉动测点的观测资料表明，分布在上述条带内的大多数测点，其卓越周期大于０．３Ｓ；条带外的测点，其卓越周期一般在０．１Ｓ左右。作认为卓越周期和烈度异常之间良好的相关性，是因为地脉动卓越周期和地方震的频谱之间存在良好的相关性。     

玛纳斯县城房屋建筑地震损失预测及抗震设防效益分析

以玛纳斯县城现有房屋建筑调查资料为基础，对该县城的房屋建筑进行了分类。作了抗震分析，建立了相应的易损性矩阵。根据地震危险性分析结果及县城房屋建筑的发展情况，给出了未来１０年房屋建筑的震害预测结果，并对房屋建筑抗震设防和加固的经济效益进行了初步分析。     

应用灰色系统理论进行地震灾害等级划分和灾情分析比较

通过对地震时人员死亡、受伤、房屋破坏和直接经济损失４个灾害损失指标的函数转换，使得用不同的损失指标判别灾害等级的标准取得了统一．然后，应用灰色聚类方法划分地震灾害等级，并用灰色关联度排序方法对不同的灾情进行分析比较．同时还对１９６６～１９８３年我国大陆７次重要地震和１９９５年我国大陆１７次地震进行了灾害等级划分和不同灾情的分析比较．结果表明，该方法基本可定量准确地评价地震灾情