要改革不适应生产力发展的上层建筑 吴奕良在建筑设计企业发展战略研讨会上的讲话

改革开放以来,建筑设计行业是与时俱进的,企业发展和产业技术都有进步,综合素质不断提升,企业效益和个人收入也不错。但与工业、交通先进设计企业来比,总感到有些不尽人意,是思想不解放吗？还是生产关系阻碍着生产力的发展,我想两者均有,可能后者多些。从战略发展上考虑,还要进一步解放思想,改革某些不适应生产力发展的上层建筑,才能使建筑设计行业跟上时代,进一步解放生产力,使之又好又快持续发展。     

我国历代状元的分布

科举是我国古代的重要选官制度,科举考试使社会各阶层人士,特别是下层文人,有进入仕途的机会,结束了世家大族世卿世禄的垄断局面。开科考试从隋代首兴,到1904年盛行一千多年,对我国的政治、经济和社会文化有重大影响。     

Analysis of raft foundation design based on considering influence of superstructure stiffness

The finite element method was used for analysis of raft foundation design in high-rise building. Compared with other conventional methods, this method is more adapted to the practical condition since both superstructure stiffness and soil conditions were considered in calculation. The calculation results by example show that the base reaction is more uniform and the maximum reaction decreases obviously. Accordingly, the raft foundation design is more economic without any loss of security for high-rise building.     

Seismic behavior of variable frequency pendulum isolator

Earthquake performance of a flexible one-story building isolated with a variable frequency pendulum isolator （VFPI） under near-fault and far-field ground motions is investigated. The frictional forces mobilized at the interface of the VFPI are assumed to be velocity dependent. The interaction between frictional forces of the VFPI in two horizontal directions is duly considered and coupled differential equations of motion of the isolated system in the incremental form are solved iteratively. The response of the system with bi-directional interaction is compared with those without interaction. In addition, the effects of velocity dependence on the response of the isolated system are also investigated. Moreover, a parametric study is carried out to critically examine the influence of important parameters on bi-directional interaction effects of the frictional forces of the VFPI. These parameters are： the superstructure time period, frequency variation factor （FVF） and friction coefficient of the VFPI. From the above investigations, it is observed that the dependence of the friction coefficient on relative velocity of the system does not have a noticeable effect on the peak response of the system isolated with VFPI, and that the bi-directional interaction of frictional forces of the VFPI is important and if neglected, isolator displacements will be underestimated and the superstructure acceleration and base shear will be overestimated.     

期待!俄罗斯22350中型驱逐舰

在去年俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫视察了与日本有主权之争的北方四岛后,日俄两国围绕这几个岛屿进行的明争暗斗正式进入白热化状态。而近年来,俄罗斯政府不断追加投入,为自己的军队配备新一代武器系统更是成为媒体关注的焦点,22350中型驱逐舰就是众多新武器系统中的一型。     

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of multi-base seismically isolated structures with uplift potential I： formulation

The complexity of modern seismically isolated structures requires the analysis of the structural system and the isolation system in its entirety and the ability to capture potential discontinuous phenomena such as isolator uplift and their effects on the superstructures and the isolation hardware. In this paper, an analytical model is developed and a computational algorithm is formulated to analyze complex seismically isolated superstructures even when undergoing highly-nonlinear phenomena such as uplift. The computational model has the capability of modeling various types of isolation devices with strong nonlinearities, analyzing multiple superstructures (up to five separate superstructures) on multiple bases (up to five bases), and capturing the effects of lateral loads on bearing axial forces, including bearing uplift. The model developed herein has been utilized to form the software platform 3D-BASIS-ME-MB, which provides the practicing engineering community with a versatile tool for analysis and design of complex structures with modern isolation systems.     

实现我国海洋管理工作的和谐发展——海洋管理中经济基础与上层建筑

从经济基础与上层建筑这个独特的视角来审视海洋管理,简要分析了二者之间的关系及相互作用,并结合海洋管理各要素,分别剖析了属于海洋管理基础领域和上层建筑的部分,从海洋资源、法律、海洋技术、综合管理等方面用具体事例透析经济基础与上层建筑的哲理和内涵在海洋管理中的体现,找出海洋管理工作存在的问题和矛盾,并提出解决措施,从而实现海洋管理的各种基础与上层建筑的对立统一与和谐发展,促进海洋事业的进步.