Experimental simulation of dolomite dissolution under burial diagenesis conditions and thermodynamic interpretation

Simulating experiments on dolomite dissolution by acetic acid were made under burial diagenesis conditions,at temperatures ranging from 75℃to 130℃ and pressures from 20 MPA to 30MPa,The results show that the dissolution rate of dolomite increased rapidly with increasing temperature and prssure,From 75℃/Mpa to 130℃/30 MPa,the total amount of released ca and Mg increased from 32.98mg/L to 337.9mg/L,over one order of magnitude in difference,Thermodynamic calculation indicates that the increment of Gibbs free energy (ΔG） of the chemical reaction decreases with increasing temperature and pressure.This thermodynamic result is consistent with the experimental result.Based on the Experimental results.it is suggested that secondary prosities formed by dolomite dissolution under conditions of deep burial diagenesis should be more common than those under epigenesis and shallow burial conditions,and therefore dolomite reservoires in the formations that have been deeply buried should be more abundant than in the formations that have only been shallowly buried.     

钙华天然海绵地质体多孔特性及其对水循环调节意义——以四川黄龙为例

四川黄龙自然遗产点以钙华景观闻名海内外,其钙华体多孔性地质结构,使钙华地质体具备"海绵"特性。本文通过电子扫描显微镜(SEM)和探地雷达、电磁法等地质探测技术对钙华地质体的多孔性质和水循环特性进行研究,并结合多年现场踏勘经验探讨了钙华地质体的多孔性质对水循环的调节意义。分析结果显示,黄龙钙华体经过地质作用形成了不同尺度的孔隙结构,其中生物参与形成的微观孔道具备"渗透、净化"功能;侵蚀作用产生的可视孔洞、缝隙快速透水,并进一步发育成塌陷区和钙华漏斗。彩池、溶洞和裂缝为水体储蓄和运移提供很好通道和场所,地质探测分析表明典型钙华段地下腔体具备"蓄水、排水"功能。各尺度孔隙互相影响,共同调节黄龙景区内的地表-地下水循环系统。初步研究发现,藻类在黄龙钙华沉积过程中具有加速和减少孔隙形成的双向调控作用,未来将结合藻类在钙华构筑过程的作用,继续深化黄龙钙华地质体的孔隙结构性质研究,为钙华景观的维护和保育提供参考。     

拓展的衍射CT技术反演多孔性海底声学参数

多孔性海底沉积层的声速、密度、孔隙结构等声学参数是描述海底地质的重要信息,也是声场数值预报、沿岸工程建设地点选择等工程应用中所必须的参数。本文从海底后向半平面不完全投影的散射特性出发,拓展医学上的衍射CT技术,重新推导出收发分置测试系统目标散射强度和相关图像剖面频谱样本的关系式。运用随机生长四参数生成法构建声场图像模型,通过收发分置散射声场的有限稀疏样本,完成单一方向入射线性调频波条件下的剖面图像信息反演验证,得出影响声学参数精度的调频波频率间隔和测量方向数,进一步反演多孔性海底沉积层的孔隙度和平均阻抗指数。与基于网格剖分的数值计算方法相比,本文方法计算效率提高约两个数量级。     

纳米多孔性材料的现状与展望

纳米多孔性材料在工业上特别是石油化工，环境保护等领域有十分重要的用途，本文讨论了这类材料的合成、结构和应用，并评述有关方面的研究进展。     

Genesis and Debelopment of Porosity in Carbonate Reservoirs—Fluid Inclusion Evidence

Fluid inclusions in minerals filled in pores of reservoir rocks can be used as a good indicator of pore genesis and development so as to shed light on oil generation,migration and accumulation.The relationship between pore evolution and oil generation has been established based on fluid inclusion studies on the Lower Ordovician carbonate reservoir strata in the Ordos Baisn,Northwest China.Seven stages of porosity development can be recogmized.i.e.,the penecontemporaneous,the early and middle-late diagenetic,the supergene,the early,middle and late re-burying stages.The dissolution pores an fissures formed in the supergene and middle-late reburying stage and the structural fractures formed in the late re-burying stage constitute the major traps of oil and gas.The major phase of oil migration and accumulation took place between Late Jurassic and Cretaceous,Corresponding to the middle and late re-burying stages.The generation and accumulation of oil can be closely related to Yenshanian tectonics.