连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水悬浮液中的硅

1仪器及工作条件AAS novAA原子吸收光谱仪,分段流动注射SFS和50 mm燃烧头刮板;AAS contrAA高分辨率连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱仪。仪器工作条件为：测量波长251．611nm,狭缝宽度0．2 nm,火焰类型为N2O／C2H2,燃气流量255 L／h,燃烧头角度0°,燃烧头高度5 mm。2样品制备为保证悬浮液样品均匀,应将约0．5 g样品盛装容器封好后超声水浴10 min,然后立即转移至50 mL容量瓶中,用1 g／LKCl溶液(蒸馏水中)定容至刻度。各样品在测定前要充分摇匀。另外要留意Si浓度的降低(1 h后约减少14％)。3校准曲线的绘制标准曲线法：手工配制Si标准系列为1     

湿球纱布何时剪短适宜

《地面气象观测规范》规定湿球温度表的溶冰观测是:当湿球纱布冻结后,应及时从室内带一杯蒸馏水对湿球纱布进行溶冰,待纱布变软后,在球下部2~3 mm处剪断,然后把湿球温度表下的水杯从百叶箱内取走,以防水杯冻裂。笔者下站检查业务工作,曾发现某站的气温是-1.1℃,但湿球纱布还未剪短。我们认为这样做是不对的,原因是当气温达0℃以下,湿球球部的纱布不一定结冰,但水杯内的水会结冰,从而使湿球纱布浸入水中的一部分也结冰,造成影响湿球纱布的正常吸水及湿球表面的蒸发和热量交换,常会形成水上部分纱布似冻非冻,导致湿球温度表示度不稳定,甚至失…     

蒸馏水中蒙脱石晶层间膨胀压力理论研究

蒙脱石颗粒周围的溶液浓度对其膨胀性有较大影响,传统的双电层模型可以对电解质环境下蒙脱石的膨胀特性做出较好的模拟,但并不适于蒸馏水的情况。针对膨润土在蒸馏水或纯水中已有的膨胀特性试验,本文在前人的研究基础上详细推导了蒸馏水中蒙脱石晶层间的膨胀压力模型,并给出一种简便算法。运用此算法可以避免非线性方程的求解,从而可以较方便的将膨胀力和晶层间距联系起来。     

湿球温度表使用学问多

气象台站的百叶箱里面挂着构造完全相同的两支温度表：东边的一支用来测定气温,叫做“干球温度表”;西边的一支,球部缠上用蒸馏水湿润的纱布,称为“湿球温度表”。这两支温度表合起来可以测定空气湿度。     

清除湿球结垢小方法

长期以来 ,由于污染、操作不规范等因素 ,湿球感应部分经常结垢。有些台站用小刀刮除 ,既损伤仪器又造成日后容易重结 ,更影响了湿球感应的准确性 ,致使记录失真。为此 ,台站可以买一瓶低浓度的盐酸及一根吸管 ,更换湿球纱布时 ,用吸管吸取适量盐酸倒入玻璃杯中 ,加蒸馏水稀释后 ,将湿球感应部分放入稀释液中 2～ 3分钟 ,然后取出用蒸馏水冲洗干净 ,即光亮如新清除湿球结垢小方法@薛旭$唐河县气象局!河南唐河473401     

蒸馏水配制日照纸药液

通常配制日照纸药液是用自然水,感光迹线、纸面整洁度效果差.通过用蒸馏水配制日照纸药液,进行对比分析,在排除技术性和责任性因素之后,结果发现:药液配制的质量与水质有关.     

台站烧制蒸馏水的方法及技巧

根据台站实际情况,结合多年人工烧制蒸馏水的经验,对蒸馏水的制作方法进行介绍,供台站参考.     

祁连山冰川水的生物学效应实验研究

比较了蒸馏水、自来水和祁连山"七一"冰川的冰川水的pH值、电导率. 冰川水的电导率为 2.31×10-2s·m-1, 为自来水的1/2, 与其 pH值一样, 介于蒸馏水和自来水之间. 测定了冰川水的主要矿质元素含量, 结果表明, 冰川水具有很低的Na 含量及较低的矿化度(101.50 mg·L-1). 通过种子萌发实验、植物组织培养的脱分化和再分化过程的比较研究, 揭示冰川水的水质纯净, 完全可以满足植物组织培养的要求, 是地球上非常宝贵的优质水资源.     

A simulating experiment on the geochemical variation trend at the initial period of meteoric waters converting to underground waters and ore fluids

Experimental studies were undertaken on leaching of sedimentary rocks （ dolomite and sandstone） and Hg, Sb ores by distilled water under the condition of a completely open system （room temperature and room pressure）. The aim is to find whether the halogen elements or metal elements first enter the solution at the early stage of meteoric waters converting to groundwaters and ore fluids, and, at the same time, to understand how and when they enter distilled water solutions from the rocks. The experimental resuhs have shown that F and Cl began to enter the fluids in the initial period of thirty days. With increasing leaching duration, the amounts of the elements that entered the fluids increased steadily. During the period from 120 days to 150 days the amounts increased more drastically, followed a slow increase. It is found that the capability of Cl entering the solutions is much greater than that of F. Hg and Sb were found not to have entered the solutions till 120 days later. During this period of time the pH value of the solutions began to drop. As for Hg and Sb ores, Hg and Sb began to enter the solutions on the 60th or 90th day, greatly ahead of schedule, but the two metallic elements in the rock samples began to enter the solutions 150 days later. Relatively speaking, Hg is more easily leached out than Sb from the rocks. In some rock samples, Sb could be detected in the solutions at the end of the experiment. However, Cu, Pb and Zn had not been detected in the leaching solutions from the beginning to the end of the experiment. In the whole leaching process the pH value of the solutions tend to decrease slowly from 7.1 at the beginning to 6.5 at the end. That is to say, in the interaction between pure water and rock the halogen elements in the rocks were preferentially leached out and then entered the fluids. With increasing water/rock reaction duration and amount of halogen-group elements in the solution and with decreasing pH value of the solution, some active metallic elements began to release in small amounts. This experimental result can explain the source and mechanism of volatile components and trace metals in underground waters. Meanwhile, as for those ore deposits produced by ore fluids derived from meteoric waters, the experimental result is also helpful to the understanding of the geochemical variation trend at the initial stage of conversion of meteoric waters to ore fluids.     

浅谈矿泉水,纯净水,蒸馏水

矿泉水、纯净水、蒸馏水简称饮用水,目前我国瓶装饮用水已经由勘查、评价、建厂的第一阶段逐步发展到整顿、提高、开拓的第二阶段。据不完全统计,经过各方面近10年的努力,经地矿部正式审定的矿泉水水源地约达1300多处,全国已建成矿泉水厂500多家、纯净水厂100多家,年产量在70万吨左右,一个新的饮料行业已初具规模,为改变我国人民传统的饮料结构增添了新的品种。本文试图对饮用水的新领域提出若干探讨,抛砖引玉,以促进这一新饮料行业的更大发展。