分析测试结果的不确定度报告及应用

简要介绍了测量不确定度和测量误差的概念，二者之间的区别，不确定度主要来源及正确报告、应用和符合性评价等，提出分析测试中心应尽快培训人员，完成对每个检测方法的不确定度评定工作，以适应国家法律法规、客户和认可委要求。     

加权最小范数平差的伪观测解法

首先证明了加权最小范数平差一般解的一个重要性质，由此提出了利用附加的观测值来求解加权最小范数平差问题的方法，并证明了该法与利用一般解法等价性的充要条件。     

雄鹰顶管自动引导测量系统在某顶管工程中的应用

本文对雄鹰顶管自动引导测量系统的测量方式作了讨论，当此系统在上海市复兴东路220kV越江电缆顶管工程中使用时，作者对其进行了一些方法改进。     

Errors and correction of precipitation measurements in China

In order to discover the range of various errors in Chinese precipitation measurements and seek a correction method, 30 precipitation evaluation stations were set up countrywide before 1993. All the stations are reference stations in China. To seek a correction method for wind-induced error, a precipitation correction instrument called the ＂horizontal precipitation gauge＂ was devised beforehand. Field intercomparison observations regarding 29,000 precipitation events have been conducted using one pit gauge, two elevated operational gauges and one horizontal gauge at the above 30 stations. The range of precipitation measurement errors in China is obtained by analysis of intercomparison measurement results. The distribution of random errors and systematic errors in precipitation measurements are studied in this paper. A correction method, especially for wind-induced errors, is developed. The results prove that a correlation of power function exists between the precipitation amount caught by the horizontal gauge and the absolute difference of observations implemented by the operational gauge and pit gauge. The correlation coefficient is 0.99. For operational observations, precipitation correction can be carried out only by parallel observation with a horizontal precipitation gauge. The precipitation accuracy after correction approaches that of the pit gauge. The correction method developed is simple and feasible.     

统一分布下的LP估计抗差测度

本文根据定位参数Ｍ估计理论,导出了ＬＰ估计的影响函数,分析了ＬＰ估计的抗差能力,同时还推导了ＬＰ估计的渐近效率,综合抗差能力和效率,分析了ＬＰ估计的优劣性,明确指出,用现测数据中含有粗差扰动的数据和Ｐ为（１,１．２５）的ＬＰ估计进行处理,结果较优,效率较高。     

水平加速度对重力仪弹簧的影响及其克服

在采用垂直悬挂弹性系统的海洋重力仪中,由于弹簧本身的质量不可忽略,受到水平扰动时就可能影响测量精度。L. J. B. LaCoste和J. C. Harrison曾分析过这种影响,本文建立的物理模型更接近于实际情况,文中还建立了数学模型,分析了各种参数（质量、弹簧初始长度、拉丝长度等）的影响。最后得出了与文[1]和[2]不尽相同的结论:只要适当控制弹簧初始长度就能消除水平扰动影响。     

信息熵及其在测量结果不确定度评定中的应用

根据信息理论中信息熵的性质，从理论上导出信息熵可作为测量结果不确定度的评定指标，并分析得出了用信息熵评定测量结果不确定度的数学表示。