加强行业自律 净化经营环境——促进全省宝玉石事业健康发展

本报讯 近日，省宝玉石协会第二届会议第一次理事会在哈尔滨市召开。来自全省100多家宝玉石行业的代表参加了大会。     

NKK开展土壤净化技术

日本NKK公司准备开展土壤改善业务。该公司已签订了有关使用美国BioGenesis Enterprises公司开发的工艺技术的协议。据NKK报道，该工艺使用高压水粉碎土壤，并应用生物降解表面活性化学试剂，来消除土壤中的有害物质。对基本生产流程的部分设备重新配置，该系统就能重新组合用于去除重金属、挥发性有机化合物、多氯联苯、石油污染物和Dioxins。该车载装置能去除小于70μm的土壤污染物，日均清除190m^3土壤。据BioGenesis报道，这项技术能去除85％－99％的土壤污染物，且剩余部分可采用生物降解作用再净化，去污成本从每吨40美元到每吨200美元。一旦净化作业完毕，就可将处理后的土壤送回其原处。     

流体包裹体成分测定的低温相变和显微拉曼光谱分析技术研究进展

论述了包裹体低温分析技术的原理以及进展。传统的流体包裹体低温分析技术是以显微冷冻测温测定无机盐体系为主,目前已发展到应用低温原位拉曼光谱技术对包裹体中的阳离子和阴离子进行定量-半定量分析。油气包裹体原位低温分析技术也取得了较大的突破,对不同成分油气包裹体低温下的相变过程取得了一定的认识,据此对油气包裹体进行分类,推测其主要成分,为油气包裹体计算提供基础参数。     

Numerical Simulation of Residual Circulation due to Bottom Rouglmess Variability Under Tidal Flows in A Semi-Enclosed Bay

Nowadays there are some chronic serious environmental problems, such as eutrophication, blue tide and so on, in a complicated coastal zone or a semi-enclosed bay, because the water exchanges between an inner bay and an outer sea is weak compared with the supply of contaminant. Under this situation, a method to improve the water quality by 3-dimensional small unsymmetrical structures has been proposed by Komatsu et al. In this paper, several numerical simulations of the tidal current and concentration for various arrangements of bottom roughness in a semi-enclosed model bay are carfled out with a depth-averaged 2-D numerical model. The model is solved by the hybrid finite analytic method with nonstaggered grid. And the SIMPLES algorithm with Rhie and Chow＇ s momentum interpolation technique is used for the simulation. The effect of Komatsu＇ s method for water purification is examined by numerical simulation. The result of numerical experiment indicates that it is possible to generate a new tidal residual current and to activate a tidal exchange by bottom roughness arrangement only.     

用臭氧处理海水对鱼虾的急性毒性效应研究

本实验检测了不同浓度臭氧残留对中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)、牙鲆（Paralichthys oilvaceus）存活率的影响。结果表明，对虾的耐受力要比牙鲆鱼强，中国对虾在臭氧浓度≥1.0mg/L时，可存活至少48h，而芽鲆在此浓度下3h后，即出现鳃部充血肿胀、呼吸频率加快等不适应现象，48h LC50为0.13mg/L。如果能正确控制臭氧的残留量，利用臭氧净化养殖用水是一个不容质疑的水质净化的好方法。     

九龙江口红树林对汞的循环和净化作用

红树林是存在于海陆交汇处的生态系统,其间大量的凋落物中有一部分仍留在群落内,再加上上游有机物的输入,使得红树林沼泽形成高腐殖质的还原环境,沉积物中的总汞含量和有机质含量呈正相关[1],而大量的硫化氢又易与汞形成难于溶解的硫化汞,因而红树林区有可能是潜在的重金属富集区[2].本文对我国几个红树林区的汞本底值进行调查,研究汞在九龙江口秋茄群落的分布、迁移积累的途经,以及红树林对河口区汞循环的影响,并探讨红树林对汞污染净化作用的途经.     

向阳圩海塘围堰堤坝沉降特性原位实测及稳定性分析

以上海市向阳圩海塘围堰主堤为工程背景，在大量原位实测的基础上通过对各测试结果的统计分析研究了软土海滩围堰堤坝及地基沉降位移特性。结果表明：围堰堤坝及地基沉降具有显著的时效特性，沉降与时间的相关关系可用负指数时效特性曲线拟合；各测点位移值随时间具有明显突变变化，整个沉降时域可分为快速沉降时域区及缓慢沉降时域区。同时，在充分考察了沉降速率随时间变化特性的前提下提出了用该参量预测堤坝稳定时间及最终沉降位移的建议。     

两项新技术及其在海水苗种生产中的应用

本文介绍了两项新技术，用泡沫净化空气、海水和生物效应灯，及其在海水苗种生产中的应用。文中分别讨论了它们的原理、设计安装及使用效果。希望这两项新技术能够得到推广，以提高出苗率，增加海水苗种生产的经济效益。     

Calculation of Environmental Capacity of Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Jiaozhou Bay

The method has been established to calculate the environmental capacity (ECo),surplus environment capacity (SECo) of water with respect to marine petroleum hydrocarbons associated with oil (PHAOs) and the self-purification capacity (SPCo) of main self-purification process to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay, China, according to the dynamic model for distribution of marine PHAOs among multiphase environments. The variation of concentration of PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay is well simulated by the dynamic model. Based on the model.the ECo, SECo of water with respect to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay were calculated during the last 10 years under the first-class and second-class quality standard requirement, according to SPCoof main self-purification process to PHAOs. The results show that about 200 tons of PHAOs could be discharged into the Jiaozhou Bay for maintaining the first class seawater quality standard, and about 600 tons of PHAOs for the second class seawater quality standard later.     

土钉抗拔承载力的原位试验研究

根据土钉现场抗拔试验数据,分析了钉材、浆液龄期等因素对土钉抗拔承载力的影响,建议了合理的下层土钉开挖时间。最后通过试验土钉抗拔力反算土体与锚固体的极限粘结强度,并与规范推荐值进行了比较。